{"title":"Time in the Work of Joseph Conrad","authors":"David Takidze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-5","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the problem of time according to five different works of Joseph Conrad. The research is based on the concepts of the philosopher Henri Bergson and the religious scholar Mircea Eliade, and accordingly, distinguishes two concepts of time in Conrad's work, psychological and mythological time.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127377574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dionysian Definition of the Noun in Ancient Grammar","authors":"Levan Khalvashi, Lia Gorgadze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-14","url":null,"abstract":"One of the fundamental truths of grammar is recognized as the referential definition of a noun, according to which it is a part of speech that expresses an object. There is no alternative to such an understanding of the noun in the European linguistic tradition. Making distinction of the universal sign of the noun – subjectivity – defined the similar understanding of this part of speech in the grammars of the antique and Middle Ages. The first traditional European knowledge about the language appeared in Philosophy, representatives of which were studied the language as an expression of the thought. Τέχνη Γραμματική by Dionysus is specially distinguished, which theoretically justifies the logicism in the practice of studying the language.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133780109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Georgia's Information Field During the Beginning of the Second Russian War Against Ukraine","authors":"Khatuna Lagazidze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-4","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on how Russia's second unprovoked war against Ukraine was reflected in Georgia's information space during the information conflict (2022, February 24). Specifically, the strategies, processes, and information channels employed by Russia during the Ukraine War in Georgia to wage an information war in the country are analysed. The critical tasks to halt Russian information warfare are also discussed in the paper","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129732196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Criticism of the Soviet Ideology in the Novel ― \"Der Kantakt\"","authors":"Tinatin Moseshvili","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-8","url":null,"abstract":"One of the meta-fictional works by the German-language Georgian migrant author (Der Kantakt, 2009). The novel consists of three thematic levels, two of which are meta-fictional, and one of them is of an essay type. It is devoted to the discussion and criticism of important issues, such as the Soviet Union and its violent system, the Communist ideology, repressions, etc. that come under the spotlight in this article.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123757723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tiresian Modernist Interpretation in Djuna Barnes' novel \"Nightwood\"","authors":"Sophiko Geliashvili","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-10","url":null,"abstract":"The presented article considers the modernist Interpretation of the mythological hero — Tiresias in Djuna Barnes' novel \"Nightwood\". The novel illustrates the symbolic and associative comprehensiveness of the prophet living in Paris in the 1920s. Keywords: Modernism, Hermaphrodite, Tiresias, Time.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133523445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functions and Frequency of Using Code-switching in the Georgian Educational Discourse","authors":"Khatuna Buskivadze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-18","url":null,"abstract":"Within the context of teaching English as a foreign language, code-switching – alternating between two or more languages, in the context of a single conversation or situation – is a common practice. This article is the first to investigate the frequency and functions of code-switching by lecturers of general English language courses across two main universities in Tbilisi, Georgia. Building on existing literature [Myers-Scotton, 1993; Ferguson, 2003, etc.], this quantitative study uses survey responses from 92 lecturers and 220 students enrolled in general English courses at the university level in Georgia. The objective is to reveal (1) the frequency of code-switching used by the EFL (English as a foreign language) course lecturers in the higher education discourse; (2) the functions of using code-switching in the EFL course; (3) and the EFL course lecturers' and students’ attitudes towards lecturers’ code-switching behavior. Based on the results of the study, code-switching in the classroom can serve several functions such as communicative and intercultural difference. Moreover, students were found to hold far more positive attitudes towards their lecturers switching from English into Georgian during class than the lecturers themselves. Thus, it shows that lecturers believe in a conventional view (using only one language) of teaching a language. Surprisingly, although lecturers have a negative attitude towards using Georgian, 50-60% of participants use Georgian.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125807686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impoliteness and Identity in the Family Discourse Genre","authors":"Mari Khukhunaishvili","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-15","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper, impoliteness is considered to be a way of expressing and establishing oneself, as well as a method for shaping and maintaining interpersonal relations; Close social relationships are claimed to constitute a threat in the process of constructing one's identity","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125537418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Happy Ending as a Model of the World Perception (from Georgian Folk Tales to Social Realism)","authors":"N. Gaprindashvili","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-9","url":null,"abstract":"A Happy Ending is widely used nowadays as one of the diverse ways a literary work may end. It is a specific model of the writer's attitude to life and the world determined by many artistic, aesthetic and socio-political factors. There are many examples of a Happy Ending in Georgian literature of different periods (folk creativity, religious and secular writing). The Happy Ending has proved to be a very productive model for the ideological purposes of Socialist Realism. Therefore, Socialist Realism used this model intensively to put fiction even more actively at the service of building a socialist society and the Communist Party.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114964095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Personal Name Tariel ― The Artistic Enigma of the “Knight in the Panther’s Skin” [Historical and Philological Research]","authors":"I. Sanikidze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-13","url":null,"abstract":"The article is about naming the main character of “Knight in the Panther’s Skin” – Tariel. The mentioned personal name is connected with the adjective root of Georgian origin derived from the -ier affix. The linguistics, historical and literary data are considered in order to unite thepresented viewpoints in one concept.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127914987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Actualization of Mythos in James Joyce’s Ulysses: Leopold Bloom’s Metamorphoses","authors":"Ketevan Jmukhadze","doi":"10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55804/jtsuspekali-16-12","url":null,"abstract":"The continual sequence of transformations described in Ulysses turns the novel into James Joyce’s Metamorphoses. By virtue of the series of metamorphoses, the reading of Ulysses bears the function of a ritual: an actual moment of the time is to be replaced with the mythical eternity.","PeriodicalId":112231,"journal":{"name":"Spekali / სპეკალი (Ed Nana Gaprindashvili / სამეცნიერო რედაქტორი ნანა გაფრინდაშვილი)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127347041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}