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Transnational Perspectives on Latin America最新文献

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Latin American Modernities 拉丁美洲的现代性
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0003
L. Roniger
{"title":"Latin American Modernities","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"Modernity has been associated with a series of trends that have altered many societies worldwide, including those in Latin America. Chapter 2 analyzes Latin America and its path to global insertion and modernity. The chapter also addresses the images attributed to this multistate region. Latin American societies patterned their political institutions and public spheres after models that they conceived as the epitome of advanced global progress and modernity. They incorporated modern notions of citizenship, representative democracy, civic associations, elections, public debate and public spheres, justice, and equality before the law. Yet these multiple models were hybrid in nature, resulting from their international insertion and the format of internal colonialism and biases toward the centers of world development. Many of the promises of modernity were unfulfilled, generating new political demands, social change, and transnational spillover from one society to the others.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125070921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transnational Challenges and Twenty-First-Century Dilemmas 跨国挑战和二十一世纪的困境
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0011
L. Roniger
{"title":"Transnational Challenges and Twenty-First-Century Dilemmas","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter assesses where the region stands in the early twenty-first century, as Latin American democracies exhibit a tug of war between executive policies and strong participatory trends, with countries joining multiple yet segmented intergovernmental organizations that have failed to reach institutional integration and express a voice in unison. These tensions have never been as poignant as in the current scenario, as the region faces transnational challenges and dilemmas, exacerbated by the health pandemic and economic contraction.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123298394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Latin America as a Multistate Region 拉丁美洲作为一个多州地区
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0002
L. Roniger
{"title":"Latin America as a Multistate Region","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter discusses ongoing debates about the conceptual constructs used to approach Latin America. While recognizing it as a region of multiple nation-states, each with its own unique historical and political backgrounds, this opening chapter stresses the relevance of considering the entwined histories and transnational connections of the region. The process of state construction left a legacy of cross-border networks and a protracted involvement in the affairs of neighboring states. With porous borders and a series of diasporas, migrations, and relocations, all the while facing similar challenges of postcolonial development, Latin America experienced a profound spillover of people and ideas. Repeatedly, transnational dynamics operated within national contexts. Moreover, the region has long witnessed cross-border movements and struggles, prompting international agreements on issues of common concern, including human rights, working out regional mechanisms even before those principles reached a global scale. The chapter suggests that adding transnational analysis provides deeper understanding of the region’s political, cultural, and social dynamics.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124505544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diasporas, Transnational Ties, and Ethnic-Religious Minorities 散居者、跨国关系和少数民族宗教
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0010
L. Roniger
{"title":"Diasporas, Transnational Ties, and Ethnic-Religious Minorities","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores situations affecting citizens whose ethnic or religious diaspora identities and transnational contacts have either gained them recognition or delegitimized their standing in the eyes of state authorities and sectors of public opinion. The analysis reviews the Jewish presence in the Americas before diving deeper into the case of Jewish Venezuelans, followed by presenting comparative observations on Jewish Cubans and on Muslims and Arabs living in the Triborder area where the jurisdictions of Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay meet. As Latin America has been primarily a continent of Christians, these case studies explore the meeting ground between the states’ geopolitics and cultural premises and their implications for those whose intersectional identities may open grounds for sectors challenging their legitimate standing as citizens.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"95 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128699667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Democratizing Societies Confront Their Past 民主化社会直面过去
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0008
L. Roniger
{"title":"Democratizing Societies Confront Their Past","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines various processes of democratization and confrontation within the legacies of the last wave of repressive authoritarianism in the Americas. Undergoing periods of civil unrest, repression, and human rights violations, these societies faced a tortuous process of coming to terms with that experience, enforcing policies of transitional justice without an easy way of closing the book on the past. This chapter suggests a comparative look at various policy paths and their consequences, highlighting a transnational spillover effect as countries looked upon one another and drew inferences for calibrating and advancing their own processes of overcoming the scars of authoritarian repression. The analysis identifies the constellation of national and transnational factors that eventually opened institutional ground for belated truth telling and accountability for historical wrongs.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132701690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Cold War and Its Transnational Imprint in the Americas 冷战及其在美洲的跨国烙印
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0007
L. Roniger
{"title":"The Cold War and Its Transnational Imprint in the Americas","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter addresses the geopolitics of the Cold War and its transnational imprint on Latin America. It starts by discussing the rise of the U.S. to hemispheric hegemony, and analyzes U.S. policies and their interplay with domestic constellations of power. Interested in curtailing the advance of the revolutionary Left and radical insurgent movements, the region witnessed a forceful takeover of power and the adoption of transnational counter-insurgency operations, such as Operation Condor, that undermined the rule of law and produced atrocious records of crimes against humanity. The chapter offers an overview of the impact of this geopolitical configuration on Latin American societies, including the controversial role of the School of the Americas, the prevailing doctrines of National Security and the organic conception of nations that led to a genocidal turn in the context of the Cold War.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121199575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epilogue 后记
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0012
L. Roniger
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0012","url":null,"abstract":"The book closes with an epilogue that addresses the current health and economic conundrum that Latin American societies face and some of their political repercusions. The text registers how these societies have been affected by the pandemic, economic deceleration, rising unemployment and growing challenges to the livelihood of millions of citizens. While representative democracy weakens under such pressures and populist projects are recreated, the region has a strong tradition of highly participatory societies pressing demands and making their voices heard in the public arena. Under those conditions, one should expect outbursts of popular mobilization and unrest to develop that will challenge personalist rule and decision-making, most likely supported by countervailing visions of democracy that reverberate cyclically in the public spheres of Latin America.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"2002 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127328273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
International Wars and Conspiracy Theories 国际战争和阴谋论
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0006
L. Roniger
{"title":"International Wars and Conspiracy Theories","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter analyzes how master narratives of sinister foreign plans behind international wars have developed transnationally in Latin America. It reconstructs two cases of transnational diffusion of conspiracy theories, contrasting them with a case in which other master narratives prevailed. In the War of the Triple Alliance (1864–70) and the Chaco War (1932–35), conspiratorial interpretations of foreign designs gained momentum, reinforcing the image of victimization by external enemies. Such narratives downplayed the role of local political forces, as documented by historical research. Contrastingly, in the aftermath of the Pacific War (1879–83), conspiracy theories did not become the master narratives. The chapter discusses this variance in the transnational diffusion of conspiracy theories over Latin American wars.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116899949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Politics of Exclusion 排斥政治
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0005
L. Roniger
{"title":"The Politics of Exclusion","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter focuses on political exile, a mechanism of institutionalized exclusion of immense national and transnational impact across Latin America. It draws attention to the significance of forced territorial displacement as derived from the format of exclusionary citizenship and stresses the transnational implications of its recurrent presence and changing significance since early independent times and through the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Tracing the importance of exile in several respects—including its historical use, its role in the construction of transnational networks of solidarity and advocacy, and its contribution to the human rights discourse—the chapter suggests that the study of Latin American exile offers a unique perspective on processes of redefinition of collective identities and political visions. The study of exile also refocuses traditional readings of national histories on more regional, transnational, or even continental scales of analysis, as it is closely related to understanding the connection between state politics and struggles over citizenship that transcend the borders of individual nation-states.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132170103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Crystallization and Erosion of Transnational Solidarity 跨国团结的结晶与侵蚀
Transnational Perspectives on Latin America Pub Date : 2021-11-18 DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0009
L. Roniger
{"title":"The Crystallization and Erosion of Transnational Solidarity","authors":"L. Roniger","doi":"10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605318.003.0009","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter provides an interpretation of the regional “appeal” of the Pink Tide in Latin America and its more recent deceleration. It details the legitimation strategies of Hugo Chávez and Chavismo, the political project, movement, and regime led by Chávez, along with his regional allies and successors. The chapter suggests that in legitimizing that political project, Chávez addressed the expectations of wide sectors in the Americas, whose voice he claimed to express. By relying on long-existing visions of “Nuestramerican” (Our American) solidarity and providing material assistance to allies, he invigorated the sense of transnational connection for millions of people in the Americas. This layer of regime legitimacy also provided the basis for Chávez’s global realignment and served his foreign policy of defying the hegemony of the United States and its allies. The chapter reconstructs the rise and partial erosion of the encompassing narrative of transnational solidarity and its political implications for regional dynamics.","PeriodicalId":114028,"journal":{"name":"Transnational Perspectives on Latin America","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127431236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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