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Mung Seeds Under Constant Low Potential Difference During Post-Germination When Sprout Length Grows 发芽后在恒定低电位差条件下生长的绿豆种子的萌芽长度
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.a1036.102222
A. Ghorai
{"title":"Mung Seeds Under Constant Low Potential Difference During Post-Germination When Sprout Length Grows","authors":"A. Ghorai","doi":"10.54105/ijap.a1036.102222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.a1036.102222","url":null,"abstract":"Low potential difference 𝟎.𝟎𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕 𝟏.𝟓𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕, 𝟑.𝟎𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕, 𝟒.𝟓𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕, and 𝟔.𝟎𝑽𝒐𝒍𝒕 are applied during the growth of sprout length after germination and post-germination of mung seeds in open-air conditions. The sprout length decreases with an increase in potential difference and graphs show non-linear variations. Thus, this potential difference produces a negative impact on the sprout length elongation of seeds. The decrease in the sprout length may be due to lesser diffusion through the cell wall or due to the weakening of the activity of the other cell components leading to a slower rate of cell division. This may have an impact on the process of preservation of seeds.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":" 37","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139141375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biot-Savart Law for Determination of Speed of Particle Beyond the Speed of Light 确定超光速粒子速度的比奥-萨瓦定律
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2023-04-30 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.a1035.043123
C. B. Khadka
{"title":"Biot-Savart Law for Determination of Speed of Particle Beyond the Speed of Light","authors":"C. B. Khadka","doi":"10.54105/ijap.a1035.043123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.a1035.043123","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the modification of Biot-Savart law that thoroughly put to calculate magnetic field at any point in the space due to motion of charge in a complete circuit and further applies to determine velocity of particle faster than the speed of light. The modified Biot-Savart law provides complete mathematical result as given by ordinary Biot-Savart law, but most importantly, do not involve the need of derivative, integration of line element. In order to derive the relation ( among electric field ( magnetic field (( of electromagnetic wave, Biot-Savart law is given by formula B= , Where be angle between direction of velocity v of moving charge and position vector of given point where magnetic field has to be determined. This formula is applicable to address the question of how is it possible to achieve velocity of particle in excess of C and to open a discussion towards a new way of acquiring speed of particle beyond speed of light, namely C , Although, there is popular statement \"nothing can move faster than speed of light\". In this highly controversial statement, the specific purpose is not to comprises the merits of existing Biot-Savart law, but rather to introduce a concise and careful reasoned account of Biot-Savart law to propagate particle faster than speed of light.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131956594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Redefinition of De-Broglie Wavelength Associated with Material Particle 与材料粒子相关的德布罗意波长的重新定义
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.c1020.041322
C. B. Khadka
{"title":"Redefinition of De-Broglie Wavelength Associated with Material Particle","authors":"C. B. Khadka","doi":"10.54105/ijap.c1020.041322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.c1020.041322","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the work is to reveal the Association of special theory of relativity with De-Broglie wavelength of a particle. It shows that wave nature of a particle is always associated with it's relativistic properties. The phenomena of interference, diffraction and polarization of light can only be explained on the basis of wave theory of light. These phenomena show that light possesses wave nature. However, certain phenomena like photoelectric effect, Compton effect and discrete emission and absorption of radiation can only be explained on the basis of quantum theory. According to this theory , light propagates in a small packets or quanta and behave like corpuscles or particle. This shows that light possesses particle nature. thus, we can say that light possesses dual nature. The matter also possesses the same dual nature. In order to have wave nature, the particle must satisfy the equation Where m denotes the mass of particle when it is moving with certain velocity. h=6.62x10-34is the plank's constant. C is the velocity of light in free space. This shows that wavelength of a material Particle depends on mass. When mathematical operation is done on above equation, it give complete quantitative properties about the wave nature of a particle.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127483588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Study of PEM Fuel Cell for Different Cell Temperature 不同电池温度下PEM燃料电池的研究
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.a1038.042122
Rohit Gupta, Mohit Gupta, Dr. Brijendra Kumar Sharma
{"title":"Study of PEM Fuel Cell for Different Cell Temperature","authors":"Rohit Gupta, Mohit Gupta, Dr. Brijendra Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.54105/ijap.a1038.042122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.a1038.042122","url":null,"abstract":"Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are considered an eco-friendly, highly efficient, and pollution-free alternative energy source. Due to their outstanding properties, these are used in stationary and transport applications like wild areas, military, space missions, the auto sector, and a few others. Therefore outstanding properties refer to the PEM fuel cells as a future alternative energy source. In this work, the serpentine membrane has been analyzed under different temperatures, and compared with experimental data and previous works. The results show that cell temperature is affected by cell voltage and power density. The cell voltage and power density are decreased with increased temperature and are much clear from the polarization curve. The overall investigations have suggested that the study of the thermal effect on PEM fuel cells provided good results, and the study made it more promising and could enhance its performance.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129485815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relative Nature of Electric Permittivity and Magnetic Permeability of Electromagnetic Wave 电磁波的介电常数与磁导率的相对性质
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.c1021.041322
C. B. Khadka
{"title":"Relative Nature of Electric Permittivity and Magnetic Permeability of Electromagnetic Wave","authors":"C. B. Khadka","doi":"10.54105/ijap.c1021.041322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.c1021.041322","url":null,"abstract":"This research is about the special theory of relativity on electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of electromagnetic wave. For this, Four Maxwell's electromagnetic equations play an important role. James Clerk Maxwell suggested that the light travel as electromagnetic wave which require no material medium for propagation. The speed of light (C) in free space is always constant and is independent of the speed of source or observer or the relative motion of the inertial system and has velocity 'C' given by . So velocity of electromagnetic waves depend on obsolute magnetic permeability and obsolute electric permittivity of free space. These two physical quantities rely on relative motion of inertial system. So are not obsolute quantity but are dependent upon the relative motion between the observer and the phenomenon observed. Electric and magnetic field of a charge rely upon the value of obsolute electric permittivity of medium. Concisely, are variant quantity. Consequently electric and magnetic field get relative for electromagnetic wave. That is electric and magnetic field depend on relative motion of inertial system for electromagnetic waves.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"208 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130376297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Mass Accretion During the Motion of Raindrops 雨滴运动过程中的质量吸积
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2022-04-10 DOI: 10.54105/ijap.c1019.041322
S. Dey, A. Ghorai
{"title":"Mass Accretion During the Motion of Raindrops","authors":"S. Dey, A. Ghorai","doi":"10.54105/ijap.c1019.041322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54105/ijap.c1019.041322","url":null,"abstract":"Exploration of dynamics of raindrops is one of the simple yet most complicated mechanical problems. Mass accretion from moist air during the motion of raindrop through resistive medium holds an arbitrary power law equation. Its integral part is the change of shape, terminal motions and terminal solutions, etc. Classical Newtonian formalism is used to formulate a mathematical model of generalized first order differential equation. We have discussed about the terminal velocity of raindrop and its variation with the extensive use of python program and library. It is found that terminal velocity 𝐯𝐓𝐜𝛂𝛃 is achieved within 20 seconds where 𝛂=, 𝛃=(𝟎,𝟏) and 𝐧=𝟎,𝟏,𝟐,𝟑,𝟒,…. Its variations due to mass accretion roughly follows the earlier predicted range 𝐠/𝟕 to 𝐠/𝟑.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125669470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inactivation of Airborne Viruses using Newly Designed Emitron 用新设计的电子管灭活空气传播病毒
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2022-04-10 DOI: 10.35940/ijap.c1017.041322
R. K, C. K., R. Mane
{"title":"Inactivation of Airborne Viruses using Newly Designed Emitron","authors":"R. K, C. K., R. Mane","doi":"10.35940/ijap.c1017.041322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/ijap.c1017.041322","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the current research is to validate the microbiological quality of Emitron against MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds. Unimech healthcare designed PMEE based Emitron which is mostly used to reduce the microbial count and virus count in an area. To perform microbiological testing of the Emitron, environmental monitoring was performed for MS2 phage, Corona virus, bacteria, yeast, and molds before and after treatment by settle plate method. Petri plates of sterilized Phage agar, SCDA and PDA media were prepared and exposed for environment monitoring before and after treatment by settle plate method. The phage agar and SCDA plates were incubated at 37°C for 72 hours and PDA plates incubated at 25°C for 5 days. Total of 99% reduction was reported in microbiology lab with respect to the microorganisms after installing Emitron. We can conclude that the Unimech healthcare’s Emitron is virus attenuation device so one can use it to purify the air and kill the viruses, bacteria, fungi, and other microbes.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123863421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Brief Insight on Simulation and Space-Time 浅谈仿真与时空
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2021-10-10 DOI: 10.35940/IJAP.B1009.101221
Reyan Kumar Sapkota
{"title":"A Brief Insight on Simulation and Space-Time","authors":"Reyan Kumar Sapkota","doi":"10.35940/IJAP.B1009.101221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJAP.B1009.101221","url":null,"abstract":"Throughout most of human history, events and phenomena of interest have been characterized using space and time as their major characteristic dimensions, in either absolute or relative conceptualizations. Space–Time analysis seeks to understand when and where (and sometimes why) things occur. Ever since Einstein introduced this topic in his “General Theory of Relativity” (a remarkable feat) in 1915, many explanations, assumptions about Space-Time have been published. The authentic archives of Space-Time have helped us to predict and express the ongoing spatial phenomena of the Universe. The strangeness of Space-Time forces Young Researchers and Physicists to study upon the current predictions and theories, sink into the ocean of Space-Time mystery and come up with their own predictions. Besides Space-Time, the predictions about us being in a Simulation is a recent concept. Nick Bostrom’s trilemma “the Simulation argument”, published in 2003 led to the commencement of further oddly satisfying, real life evidence enriched, research papers. “Two possibilities exist: either we are alone in the Universe or we are not. Both are equally terrifying.”- by Andrew C Clarke. Throughout the paper, the Loaf Space-Time model and brief insights on other hypotheses about the structure of the mysterious space-time will be presented with insightful examples, authentic research outcomes, which will be linked with the Simulation Hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133930915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variation of Energy Density and Mass Density of Photon with Wavelength 光子能量密度和质量密度随波长的变化
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2021-10-10 DOI: 10.35940/IJAP.B1003.101221
S. Dhobi, K. Yadav, B. Karki
{"title":"Variation of Energy Density and Mass Density of Photon with Wavelength","authors":"S. Dhobi, K. Yadav, B. Karki","doi":"10.35940/IJAP.B1003.101221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJAP.B1003.101221","url":null,"abstract":"The mass density and energy density of visible photon is calculated as 10-8 Kgm-3 and 109jm3 respectively. Moreover it is also observed that mass density and energy density of photon depend upon photons mass, wavelength, volume and energy. This is clear from figure 1, figure 2 and literatures. Therefore the mass density and energy density of photon varies with masses of photon, wavelength, volume, etc.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"70 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127264040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
D-Medium Control the Temperature of Electron Inside and Outside the Atom 介质控制着原子内外电子的温度
Indian Journal of Advanced Physics Pub Date : 2021-04-10 DOI: 10.35940/IJAP.B1007.041121
S. Dhobi, R. Subedi, Keshab Ghimire, Deepak Kharel, S. Ghimire
{"title":"D-Medium Control the Temperature of Electron Inside and Outside the Atom","authors":"S. Dhobi, R. Subedi, Keshab Ghimire, Deepak Kharel, S. Ghimire","doi":"10.35940/IJAP.B1007.041121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35940/IJAP.B1007.041121","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this work is to show the presence of D medium and the presence of this medium to control the temperature of an electron inside or outside the atom. For this, some mathematical model developed in [1], work for temperature with velocity was developed and presence of D-Medium inside atom described [2]. On interconnecting temperature and D-Medium, the concept of D-medium generated and shows that D-medium surrounded the electron in all cases (free, inside an atom, or other), this medium controls the temperature of the electron. Hence temperature of an electron depends upon the D-medium either inside an atom or outside the atom. The penetration of a specific photon through this medium also increases the temperature of the electron because the electron is composed of sub-electronic particles.","PeriodicalId":113700,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Advanced Physics","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115447683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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