Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal最新文献_第2页

Happiness and the Quality of Government 幸福与政府质量

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2020-03-01 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3710415

J. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shun Wang

引用次数: 12

What Is Socialism Today? Conceptions of a Cooperative Economy 今天的社会主义是什么?合作经济的概念

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2020-01-21 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3524617

J. Roemer

{"title":"What Is Socialism Today? Conceptions of a Cooperative Economy","authors":"J. Roemer","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3524617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3524617","url":null,"abstract":"Socialism is back on the political agenda in the United States. Politicians and some economists who identify as socialists, however, do not discuss property relations, a topic that was central in the intellectual history of socialism, but rather limit themselves to advocacy of economic reforms, funded through taxation, that would tilt the income distribution in favor of the disadvantaged in society. In the absence of a more precise discussion of property relations, the presumption must be that ownership of firms would remain private or corporate with privately owned shares. This formula is identified with the Nordic and other western European social democracies. In this article, I propose several variants of socialism, which are characterized by different kinds of property relation in the ownership of society's firms. In addition to varying property relations, I include as part of socialism a conception of what it means for a socialist society to possess a cooperative ethos, in place of the individualistic ethos of capitalist society. Differences in ethea are modeled as differences in the manner in which economic agents optimize. With an individualistic ethos, economic agents optimize in the manner of John Nash, while under a cooperative ethos, many optimize in the manner of Immanuel Kant. It is shown that Kantian optimization can decentralize resource allocation in ways that neatly separate issues of income distribution from those of efficiency. In particular, remuneration of labor and capital contributions to production need no longer be linked to marginal-product pricing of these factors, as is the key to efficiency with capitalist property relations. I present simulations of socialist income distributions, and offer some tentative conclusions concerning how we should conceive of socialism today.","PeriodicalId":113748,"journal":{"name":"Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128480441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Of the People, by the People, for the People? The European Union’s Experience with Private Environmental Regulation and Enforcement 民有、民治、民享?欧盟在私人环境监管和执法方面的经验

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-12-12 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3502800

S. Kingston, Edwin Alblas

引用次数: 2

Group Incentives for the Public Good: A Field Experiment on Improving the Urban Environment 公共利益的群体激励:改善城市环境的实地实验

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.1596/1813-9450-9087

C. Newman, T. Mitchell, Marcus Holmlund, Chloë Fernandez

{"title":"Group Incentives for the Public Good: A Field Experiment on Improving the Urban Environment","authors":"C. Newman, T. Mitchell, Marcus Holmlund, Chloë Fernandez","doi":"10.1596/1813-9450-9087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-9087","url":null,"abstract":"How to effectively maintain communal spaces is an important concern in many developing countries, particularly in urban environments. But what strategies can communities use to overcome the public goods problems involved in maintaining their local environment? In this paper, we investigate whether changing the incentives for a subset of the community to contribute to the public good can lead to a shift to a more efficient equilibrium for the community as a whole. We use a randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of a program called “Operation Clean Neighborhood”, which targets established Community Based Organizations and encourages them, through social recognition and low-value in-kind incentives, to work towards keeping their neighborhoods clean, with the ultimate goal of also reducing flooding in these areas. After one year, we find that our intervention is effective in engaging communities and in improving the cleanliness of the neighborhood and also find evidence that this leads to reduced levels of flooding. We uncover important differences in the effectiveness of the program between areas which have had increased investment in drainage infrastructure and those which have not. In our analysis we also address the issue of spillovers, an important consideration in densely populated urban centers.","PeriodicalId":113748,"journal":{"name":"Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124622219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

'No Drugs in My Back Yard:' the Ambivalent Reception of Cannabis Retailers “我家后院没有毒品”:大麻零售商的矛盾态度

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-09-30 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3461820

L. M. Bruijn, Rafael P. Ribas

引用次数: 0

Between Ostrom and Nordhaus: The Research Landscape of Sustainability Economics 奥斯特罗姆与诺德豪斯之间:可持续经济学的研究格局

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-07-03 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3503315

Moritz A. Drupp, Stefan Baumgärtner, Moritz Meyer, M. Quaas, H. von Wehrden

{"title":"Between Ostrom and Nordhaus: The Research Landscape of Sustainability Economics","authors":"Moritz A. Drupp, Stefan Baumgärtner, Moritz Meyer, M. Quaas, H. von Wehrden","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3503315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3503315","url":null,"abstract":"We survey the emerging research area of sustainability economics through a quantitative full-text analysis of peer-reviewed journal publications from 1987 to 2013. To identify relevant contributions, we draw on existing definitions of sustainability economics for a keyword-based identification strategy: a combined focus on (a) the human-nature relationship, (b) the long-term uncertain future, (c) normative orientation towards sustainability, and (d) economic analysis. Our analysis of a random subsample of 343 relevant papers reveals that (i) sustainability economics is a rapidly developing research area; (ii) while theoretical contributions shaped the area in earlier years, applied work now constitutes the largest share of contributions; (iii) the research landscape can be clustered into eleven research clusters. These range from participatory governance of social-ecological systems associated with the work of Elinor Ostrom to questions of intertemporal allocation and distribution applied to climate economics associated with the work of William Nordhaus; (iv) the research area is broad in scope and heterogeneous, and there is relatively little interaction between important clusters; (v) relevant contributions are published in more than 100 journals. Ten journals publish half of all contributions, led by Ecological Economics, and 40% appear in non-economics journals, underscoring the importance of interdisciplinary dialogue.","PeriodicalId":113748,"journal":{"name":"Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129803595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Unravelling Hidden Inequities in a Universal Public Long-Term Care System 揭示普遍公共长期护理体系中隐藏的不公平现象

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-29 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3329198

Pilar García-Gómez, Helena M Hernández-Pizarro, G. López Casasnovas, J. Vidiella-Martin

引用次数: 1

The Limit of Evil: Effects of Inflation and Public Debt on Capital Market Development 邪恶的极限:通货膨胀和公共债务对资本市场发展的影响

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3330936

David Leung, Wenzhe Li, A. Wong, Jiayue Zhang

{"title":"The Limit of Evil: Effects of Inflation and Public Debt on Capital Market Development","authors":"David Leung, Wenzhe Li, A. Wong, Jiayue Zhang","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3330936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3330936","url":null,"abstract":"It is almost self-evident that capital markets can thrive only in a benign macroeconomic environment. What is often overlooked is that malign macro factors such as inflation and government debt, provided that they are kept under control, can have their bright sides. Previous studies typically presume that the impact of inflation or government debt on capital market development is monotonic, thus precluding the possibility that these factors could be beneficial within a certain limit or threshold. In this study, we take into account this possibility. Our study finds an inverted U-shaped relationship between inflation and the size of the stock market. Hence, inflation within a certain limit may act as a lubricant to the market and help lower the cost of capital in real terms. However, when inflation is too high, long-term investment decisions would be difficult, which is detrimental to stock market growth. An inverted U-shaped relationship is also found between the size of the government bond market and that of the corporate bond market. This suggests that public debt under a certain threshold can benefit corporate bond market development, supporting the notion that the sovereign yield curve plays an important role in pricing private sector debt securities. However, excessive public debt would stifle it.","PeriodicalId":113748,"journal":{"name":"Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128273466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Higher Education: Too Much of a (Potentially) Good Thing? 高等教育:好事太多(潜在的)?

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2019-01-10 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3313535

Omer Kimhi, Tammy Harel Ben-Shahar

{"title":"Higher Education: Too Much of a (Potentially) Good Thing?","authors":"Omer Kimhi, Tammy Harel Ben-Shahar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3313535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3313535","url":null,"abstract":"Recent decades have seen a dramatic expansion in higher education. Americans are accessing higher education at growing rates, at the undergraduate level and beyond. While this process is widely celebrated, this Article argues that the proliferation of higher education has, also, a dark side. Through a myriad of empirical evidence, we show that American higher education is plagued by an 'arms race'. Individuals acquire more education than is needed for performing their job or for personal growth, in order to gain an edge in a competitive job market. As people gain more education, employers become more selective, further fueling the educational arms-race. The Article argues that this arms-race is both socially wasteful and unjust. It is wasteful because enormous resources are invested by individuals and the public on higher education, without increasing work productivity or contributing to economic growth. It is unjust because it benefits those who can afford to study, while others are either forced to incur huge debt to fund education, or are left with low- paying menial jobs. The article then discusses several legal solutions aimed at mitigating the educational arms-race. The suggestions are designed to target only cases in which the expansion in higher education is indeed inefficient and unjust, rather than to restrict higher education generally. The first suggestion involves “banning the higher education box�?, namely considering higher education requirements discriminatory when they are unjustified by a business necessity and cause racial disparity. Second, we offer imposing a “Signaling Fee�? on employers upon hiring overeducated workers; and third we propose encouraging practices of lifelong learning and on-the-job-training. Adopting these (and perhaps other) measures is crucial for reversing the educational arms race and safeguarding higher education as the socially beneficial institution it should be.","PeriodicalId":113748,"journal":{"name":"Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116369042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Time Horizon of Government and Public Goods Investment: Evidence From Japan 政府与公共产品投资的时间跨度:来自日本的证据

Public Economics: Publicly Provided Goods eJournal Pub Date : 2018-12-20 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.3147815

J. Yamasaki

引用次数: 4