EClinicalMedicine最新文献

{"title":"Ethical issues in collecting data used in epidemiological studies.","authors":"Sanae Midorikawa, Akira Ohtsuru, Toru Takano, Vicki J Schnadig, Wendy A Rogers","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103058"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the letter of Midorikawa et al.","authors":"Hideto Takahashi, Seiji Yasumura, Kunihiko Takahashi, Tetsuya Ohira, Hiroki Shimura, Hitoshi Ohto, Satoru Suzuki, Shinichi Suzuki, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Satoshi Suzuki, Enbo Ma, Masanori Nagao, Susumu Yokoya, Kenji Kamiya","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103059"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post infectious fatigue and circadian rhythm disruption in long-COVID and other infections: a need for further research.","authors":"Achilleas Livieratos, Steven W Lockley, Sotirios Tsiodras","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2025.103073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) remains a subject of scientific research specifically with regards to its association with infections, including the more recently described Long COVID condition. Chronic fatigue and sleep disturbances in Long COVID are intricately linked to disruptions in circadian rhythms, driven by distinct molecular and cellular mechanisms triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection. This can be driven by various mechanisms including dysregulation of key clock genes (CLOCK, BMAL1, PER2), mitochondrial dysfunction impairing oxidative phosphorylation, and cytokine-induced neuroinflammation (e.g., interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha). Epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation at clock-related loci, particularly in peripheral tissues, further contribute to systemic circadian dysregulation. This work underscores the multifaceted molecular and systemic disruptions to circadian regulation in relation to fatigue and sleep disturbances identified as post-infectious sequelae, focusing on the Long COVID condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103073"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are school-based violence prevention interventions inclusive and effective for children with disabilities? A systematic review of global evidence.","authors":"Emily Eldred, Karen Devries, Anja Zinke-Allmang, Rizwana Mallick, Waliyah Mughis, Lena Morgon Banks, Amiya Bhatia","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children with disabilities are twice as likely to experience violence compared to peers without disabilities. While evaluations of school-based interventions targeting the prevention of violence against children in schools are growing in number, it is unclear whether these interventions are inclusive of, or effective for, children with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched six databases (Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, Web of Science) and utilised professional networks to identify systematic reviews which included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of school-based violence prevention interventions up to May 2024. Once we identified our final sample of systematic reviews (n = 29) we hand searched the included papers within these reviews and included all RCTs of school-based violence prevention interventions. We applied criteria to assess disability inclusion and conducted a narrative synthesis of study characteristics, adaptations to intervention and/or data collection design, and effect estimates. We assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. This review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023463384).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>We identified 160 articles of school-based violence prevention interventions. Of these, 13 articles reporting on 10 trials (8.13%) explicitly mentioned disability: 3/10 trials reported on the magnitude of intervention effects among children with disabilities; 4/10 trials mentioned adaptations to research or intervention design to include children with disabilities; 6/10 trials mentioned disability as part of the sample characteristics but did not report further sub-group analysis. 3 trials were effective in reducing violence in schools for children with disabilities, with risk of bias ranging from 'low' (n = 1) to 'some concerns' (n = 2).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Despite growing evidence on how to prevent school violence, there is limited research on the effect of such interventions for children with disabilities. There is a need for future evaluations to stratify effects by disability, conduct disability-inclusive research, and tailor interventions for children with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>This research was partially funded by the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office under the PENDA project (PO8073).</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103060"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalizations in people with down syndrome across age groups: a population-based cohort study in Switzerland.","authors":"Pascal Gaechter, Fahim Ebrahimi, Alexander Kutz, Gabor Szinnai","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with Down syndrome suffer from multiple associated diseases. However, knowledge on rates and causes of hospitalizations is limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This population-based cohort study used national hospital claims data in Switzerland between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2020. Included were hospitalizations of people aged 0-90 years. People with Down syndrome were identified using ICD-10-GM code Q90 and were compared to the general population. The primary outcome was the hospitalization rate. Secondary outcomes were the primary reasons for hospitalizations, secondary diagnoses, and in-hospital outcomes. Analyses were stratified by three age groups: neonates and infants (0-12 months), children and adolescents (1-17 years), and adults (18-90 years). We calculated incidence rates, risk ratios (RR), and regression coefficients with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among 9,992,538 hospitalizations, 5697 were identified for people with Down syndrome. Hospitalization rate for people with Down syndrome was highest in the first two years of life. In the total general population, it was highest in adults beyond 60 years. Primary reasons for hospitalization among people with Down syndrome were classified as diagnoses of the circulatory system (neonates and infants: RR 13.3 [95% CI 12.0-14.6], children and adolescents: RR 3.3 [95% CI 2.7-3.9]), and infectious diseases (adults: RR 4.0 [95% CI 3.7-4.2]). At birth, individuals with Down syndrome typically had an average of six diagnoses, a number that the general population reaches, on average, by the age of 69. People with Down syndrome experienced worse in-hospital outcomes, including longer stays in both the hospital and intensive care unit by a factor of 1.7 and a higher all-cause in-hospital mortality by an overall rate difference of 1.9%.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>The findings underscore the medical complexity of hospitalized people with Down syndrome and emphasize the need for a comprehensive, age-inclusive approach to improve in-hospital outcomes and anticipate emergency hospitalizations across age groups.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Kantonsspital Aarau AG.</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103062"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The 65th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting in 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103063"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor about the article \"The association between hypoalbuminemia and risk of death due to cancer and vascular disease in individuals aged 65 years and older: findings from the prospective Moli-sani cohort study\" (Di Castelnuovo et al., 2024).","authors":"Stefanie Marek-Iannucci, Francesco Fedele","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"102949"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143079049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalisations and length of stays in women with endometriosis: a data linkage prospective cohort study.","authors":"Dereje G Gete, Annette J Dobson, Grant W Montgomery, Mohammad R Baneshi, Jenny Doust, Gita D Mishra","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Women with endometriosis have more hospitalisations compared to those without the condition. However, no longitudinal study has examined hospital admission rates and lengths of stay before and after diagnosis. We examined all-cause hospital admissions and lengths of stay among women with, versus without, endometriosis, and before, versus after, diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 13,501 women of reproductive age, born in 1973-78. The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health survey data linked to administrative health records was used to identify women with endometriosis. Hospital admission rates and length of stays were examined using hospital records of patients admitted up to 2022. Analysis was conducted using mixed-effects zero-inflated negative binomial models.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Women with endometriosis were more likely to be admitted to hospitals compared to those without the condition, with an adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR) of 2.11 (95% CI: 1.83-2.43) for admissions per year. However, they had shorter hospital stays (IRR: 0.90; 0.81-0.99) for days per year and were more often discharged on the same day (odds ratio: 1.27; 1.20-1.33). Post-diagnosis, women experienced more hospitalisations and more days in hospital compared to their pre-diagnosis (IRR: 1.52; 1.22-1.88) and (IRR: 1.81; 1.53-2.14), respectively. Consistent findings were found for women with surgically confirmed or clinically suspected endometriosis.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>The higher number of hospitalisations among women with endometriosis, compared to those without, highlights the substantial burden of the condition on healthcare utilisation. The persistent frequent hospitalisations and longer stays post-diagnosis indicate recurrent endometriosis, posing significant management challenges.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>The Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health is funded by the Australian Government Department of Health and Aged Care. GDM and GWM are Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Leadership Fellows (GNT2009577 and GNT1177194).</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103030"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11934863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A core outcome set for maternal and neonatal health research and surveillance of emerging and ongoing epidemic threats (MNH-EPI-COS): a modified Delphi-based international consensus.","authors":"Verónica Pingray, Karen Klein, Juan Pedro Alonso, María Belizan, Magdalena Babinska, Jackeline Alger, Hellen C Barsosio, Kara Blackburn, Olufunke Bolaji, Courtney Carson, Sofia Castiglioni, Daniele De Luca, Sangappa Dhaded, Cyril Engmann, María Fernanda Escobar Vidarte, Ramón Escuriet, Edna Kara, Caron Rahn Kim, Marian Knight, Smaragda Lamprianou, Maria Margarita Lota, Silke Mader, Lola Madrid, Alessandra L Marcone, Agustina Mazzoni, Rangel Mirna Montenegro, Rose Mukisa-Bisoborwa, Flor M Munoz, Uduak Okomo, Pius Okong, Vanesa Ortega, Florencia A Salva, David A Schwartz, Tavitiya Sudjaritruk, Laura Yates, Manal Younus, Noreen Zafar, Olufemi T Oladapo, Mabel Berrueta, Mercedes Bonet","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Disease outbreaks significantly affect maternal and neonatal health. Variability in reporting health outcomes hinder evidence generation. We aimed to develop a core outcome set (COS) for maternal and neonatal health research and surveillance during emerging and ongoing epidemic threats and to agree on outcomes' definitions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of observational and experimental studies related to epidemics to identify outcomes, and a four-stage modified-Delphi consensus. 150 international stakeholders participated in online surveys, and 24 representatives in consensus meetings. The panels were diverse, with balanced representation of professional background, gender, and geography, including civil society representatives. Outcome were included if ≥ 80% of participants scored them as critically important and ≤10% rated them as not important.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The final COS includes seven main maternal outcomes-pregnancy outcome, maternal death, suspected symptomatic infection, confirmed infection, severe disease, preterm delivery, mode of birth; seven complementary maternal outcomes-antepartum haemorrhage, postpartum haemorrhage, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, maternal sepsis, admission to intensive care unit/special units, respiratory support, depression and anxiety; 11 main neonatal outcomes-neonatal death, neonatal suspected symptomatic infection, confirmed infection, severe disease, vertical transmission, low birth weight, prematurity, congenital disorder, respiratory support, skin-to-skin contact, breastfeeding; and, four complementary neonatal outcomes-admission to neonatal intensive care unit/special units, respiratory failure, birth asphyxia, sepsis.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>This COS could contribute to standardize maternal and neonatal outcomes selection and reporting in observational and experimental studies, facilitating efficient data comparison and timely evidence-based decision-making in the context of ongoing and emerging epidemic threats.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant INV-041181) and the UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP), a cosponsored programme executed by the World Health Organization (HQHRP2422779).</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"80 ","pages":"103025"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786750/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotyping among healthy adult populations in the United States and Europe: results from the PROGRESS (PRevalence of Oral hpv infection, a Global aSSessment) study.","authors":"Laia Alemany, Marisa Felsher, Anna R Giuliano, Tim Waterboer, Haitham Mirghani, Hisham Mehanna, Craig Roberts, Ya-Ting Chen, Núria Lara, Mark Lynam, Mayara Torres, Montse Pedrós, Emilio Sanchez, Jacque Spitzer, Bradley Sirak, Beatriz Quirós, Gema Carretero, Sonia Paytubi, Edith Morais, Miquel Angel Pavón","doi":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.103018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) is increasing in incidence, yet there are few well-designed oral HPV epidemiology studies in general populations. This study assessed oral HPV prevalence and risk-factors among a general population in Europe and the United States (US).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The cross-sectional study was conducted between November 2020 and July 2023 in 105 dental offices in France, Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom (UK) and US. Participants were aged 18-60 and visiting dental clinics for routine examination. Participants provided oral gargle specimen for HPV DNA and genotyping and completed behavioral questionnaires. HPV DNA detection and genotyping was performed using SPF10/DEIA/LiPA25 at central laboratories.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of 7674 participants, mean (SD) age was 40.0 (11.9), and 45.8% were males. Among men, any oral HPV prevalence ranged between countries from 6.6% to 15.0% and 1.8%-4.5% for high-risk (HR) types. Among women, any oral HPV prevalence ranged between countries from 3.6% to 6.8% and 0.2%-2.1% for HR types. HR infection among men was associated with older age (AOR 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06); marijuana use (AOR 1.92; 95% CI: 1.19-3.11); increasing number of lifetime female oral sex partners; and by country, residing in the UK compared to Spain (AOR 2.89; 95% CI: 1.30-6.43). HR infection among women was associated with lifetime marijuana use (AOR 2.33; 95% CI: 1.18-4.60) and by country, residing in France compared to Spain (AOR 4.46; 95% CI: 1.26-15.77).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Oral HPV burden was highest among older men who may be at risk of developing OPSCC.</p><p><strong>Funding: </strong>Funding for this research was provided by Merck Sharp & Dohme LLC, a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA.</p>","PeriodicalId":11393,"journal":{"name":"EClinicalMedicine","volume":"79 ","pages":"103018"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143078963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}