{"title":"The Pseudoscience of Planning for Parking","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114896109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Choosing to Cruise","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121636452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Right Price for Curb Parking","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-14","url":null,"abstract":"The right price for curb parking is the lowest price that can produce one or two vacant parking spaces on each block. The price is too high if many spaces are vacant and too low if no spaces are vacant. But if one or two spaces are vacant on a block, the price is right. Because new arrivals will always see a convenient place to park, everyone will have great parking karma. We can call this the Goldilocks Principle of parking prices. Can anyone propose a better way to set the price for on-street parking?","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"113 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122892317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Twenty-first Century Parking Problem","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-1","url":null,"abstract":"Children first learn about free parking when they play Monopoly. The chance of landing on free parking is low, about the same as the chance of going to jail. Monopoly misleads its players on this score, however, because parking is free for 99 percent of all automobile trips in the U.S. This book will argue that another kind of deception is also at play on the Monopoly board because in the real world, there is no such thing as “free” parking. The cost of parking is hidden in higher prices for everything else. In addition to the monetary cost, which is enormous, free parking imposes many other hidden costs on cities, the economy, and the environment. Why is most parking free to the driver? When only the rich owned cars at the beginning of the twentieth century, motorists simply parked their new cars at the curb where they had formerly tethered their horses and carriages. But when car ownership grew rapidly during the 1910s and 1920s, the parking problem developed. Curb parking remained free (the parking meter was not invented until 1935), but there were no longer enough spaces for everyone to park whenever and wherever they wanted. Drivers circled in vain looking for a vacant curb space, and their cars congested traffic. In the 1930s, cities began to require off-street","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125683583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Great Planning Disaster","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126931872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Taxing Foreigners Living Abroad","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125431432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reduce Demand Rather than Increase Supply","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-11","url":null,"abstract":"The logic behind off-street parking requirements is simple: development increases the demand for parking, so cities require enough off-street spaces to satisfy this new demand. Off-street parking requirements thus ensure that cars will not spill over onto the neighborhood streets. This logic suggests another potential reform within the existing system of off-street parking requirements: if developers reduce parking demand, cities should allow them to provide fewer parking spaces; that is, cities can give developers the option to reduce parking demand rather than increase the parking supply. I will illustrate this “pay or pave†option with three strategies to reduce parking demand: (1) employer-paid transit passes, (2) parking cash out, and (3) car sharing.","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132798136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buying Time at the Curb","authors":"D. Shoup","doi":"10.4324/9781351179782-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351179782-18","url":null,"abstract":"Although drivers park free 99 percent of all their trips, you probably feel that you pay for parking on more than 1 percent of your automobile trips, and perhaps you do. Many of us undoubtedly pay for parking more frequently than others do. Americans make 230 billion vehicle trips a year, so drivers pay for parking 2.3 billion times a year (1 percent of 230 billion), but they also park free 228 billion times a year. If drivers don't pay for parking, who does? Initially, developers pay for it when they provide all the parking spaces required by zoning ordinances. The cost of land and capital devoted to required parking raises the cost of all development, and this cost translates into higher prices for everything else, so everyone pays for parking indirectly. Residents pay for parking through higher prices for housing. Consumers pay for parking through higher prices for goods and services. Employers pay for parking through higher office rents. Only in our roles as motorists do we not pay for parking because motorists park free for most trips. Everyone but the motorist pays for parking.","PeriodicalId":112601,"journal":{"name":"The High Cost of Free Parking","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122055487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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