I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence, Predictors and Morphological Patterns of Acanthosis Nigricans Between Obese Non-diabetic Patients on Second Generation Antipsychotics Versus Non-obese Insulin Dependent Diabetes mellitus: A Nested Case-Control Study","authors":"","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj95519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj95519","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: There is no study in literature for analyzing acanthosis nigricans (AN) in psychotropic induced obesity or hypercholesterolemia. \u0000AIM: To assess the prevalence and explore the predictors and morphological patterns in AN in patients on antipsychotics induced hypercholesterolemia versus those with diabetes mellitus. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: 491 schizophrenia patients on second generation antipsychotics were screened. 26 out of 491 patients have AN and cholesterol 200 mg/dl but non-diabetic. We used MannWhitney U-test, Pearsons 2 test, Fischer Exact and Spearmans correlation coefficient. \u0000RESULTS: In the group of antipsychotics induced hypercholesterolemia having developed AN in 5.29% (26 out of 491) of individuals, we observed significance of Burkes knuckle (p 0.001), knee (p = 0.002), elbow (p = 0.042) compared to patients without hypercholesterolemia. Interestingly Burkes neck severity (p 0.001), neck texture (p = 0.001) and axilla (p = 0.007) index also showed marked differences on MannWhitney U-test and Wilcoxson W-test. On Spearmans correlation coefficient antipsychotics induced hypercholesterolemia was found to affect most positively and significantly as the emergence of AN specifically for neck texture ( = 0.413, p = 0.003) compared to other bodily regions. \u0000CONCLUSION: About 5.29% prevalence of AN in the group having obesity secondary to psychotropic drugs which was significantly less than what even non-obese, insulin dependent diabetic patients who almost had 13.55% prevalence, close to three times. This suggests that diabetes is strongly linked with occurrence of AN lesions and might reflect the continuity in the paradigm of metabolic syndrome as its definitive predictor of severity while obesity is the initiation of phase shift in the process.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131236307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two Rare Anatomical Variants of Femoral Triangle Vessels in One Patient: Case Report","authors":"R. Kalinin, I. Suchkov, E. A. Klimentova, I. N. Shanayev, R. M. Khashumov, V. S. Korbut","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj109525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj109525","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The upper third of thigh the area of the femoral triangle, or Scarpas triangle, is of great importance both in anatomy and vascular surgery. It is the place of passage of the main vessels of the lower extremities: the femoral artery, femoral vein and their largest tributaries which are easily accessible in this region due to their superficial location. To note, in the vascular surgery, the femoral vessels are divided to common and superficial ones depending on the level of their location relative to deep femoral vessels. This division is extremely important in the functional aspect, since deep femoral vessels may significantly compensate for the blood flow in case of impaired patency of the superficial femoral vessels. Besides, an important tributary of the common femoral vein is the great saphenous vein forming saphenofemoral junction. Classic anatomy describes vessels of the upper third of thigh as single trunks with permanent topography. At the same time, in the literature there are commonly encountered reports of duplication of the superficial femoral vein, two trunks of the deep femoral artery, and relatively rare reports of atypical saphenofemoral junctions (about 0.02%). The work describes anatomical variants of the FT vessels in one patient: atypical saphenofemoral junction on the right and duplication of the common femoral vein on the left, two trunks of the deep femoral artery on both sides. \u0000CONCLUSION: The anatomical variants of FT vessels described in the article, are rare. It is important that clinicians know about them to avoid errors in diagnosis or surgical treatment.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123111959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Overall Survival Rate of Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Depending on Choice of Treatment, Location of Primary Focus and RAS Genes Mutation Status","authors":"Nikolay P. Shiryayev, S. Cheporov, Viktor N. Malashenkо, Yuliya A. Kesel'man, Anastasiya E. Akimova, Valeriya V. Milafetnova","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj108986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj108986","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Morbidity with colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Yaroslavl region (YR) accounts for 13.4% of all cases identified in 2021, and ranks third after skin cancer and lung cancer. In the mortality structure, CRC makes 14.2% and is the second leading cause of death. Locally advanced and metastatic forms of the tumor process are identified in more than half the patients. \u0000AIM: To evaluate the overall survival rate of patients with metastatic CRC (mCRC) in the territory of the YR depending on the volume of surgical treatment, chemo- and targeted treatment regimens and the presence of RAS genes mutations. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the base of the Yaroslavl Regional Clinical Oncology Hospital, the data of 291 patients with mCRC who underwent treatment in the period from 2015 to 2022, were analyzed. The mean age of patients was 63.0 8.6 years. There were 52% of men (n = 151), and 48% of women (n = 140). The patients were divided to two groups depending on the status of RAS genes mutations: group I (n = 145) patients with the identified mutation; group II (n = 146) patients with wild-type mutation. The patients were additionally divided to three subgroups depending on the type of treatment: subgroup A (58.1%; n = 169) removal of the primary focus (PF) in combination with antitumor chemotherapy (CT); subgroup B (31.6%; n = 92) CT without surgical treatment; subgroup C (10.3%; n = 30) removal of the PF and resection of liver metastases in combination with CT. \u0000RESULTS: The overall survival rate (OSR) depending on the type of treatment was in subgroup A 21.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.6-23.3) months; in subgroup B 11.2 (95% CI 9.912.5) months; in subgroup C 21.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 18.623.3) months. OSR with RAS mutation: in subgroup 1A 17.7 (95% CI 13.821.7) months; in subgroup IB 11.1 (95% CI 8.313.2) months; in subgroup IC 13.2 (95% CI 4.0722.7) months. OSR with wild-type mutation: subgroup IIA: Cetuximab 33.6 (95% CI 26.740.4) months, Panitumumab 23.8 (95% CI 19.727.9) months (p = 0.01); subgroup IIB: Cetuximab 22.3 (95% CI 17.027.5) months, Panitumumab 15.2 (95% CI 10.719.6) months (p = 0.012); subgroup IIC: Cetuximab 27.5 (95% CI 17.837.1) months, Panitumumab 38.8 (95% CI 13.963.6) months (p = 0.013). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: In patients with mutation in RAS genes, the best OSR values were noted in case of surgical removal of the PF in combination with palliative drug therapy. In patients with wild-type mutation of RAS genes the best OSR parameters were recorded in surgical removal of the PF and of metastases in the liver in combination with palliative polyCT and Panitumumab. The lowest OSR was found in the subgroup of patients with use of CT without surgical treatment in the presence of RAS mutation. High OSR parameters were found with mutation in G13codon, and with use of surgical treatment with mutation in A146 codon.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122529091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognosis for Patients after Pulmonary Embolism and its Determining Factors (Results of 12-Month Follow-Up)","authors":"Yuliya V. Terekhovskaya, N. E. K. Akhmedova, D. I. Leonenko, N. N. Nikulina","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj165196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj165196","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a cardiovascular disease with high mortality: according to autopsy data, PE is the cause of death in every tenth deceased person. Despite a relatively long history of studying PE, the literature data on this problem are scattered, incomplete and often do not represent the Russian population. \u0000AIM: To evaluate 12-month survival rate of patients after a past episode of PE and to establish predictors of fatal outcome. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The work was carried out within the Russian SIRENA register. The study included 107 patients (age median and interquartile range 63 (5274) years), who underwent inpatient treatment in Regional Clinical Cardiologic Dispensary of Ryazan (hospitalization from 01.05.2018 to 31.05.2019; inclusion period 13 months). In the period of hospitalization, the information was taken from the data of medical records and objective examinations, and after the discharge through telephone control. Follow-up period from the moment of hospitalization was 12 months; response 84.5%. \u0000RESULTS: The 12-month survival rate of patients with PE was 77.1%; recurrence of venous thromboembolism developed in 6.5% of patients, bleeding in 22.4% of patients. The only statistically significant predictor of the development of a fatal outcome after discharge from hospital was the presence of cancer, including that in history (relative risk (RR) 4.4; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.414.5; p = 0.014). The leading predictors of death from the moment of hospitalization within 12 months were high risk based on the integral assessment of severity and of early death risk (RR 9.9; 95% CI 1.279.5; p = 0.031), age 65 years (RR 5.1; 95% CI 1.715.2; p = 0.003), hospitalization with other than PE primary diagnosis (RR 4.5; 95% CI 1.910.8; p = 0.001), impaired filtration function of kidneys (RR 4.3; 95% CI 1.711.1; p = 0.003). Besides, a statistically significant increase in the risk of death during this period was associated with history of atherosclerotic diseases, stroke, heart failure, oncology, hemodynamic instability in the acute period, the need for loop diuretics during hospitalization and the presence of S1Q3 syndrome. \u0000CONCLUSION: The mortality rate of patients with PE in one of the regional vascular centers of Ryazan in 20182019 generally agrees with the data of the previous international studies. The leading predictors of fatal outcome within 12 months from the moment of hospitalization include a severe condition of a patient at the time of hospitalization, age 65 years, untimely diagnosis of PE and reduction of filtration function of kidneys.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126053449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphologic, Hemostasiologic and Hemostatic Aspects of Systemic Application of Exogenous Fibrin Monomer in Model of Posttraumatic Bleeding with Underlying Intake of Warfarin","authors":"V. M. Vdovin, I. Shakhmatov, I. Bobrov, D. Orekhov, Vyacheslav V. Teryayev, V. E. Chernus', A. Momot","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj108736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj108736","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Earlier, an ability of exogenous fibrin monomer (FM) introduced at low doses to considerably limit posttraumatic blood loss was established by us on an experimental model of warfarin coagulopathy in vivo. However, the morphologic peculiarities of fibrin formation in the wound area were not considered. \u0000AIM: To compare morphologic, hemostasiologic and hemostatic data based on the results of systemic application of exogenous FM to interpret their effects in the model of posttraumatic bleeding with the underlying intake of warfarin. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the work, Chinchilla male rabbits were used. A comparative analysis of hemostasiologic effects and of morphologic picture of the surface of the liver in the wound area was conducted after a dosed trauma, with a preliminary systemic introduction of FM (0.25 mg/kg intravenously) or a concentrate of prothrombin complex factors (40 IU/kg intravenously) with the underlying intake of warfarin by animals (0.40.5 mg/kg/day per os for 2 weeks). \u0000RESULTS: Introduction of FM in warfarinised animals in the conditions of a dosed experimental liver injury promoted a hemostatic effect comparable with that of a concentrate of prothrombin complex factors. Both hemostatic drugs led to intense fibrin formation that reduced posttraumatic blood loss. The use of FM was associated with increase in the thickness of thrombotic deposits and fibrin fibers in the wound surface in comparison with placebo by 4.0 and 1.6 times, respectively (р 0.000001). This process actively involved platelets, which led to 1.7 times reduction of their quantity in the lumen of the blood vessels in the wound vicinity (р 0.0002). No effect of FM on systemic hemostatic reactions in venous blood was found, in contrast to concentrate of prothrombin complex factors. \u0000CONCLUSION: Exogenous FM can produce a local hemostatic effect in the conditions of dosed experimental trauma and coagulopathy induced by warfarin intake. The hemostatic effect was mediated by intense thrombosis on the wound surface with the active recruitment of platelets in the process. The peculiarities of the demonstrated effects of FM may be mediated though the mechanisms of its action that have not yet been identified, which necessitates continuation of the research in this direction.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126380385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suture Failure of Duodenum after Surgery for Complications of Duodenal Ulcer","authors":"K. P. Pashkin, Aleksandr A. Natal’skiy, E. V. Motyrova, I. A. Lun’kov, V. I. Matrosov, D. V. Mishin, O. D. Peskov","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj110861","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj110861","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The incidence of failure of intestinal sutures in the early postoperative period reaches 26%. The failure of the duodenal sutures leads to formation of high duodenal fistulas, the treatment of which is one of the most complicated surgical tasks. The article describes a clinical case of failure of duodenal suture after surgery for a duodenal ulcer complicated with bleeding. The failure of the duodenal suture could be provoked by hypoproteinemia and anemia, despite the attempts of their compensation. The presented case demonstrates complexity of the clinical course of this pathology and the possibility of successful application of draining surgery with creation of a controllable duodenal fistula, the subsequent healing of which led to recovery of the patient. To create the controllable duodenal fistula, we used a method of external-internal triple drainage of the duodenal zone (retrograde duodenostomy, gastroenteroanastomosis with a short loop, nasogastral probe). At the initial stage, after surgery, the patient received full parenteral feeding, after restoration of the intestinal peristalsis, feeding was continued through a nasointestinal probe. Infusion therapy, transfusion of blood components were conducted, drugs suppressing gastric and pancreatic secretion, were used. On the 35th postoperative day, the discharge through the duodenal fistula and the nasogastral probe significantly decreased, and completely stopped on the 54th day (immediately after X-ray of stomach with barium sulfate as contrast substance). The patient was discharged with improvement for outpatient follow-up at the place of residence on the 60th day after surgery. In the follow-up period no complaints, good appetite, rapid gaining of weight, complete rehabilitation. In one-year follow-up, no long-term complications and consequences for health were observed. \u0000CONCLUSION: A choice of the surgical treatment method of duodenal suture failure remains a subject of discussion. In the presented clinical case, draining surgery with creation of a controllable duodenal fistula proved to be effective. The complete closure of the residual fistula of the duodenum was facilitated by stomach X-ray with use of barium sulfate.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129555373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of Brain Hemodynamics and Heart Rhythm Variability in Young Men in Performing Modeled Cognitive Activity with Unequal Effectiveness","authors":"P. A. Kulagin, M. Lapkin, E. Trutneva","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj109281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj109281","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Purposeful cognitive brain activity of an individual depends on blood supply to the cells of the cerebral cortex (CC), and on their autonomic innervation. \u0000AIM: To identify peculiarities of the brain hemodynamics and heart rhythm variability (HRV) in young men performing cognitive tasks with unequal effectiveness. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 42 practically healthy young men (mean age 19.40 1.20 years). The brain hemodynamics was studied using Reo-Spektr-2 rheograph (Neurosoft, Russia) in the initial condition of relative rest and in modeled purposeful cognitive activity. Synchronously with record of rheoencephalogram, rhythmocardiogram was recorded using Varicard 2.51 hardware-software complex (Ramena, Russia). Purposeful cognitive activity was modeled in Physiotest program for psychophysiological studies with use of behavioral model: Schulte Table Test in a two-color SchulteGorbov modification. In statistical data processing, cluster and correlation analyses were used. \u0000RESULTS: Based on the effectiveness of SchulteGorbov Table Test, the sample of subjects was divided to two clusters (n = 28 and n = 14). Comparison of clusters in the initial condition of relative physiological rest and during cognitive activity revealed differences in rheoencephalographic parameters, which reflects unequal hemodynamic supply of the brain in representatives of the given clusters. Differences in HRV parameter were found reflecting the different levels of tension of adaptation mechanisms in the initial condition and in cognitive activity. The results of the correlation analysis demonstrated different dependence between the parameters of rheoencephalogram, HRV and parameters of the effectiveness of Schulte-Gorbov Test in representatives of different clusters. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: (1) High-effective subjects are characterized by shorter time of propagation of the rheographic wave and longer time of slow blood filling of the right vertebral artery basin, and by higher rheographic index asymmetry coefficient in the basin of the left internal carotid artery and of vertebral arteries of both hemispheres during cognitive activity compared to low-effective subjects. (2) Physiological support of purposeful activity of an individual with unequal effectiveness of salvation of cognitive tasks is characterized not only by different levels of brain hemodynamics and activity of autonomic regulatory mechanisms, but also by certain type of correlation relationships of these parameters with parameters of purposeful behavior, in particular, with the total time of fulfilment of the task and efficiency coefficient.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116035617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Peculiarities of Puberty Period of Adolescents Whose Mothers Were Under High Risk of Terroristic Attack","authors":"Kepiya T. Temirkhanova, L. Deryagina, E. D. Pyatibrat, A. O. Pyatibrat","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj106328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj106328","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The importance of the study is determined by increasing instability of the society and involvement of civilian population in military conflicts. \u0000AIM: To determine peculiarities of sexual development of adolescents whose mothers experienced life-threatening stress in the period preceding pregnancy. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate the evidence of the secondary sexual signs, hormonal status, anthropometric data and immunity parameters, 2,980 medical records and data of preventive examinations of schoolchildren of the Republic of Dagestan were analyzed. The observation group included 1,416 schoolchildren whose mothers experienced a life-threatening mental trauma, and the control group included 1,564 adolescents whose mothers did not face life-threatening situations. \u0000RESULTS: The data of a comparative analysis of the regulation of physiological development of sons of women who suffered a life-threatening mental trauma, show multidirectional changes in the concentration of gonadotropic hormones with higher concentrations of estrogens, low levels of androgens, manifested by retardation of the formation of secondary sexual signs, reduced physical strength and endurance in puberty in comparison with boys of the control group. Daughters of mothers who experienced a life-threatening stress, in contrast to girls of the control group, were characterized in puberty by higher levels of luteinizing, follicle-stimulating hormones, earlier development of mammary glands and growth of pubic hair. At the same time, in transition from the prepubertal to pubertal period, these girls were characterized by earlier reduction of the activity of adrenal cortex in these girls, early menarche in the pubertal period and retardation of stabilization of the menstrual cycle rhythm. \u0000CONCLUSION: The adolescents being the offspring of women, who experienced a psychogenic life-threatening trauma, are characterized by disorders in physiologic maturation: boys by retardation, girls by acceleration and disharmony of the pubertal development.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126401406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Effectiveness of New Samples of Chitosan-Based Local Hemostatic Agents After Liver Resection in Experiment","authors":"V. Lipatov, Eduard V. Fronchek, A. Y. Grigor'yan, D. A. Severinov, M. D. Naimzada, L. Y. Zakutayeva","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj108094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj108094","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Chitosan-based local hemostatic agents are most promising in terms of effective stoppage of bleeding, additional properties (for example, antibacterial effect) and stimulation of regeneration. New forms of them are being developed for different types of organ damage. \u0000AIM: To evaluate the hemostatic effect of samples of new chitosan-based local hemostatic agents on a liver resection model. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: An in vivo experiment was performed on 60 white male rats of Wistar line of 200 g250 g mass. The animals were divided to 4 study groups of 15 animals, respectively, depending on the kind of hemostatic agent and additional introduction of an anticoagulant that enhanced bleeding. As study materials, hemostatic collagen sponge (control groups No. 1.1 and 1.2) and also samples of new chitosan-based hemostatic agents Сhitocol-Hemo (Evers, Russia) were used. The rats under general anesthesia underwent midline laparotomy followed by laparopexy by dissecting the falciform ligament of the liver and placement of a gauze turunda between the diaphragm and the left liver lobule with displacement of the latter into the wound. After this, a sterile gauze turunda of the known mass was placed under the left lateral lobe of the liver, and resection of this lobe was performed at 10 mm distance from the edge. The bleeding was stopped by application of the tested materials. The mass of blood loss (gravimetric parameters) and the time of bleeding were evaluated. The reliability of the differences was determined using nonparametric Mann-Whitney test. \u0000RESULTS: In animals that were not administered the anticoagulant before modeling of the liver trauma, statistically significant differences were found only in such parameters as increase in the sample mass after impregnation with blood, in percent. Here, the value of this parameter in the group with use of hemostatic collagen sponge (2262.9) was three times that in the group using hemostatic Сhitocol-Hemo (722.7) p = 0.000003. The differences between the groups with heparin therapy were of similar character (p = 000003). \u0000CONCLUSION: The hemostatic effect of the sample of Сhitocol-Hemo hemostatic agent was confirmed in an acute experiment on a model of liver injury in rats on the basis of measurement of the mass of blood lost, of blood absorbed by the sample, and also of bleeding time. This hemostatic effect is probably provided due to positive physicochemical characteristics (porous structure, stroma/pores ratio and composition of the agent.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"159 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124716231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Myocardial Bridging in Myocardial Ischemia: Case Report","authors":"A. V. Solov’yeva, A. Gurbanova, Ivan A. Maksimtsev, O. Lazareva, E. A. Maksimtseva","doi":"10.17816/pavlovj109080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/pavlovj109080","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Myocardial bridging (MB) is considered a benign pathology, however, its existence is often associated with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death. The clinical significance of MB is determined by the dynamic stenosis of the coronary artery, which depends on the rate and strength of heart contractions and is poorly visualized by instrumental methods, which impairs timely diagnosis and early administration of the adequate treatment. A clinical case of a combined damage to the coronary bed in a 58-year-old patient is presented: MB of the anterior interventricular artery (AIVA) causing dynamically significant narrowing of the tunnel artery and hemodynamically insignificant atherosclerotic lesion of the coronary arteries. MB was typically located in the mid-segment of the AIVA. The diagnosis of the anomaly of the coronary bed was established after coronary angiography: MB of AIVA led to stenosis of the tunnel segment to 80% and was the cause of angina attacks. Stenting of the AIVA with a drug-coated stent was performed. The effectiveness of the stenting can be referred to a peculiar feature of this case, since in the treatment of this pathology the preference is given to myotomy and coronary artery bypass grafting as more effective methods. The follow-up period was 7.5 years; after stenting of the tunnel segment of the AIVA the anginal attacks did not recur. \u0000CONCLUSION: The described clinical case demonstrates the role of MB in the development of myocardial ischemia. With timely diagnosis of the coronary blood flow disorders, successful revascularization and adequate pharmacotherapy in accordance with the current clinical recommendations, the prognosis is good.","PeriodicalId":113364,"journal":{"name":"I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127239173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}