NIR News最新文献

{"title":"Diary","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/09603360211026637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211026637","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129326707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selected References","authors":"C. Huck","doi":"10.1177/09603360211004069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211004069","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient-poor, serpentinitic soils in the San Francisco Bay area sustain a native grassland that supports many rare species, including the Bay checkerspot butterfly (Euphydryas editha bayensis). Nitrogen (N) deposition from air pollution threatens biodiversity in these grasslands because N is the primary limiting nutrient for plant growth on serpentinitic soils. I investigated the role of N deposition through surveys of butterfly and plant populations across different grazing regimes by literature review, and with estimates of N deposition in the region. Several populations of the butterfly in south San Jose crashed following the cessation of cattle grazing. Nearby populations under continued grazing did not suffer similar declines. The immediate cause of the population crashes was rapid invasion by introduced annual grasses that crowded out the larval host plants of the butterfly. Ungrazed serpentinitic grasslands on the San Francisco Peninsula have largely resisted grass invasion for nearly four decades. Several lines of evidence indicate that dry N deposition from smog is responsible for the observed grass invasion. Fertilization experiments have shown that soil N limits grass invasion in serpentinitic soils. Estimated N deposition rates in south San Jose grasslands are 10-15 kg N/ha/year; Peninsula sites have lower deposition, 4-6 kg N/ha/year. Grazing cattle select grasses over forbs, and grazing leads to a net export of N as cattle are removed fro slaughter. Although poorly managed cattle grazing can significantly disrupt native ecosystems, in this case moderate, well-managed grazing is essential for maintaining native biodiversity in the face of invasive species and exogenous inputs of N from nearby urban areas.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114560599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel near-infrared and Raman spectroscopic technologies for print and photography identification, classification, and authentication","authors":"J. Grabska, K. Beć, C. Huck","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003757","url":null,"abstract":"Modern forensics encounters new challenges and demands new analytical methods that would meet variety of prerequisites regarding their accuracy, rapidness, flexibility, and reliability. Vibrational spectroscopic methods, in particular near-infrared spectroscopy, offer such potential and meet an increasing interest in forensics for authentication of various documents. Pittcon 2020 Conference, which took place in Chicago, Illinois, included a Session dedicated to the role of novel tools of investigation in the forensics of tomorrow. This article summarizes and complements the presentation upon how the current state-of-the-art and future prospects of vibrational spectroscopic techniques fits into this role. The application of near-infrared spectroscopy, including the benefits stemming from using novel miniaturized portable instruments, Raman and surface-enhanced Raman scattering techniques, is discussed in detail in the present article.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Announcement from ICNIRS for the International Conference of NIRS 2021, Beijing, China","authors":"M. Saranwong, T. Fearn","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003817","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121940477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diary","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/09603360211004047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211004047","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The comprehensive sourcebook for modern NIR spectroscopy: A commentary on “Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Theory, Spectral Analysis, Instrumentation, and Applications”","authors":"K. Beć, J. Grabska, C. Huck","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003752","url":null,"abstract":"The instrumentation, methods and applications of near-infrared spectroscopy has advanced remarkably in the last decade, in which near-infrared spectroscopy has successfully progressed at multiple directions and faced new challenges. Thus, gaps inevitably appeared in the coverage provided by renowned and handy cornerstone textbooks focused on near-infrared spectroscopy that were published in the past. A demand grew in near-infrared spectroscopy community for a new state-of-the-art textbook. With aim to satisfy such need, a go-to-book for background theory, applications and tutorial “Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Theory, Spectral Analysis, Instrumentation, and Applications” was prepared. That full-scale project, edited by Yukihiro Ozaki, Christian Huck, Satoru Tsuchikawa and Søren B. Engelsen, comprises of 23 chapters contributed by scholars and practitioners pushing the frontier of near-infrared spectroscopy. The chapters scope on newly opened pathways, major breakthroughs in basic science and applications as well as revisit several other topics. The sourcebook is intended for a wide range of readers from graduate students to scientists and engineers in both academia and industry. In this article, we sketch the main features of the newly released sourcebook with aim to help the community members in deciding whether this book should find its place in their library.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115176551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Miniaturized near-infrared instruments in dairy products or dairy industry: First steps in a long-distance race?","authors":"J. Riu, Giulia Gorla, B. Giussani","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003814","url":null,"abstract":"Near-infrared spectroscopy using benchtop instrumentation is widely used in the analysis of dairy products or in the dairy industry. In this paper, we review the use of miniaturized near-infrared instrumentation in dairy products or in the dairy industry, highlighting some strengths and limitations of current devices.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128737343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the root cause(s) of nonlinearities in near infrared spectroscopy","authors":"H. Martens","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003758","url":null,"abstract":"NIR process monitoring and NIR hyperspectral video generates a deluge of non-selective spectral data, information-rich but per se useless. This paper demonstrates how interpretable data modelling can lead to simpler and better use of such NIR Big Data: A set of simple powder mixtures of the main constituents in wheat flour were measured by NIR transmission under different measurement conditions. Their absorbance spectra were submitted to multivariate calibration for predicting the protein content, by standard chemometric calibration by PLS regression. A reasonable calibration model was obtained, but it was unexpectedly complex and not robust. However, closer inspection the PLS regression subspace showed a surprising structure. This allowed us to identify the problem: Non-additive, strongly overlapping light scattering and light absorption effects in the NIR absorbance spectra. Based on this insight, a pragmatic, but causal preprocessing model was set up and iteratively optimized for predictive ability. This nonlinear optimized extended signal correction (OEMSC) separated and quantified the main physical and chemical sources of variation in the spectra. The preprocessing greatly simplified the NIR spectra and their quantitative calibration and prediction.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128428059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemometrics, imaging and spectroscopy laboratory – Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","authors":"R. Calvini, G. Foca, A. Ulrici","doi":"10.1177/09603360211003755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09603360211003755","url":null,"abstract":"Following the previous papers of our colleagues from the University of Genova and from the University of Rome “La Sapienza” in the series of articles presenting the Italian research groups active in the field of NIR spectroscopy, this paper aims at introducing the main activities of the Chemometrics, Imaging and Spectroscopy Laboratory (CHIMSLAB) of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. The group is headed by Prof. Alessandro Ulrici, associate professor in Analytical Chemistry and Coordinator of the Research Doctorate School in Food and Agricultural Science, Technology and Biotechnology (STEBA) of the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia. CHIMSLAB team also includes Dr. Giorgia Foca, as assistant professor, and Dr. Rosalba Calvini, as post-doc researcher. We would also like to mention our former PhD students, Dr. Carlotta Ferrari and Dr. Giorgia Orlandi, who gave a fundamental contribution to our recent activities. In addition, in 2017, we had the pleasure to host Prof. Sylvio Barbon Junior (Computer Science Department, Londrina State University) and Dr. Ana Paula A. C. Barbon (Animal Science Department, Londrina State University) as visiting researchers. CHIMSLAB research group is also affiliated to BIOGEST-SITEIA, the interdepartmental research centre of the University of Reggio Emilia working on the improvement and valorisation of agri-food biological resources. The keywords in the group name recall our main research activities: the application and development of chemometric methods for data modelling with a specific interest in spectroscopic and imaging data. In particular, the application of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, computer vision and NIR hyperspectral imaging (NIR-HSI) in the agri-food sector represents a considerable part of our expertise. However, thanks to collaborations with other research groups, we had the possibility of applying chemometric modelling to a wide range of research fields, including cultural heritage, electrochemical sensing, microbiology and entomology, among others. Concerning our research topics of main interest for the readers of NIR News, in the past years, we focused on two key aspects of spectroscopic and imaging data analysis: variable selection and data dimensionality reduction. Feature selection is a crucial aspect in the analysis of spectroscopic signals, since the selection of the spectral regions of interest for the problem at hand usually allows to discard noise and to obtain calibration or classification models with higher performances. For these reasons, starting from the beginning of our research activities, the application of state-of-art variable selection methods and the development of new selection strategies have represented key topic of our work. The importance of variable selection methods is even more relevant when dealing with NIR hyperspectral images. Indeed, usually, industrial applications require sorting technologies meeting the requirements of fast time of analysis and low","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129874406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial-scale continuous on-line analysis of liquid hog manure by NIRS","authors":"P. Williams, Erik Eising, D. Malley","doi":"10.1177/0960336020978714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0960336020978714","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the work was to use near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to identify the pattern of distribution of the manure nutrients onto a field. The paper describes what is believed to be the first application of NIRS to continuous analysis of liquid manure on an industrial scale. The on-line analysis is accomplished without the need for a sample cell to scan the sample, or the need for sampling during manure application to the land, because the entire amount of the material is analyzed. Diode array instruments were used for continuous scanning of the manure as it was being applied. Because of differences among the instruments in spectral data, four instruments were set up in line for the development of the industrial-level calibration. Spectral data were recorded as direct reflectance over the range of 11,100 cm−1 to 5,900 cm−1. Calibrations for total solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were developed using the Unscrambler, with a data pre-treatment of first derivative. No outliers were removed. Values of the RPD (ratio of SD of reference data to SEP) of between 3.1 and 4 were attained for all constituents. Interpolation of blind duplicates revealed that reproducibility of NIRS predictions for all constituents was significantly superior to that of laboratory analysis by certified laboratories. This was attributed to the enormous differences in the volume of manure scanned by the NIRS instruments, relative to the volumes used in laboratory analysis. Continuous scanning and analysis of liquid manures enable mapping of nutrients as they are being applied to the land, which provides valuable information to farmers as to the purchase, and efficiency of use of fertilizers.","PeriodicalId":113081,"journal":{"name":"NIR News","volume":"224 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127808400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}