Diyala Journal of Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Localization of the position of vital anatomical structures in the lateral wall of maxillary sinus during different surgical intervention using cone beam computed tomography","authors":"Ali Hakiem Tawfieq ,, Haider Ali Hasan ,, Manar Abd Alrazaq Hassan ,, Mohamed Salah Khlfi","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1051","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Proper information about the anatomy of the maxillary sinus is required to avoid any unexpected complications that may arise due to the close relation between the maxillary sinus and posterior superior alveolar artery. Objective: To the current study used cone beam computed tomography CBCT imaging to assess the position of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) in relationship to the alveolar ridge and the flour of maxillary sinus. Patients and Methods: A number of 95 Iraqi patients participated in this prospective study (53 females, 42 males; age range 20-49 years). From January 2021 to February 2022, attended a 2nd specialised dentistry institution in Baquba city for CBCT scanning for numerous diagnostic and management purposes. Results: According to our study, we detected the presences of artery in (83.68%) of the sample. females showed higher PSAA prevalence than men on both sides, and the difference was significant overall, Also, the existence of artery for each side and total in the intramembranous locating in females is greater than that in males, which may demonstrate that the probability of Bleeding and other side effects is higher in males, since the existence of artery in the intramembranous area in females will reduce the likelihood of traumatic injury throughout any surgical treatment. Conclusion: This research used CBCT to determine the precise location of PSAA in the Iraqi population. This data could assist in decreasing the likelihood of hemorrhage as well as other complications which may happen throughout any surgical treatment, such as dental implant placement, ridge expansion.As well as other surgical interventions in this region.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Posterior Leaf Spring Ankle Foot Orthosis on Knee Joint of Hemiplegic Stroke Patients Through Software Gait Analysis","authors":"Mahmood Soran Abdulrahman ,, Ghassan Husni Ali","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Ankle Foot Orthoses (AFO) is mostly advised for a stroke patient who is complicated with plantarflexion deformity, to support and improve the alignments of the feet for reducing knee joint extension and promoting hip joint extension through stance-phase. Objective: To provide deeper knowledge using software gait analysis for the biomechanical effects of PLS AFO for stroke patients. Patients and Methods: We divided 42 participants into 3 groups (the first and second groups were 28 stroke participants that used AFO and with OUT-AFO and the third group was 14 normal participants without deformity. All participants walk 10 meters in a straight line for the same time their gait was captured at Comfortable Walking Speed (CWS). Temporal-spatial and kinematic parameters of the knee joint were compared in the study. Results: The PLS AFO showed improvement in knee ROM in the AFO condition that has better knee flexion in the early stance (from 8.16 to 16.24 degrees in the AFO condition), a huge increase in the late stance of knee extension (from 0.16 to 3.82 degrees) and better knee flexion than the barefoot condition in the swing flexion (from 26.1 to 39.78 degrees). Also, the mean Time Up and Go (TUG) identically decreased in stroke participants (from 36.04 s in OUT-AFO to 22.6 s in AFO condition). Conclusion: In this study, we showed that using a PLS AFO can be beneficial for improving knee ROM and progress walking speed, gait symmetry, balance, and reducing the risk of falls.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Athlete's foot with topical Zinc Sulphate (15%) Solution versus Clotrimazole (1%) Solution","authors":"Saad D Hameed ,, Sarmad Y Abbood ,, Attaa A.Alhajji","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1053","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Athlete's foot (tinea pedis) is by far the commonest fungal infections of the integument in the developed world that usually begins between the toes. Multiple drugs were used for the treatment of athlete's foot and including both; topical and systemic agents.Zinc sulphate has been used as topical antifungal agent. Objective: Comparison the efficacy of 15% zinc sulphate solution topically in the management  of tinea pedis with topical clotrimazole solution. Patients and Methods: A therapeutic, single blind, comparative, study of Zinc Sulphate solution (15%) in the management of tinea pedis in comparison with clotrimazole solution (both topically), that  conducted in the Unit of Dermatology and Venereology ,Baquba Teaching Hospital,  extended from March 2020- July 2021 .  Fifty patients, 31 males and 19 females with tinea pedis were registered in this study. Divided to 2 groups of patients included in the study: Group A: Use the topical  zinc sulphate solution 15%. Group B:  Use the topical 1% Clotrimazole solution. A complete history with examination clinically were done for all patients with tinea pedis involving all the relevant points. All patients were used the medicine twice daily for 30 days, and follow there   to be seen every 14 days during the course of treatment and then follow up for two months. The patients were examined clinically; also the scoring of feet odor was done at each visit. Results: Group A: Twenty five patients 9 (36%) females and 16 (64%) males were included in this group were treated by Zinc Sulphate solution  , and their ages ranged between 27-73(47.8±12.18) years. and the duration of that illness was ranged from 1-120(43±46.61) months. Clinical response after one month of the treatment was 10(40%) patients with complete clearance, 5(20%) patients had partial clearance while 10(40%) patients showed no response. Group B: Twenty five patients treated by clotrimazole solution, and their ages ranged from 24-65(43.2±11.83) years, and the duration of the illness was ranged from 1-180(30.24±44.9) months. Clinical response after four weeks of treatment was 19(76%) patients with complete response, 2(8%) patients had partial response, while 4(16%) patients have no response. There was no statistical significance difference at two weeks in comparison between group A and B (chi square 5.37 P value =0.07) but was slightly significant at four weeks (chi square 6.65, P value =0.04). Side effects of treatment were mild which included itching and burning sensation in 4(16%) patients of group A and in 1(4%) patients of group B. These side effects did not require discontinuation of the treatment.  Conclusion: Clotrimazole solution was superior to15% Zinc sulphate  solution as effective as topical treatment for Athlete's foot.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of saliva of patients with leukemia on surface hardness and roughness of enamel and dental composite resin during chemotherapy regimen: An – Invitro study","authors":"Nsar Muhyaddin Aziz ,, Hiwa Hassan Hamza","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1059","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of tooth enamel and dental resin composite restoration immersed into saliva collected from leukemia patient. Objective: To evaluate the surface roughness and hardness of tooth enamel and dental resin composite restoration immersed on to saliva collected from 4 types of leukemia patient. Patients and Methods: 30 patients with 4 types of leukemia (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ALL, Acute myeloid leukemia AML, Chronic lymphocytic leukemia CLL, and Chronic myeloid leukemia CML) were included for taking saliva separately. A total number of 50 enamel specimen and 50 of composite resin disk were prepared and randomly divided into 5 groups of enamel (1,2,3,4, and 5) and 5 groups of composite resin disk (A,B,C,D, and E), surface roughness and hardness were measured and data collected, group A and 1 were immersed in artificial saliva for 7 days as control, group B and 2 immersed into saliva collected from patient with ALL, group C and 3 immersed into saliva collected from patient with AML, group D and 4 immersed into saliva collected from patient with CLL and group E and 5 immersed into saliva collected from patient with CML all group for 7 days then surface roughness and hardness were measured data collected and analyzed and statistically significant regarded at  p<0.05. Results: In group A and 1 artificial saliva there were no significant effect on surface roughness and hardness of both enamel and composite resin disk, while surface roughness and hardness of enamel and composite resin significantly changed after immersing in saliva of ALL, AML, CLL, patients and surface roughness of composite resin highly significantly increased after immersing in saliva of CML patients. Conclusion: Saliva of ALL, AML, CLL, and CML seems to significantly changes in mechanical properties of enamel and composite, however saliva of CML highly significantly increase surface roughness of composite resin.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"6 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Responses in Newly Recovered Patients from Covid-19 Infection","authors":"Imad A Lateef,, Younus K Attallah ,, Khalil G Khalil ,, Arshed A Ahmad","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues, causing considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) diagnostic assays are a goal standard for case ascertainment and diagnosis. Comparing to PCR, serological testing is advantageous with faster turn-around time, high-throughput and less workload. However, the clinical value of antibodies largely depends on the understanding of host antibody responses during infection. Immunoglobulin G (IgG)) in response to SARS-CoV-2 in patients newly recovered from different severity Covid-19 infection in Baquba-Iraq. Patients and Methods: In this cross sectional study a (93) patients with recent covid-19 infection who came to the central blood bank of Diyala for convalescent plasma donation for the period from the 1st June 2020 till 1st August 2020 were enrolled. The questionnaire form were filled regarding the time of infection, clinical manifestations, severity and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results. While blood were taken for antibody titer measurement using the SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG VIDAS test. Results: Male constitute about 91% of the study population. About 74% of the cases were below 40 years old. Fifty four of the patients had mild disease, 28% had moderate severity while the other 18% had severe type of the disease. fatigue and fever were the most common symptoms and seen in 87%,84% respectively. IgM Antibodies start to be positive before 21 days post infection mainly in mild and moderate cases 100%, While 0% of severe cases were positive at this time. After 49 day from the time of the infection 67%and 75% of the mild and moderate cases where IgM positive respectively and 100% of the severe cases where IgM positive.   IgG Antibodies were positive in 100%, 0% of the mild and severe cases respectively at 21 day post infection but it's positive in 100% of both mild and severe cases after 49 day post infection. Conclusion: : Although the serological response for SARS-CoV-2 appears in the first three weeks from the disease onset this response differs from  patient to another according to the time from the infection and the severity of the infection.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"22 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity in Medical Education: A Review Article","authors":"Imad Mahmood Enad Al-Majmaie ,, Jalil I Alezzi ,, Ali Mohammed Batarfi","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1058","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Medical education and training differ substantially throughout the world. Several teaching approaches have been used in medical education, which is a dynamic area of educational research. Objective: To assess the process of medical education, its development, and related obstacles to having proper and enhanced medical education, as well as improvement in various aspects related to medical education. Conclusion: Medical educational programs play a critical role in preparing individuals for careers in medicine. These programs offer an organized curriculum that comprises preclinical & clinical education, electives and specialized training, professional development, and research.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"16 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Risk Factors for Development of Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Undergoing Hemodialysis","authors":"Ali Hussein Fadhil ,, Hashim Mahdi Hashim ,, Arif Sami Malik ,, Jawad Kadhum Manuti ,, Moayed Basheer Hamid","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1057","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has recently been identified as a common complication in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who are undergoing hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD). The risk factors for the development of PAH in those patients are not well understood. Objective: To investigate the risk factors for the development of PAH in patients with ESRD on HD. Patients and Methods: This is a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 50 ESRD patients undergoing HD. The pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) was measured using echocardiography. PASP ˃ 25 mmHg at rest was defined as PAH. As a result, patients were divided into two groups: those who had PAH and those who did not. Each patient's demographic, biochemical, and echographic findings were documented.  Results: Out of 50 patients, 19 (38%) had PAH, while the remaining 31 (62%) had normal PASP. In multivariate analysis, HD duration > 3.4 years (OR= 2.13, 95%CI=1.45-31.38, p= 0.025), hypertension as a cause of ESRD (OR=6.12, 95%CI=1.4-26.77, p=0.031), hemoglobin (Hb) ≤ 10.0 g/dl (OR= 4.35, 95%CI=1.88-9.84, p= 0.018), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤ 55% (OR= 6.75, 95%CI=1.87-23.74, p=0.021) were independent factors associated with PAH. PASP had a significant positive correlation with the rate of fistula flow (r= 0.295, p= 0.038) and E/A ratio (r= 0.368, p= 0.008), but a significant negative correlation with LVEF (r= -0.345, p= 0.014). PASP had a positive significant correlation with each of rate of fistula flow (r= 0.295, p= 0.038) and E/A ratio (r= 0.368, p= 0.008), while it has a negative significant correlation with LVEF (r= -0.345, p= 0.014). Conclusion: Longer duration of HD, hypertensive nephropathy as a cause of ESRD, Hb≤ 10 g/dl, and LVEF ≤55% are among the demographic, biochemical, and clinical factors associated with the development of PAH in patients with ESRD under HD. The PASP has a positive correlation with fistula flow rate and E/A ratio and a negative correlation with LVEF.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congenital Heart Disease In Preterm Infants","authors":"Maymouna A Jassam ,, Najdat S. Mahmood ,, Sura Q. Mahmood","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1061","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Congenital heart defects and preterm birth  are two important causes of neonatal and infant mortality. However, the relationship between them has not yet been fully clarified. Objective: To find the association of congenital heart disease with premature delivery. Patients and Methods: The study is an observational cross sectional study, done in Al-Batool teaching hospital for maternity and children from July 2022 to January 2023. A self-prepared questionnaire was used to gather data. Gestational age was calculated mainly on postnatal gestational assessment by Dubowitz/Ballard method by a pediatrician. Echocardiography was done by  Echocardiography specialist  doctor to identify the presence and  types of congenital heart defects. SPSS version 25 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Total number of births  (term and preterm) was 1616, congenital heart diseases were detected in 60(3.71%) of them, most of them were isolated heart defect. In preterm babies, the congenital heart diseases were detected in 8% (p value was <0.001), they were of different types as followings: patent ductus arteriosus (n=10,26%), atrial septal defect (n=8,21%), ventricular septal defect (n=7,18%), transposition of the great arteries (n=4,10%), tetralogy of Fallot (n=2,5%), and complex of congenital  heart disease (n=7,18%), while in full term babies, the rate of congenital heart diseases was only 1.9%. Conclusion: The incidence of congenital heart disease was higher in preterm than full term delivered babies, mostly in the group of transposition of the great arteries, ventricular septal defect, complex heart defects, followed by atrial septal defect.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence study of Parvovirus B19 among women with miscarriage in Mosul city","authors":"Atheer Nawfal Buraa ,, Asmaa Baqer Al-Obaidi ,, Thekra Ali Hussein","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1062","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Miscarriage and stillbirth are among the most common pregnancy complications, and could be caused by several factors, among these factors are viral infections some of them are obvious teratogenic and others are associated with fetal defects like severe anemia in the case of Parvovirus B19 which could be transmitted vertically causing fetal infection and miscarriage or stillbirth. Objective: To investigate the seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 among women with miscarriage and stillbirth and compare them with normal pregnant women in the city of Mosul-Iraq. Patients and Methods: A case-control study conducted on pregnant aged 16-45 years with miscarriage and stillbirth admitted to Al-Khansa Teaching Hospital in Mousl city. The samples were collected during the period from November 2022 and January 2023 from 160 from pregnant women, 80 of them had miscarriage or stillbirth, and the other 80 had normal uneventfull pregnancy (control). Serum samples were subjected for ELISA Study of anti-B19V IgG and IgM antibodies. Results: This study showed that the seroprevalence rate of anti-B19V IgG among pregnant women was about 23% (37 out of 160), subdivided into (40%) 32 out of 80 patients, and (6.2%) 5 out of 80 controls had positive anti-B19V IgG antibody which is significantly different. And IgM seroprevalence was about 22% (35 out of 160), in which (38.8%) 31 out of 80 patients, and (5%) 4 out of 80 controls had positive anti-B19V IgM antibody. Both anti-B19V IgG and IgM were higher among patients who had stillbirth than those who had miscarriage both qualitatively and quantitatively. On the other hand, there is a highly significant association of anti-B19V IgM positivity with maternal anemia. Conclusion: The study found high association between B19V and miscarriage or stillbirth as compared to normal pregnancy, and this was more common among patients who had stillbirth than those who had miscarriage, with obvious association with maternal anemia, all of the above is among pregnant women from Mosul City in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139157686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associated Complications and survival rate after thyroid cancer operation","authors":"Dilshad Hamad Mustafa ,, Baderkhan Saeed Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.v25i2.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v25i2.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Thyroid cancer is a common endocrine neoplasm in all parts of the world and the commonest histologic type is PTC. The Treatment of choice for this pathology is surgery and it has associated complications commonly hypocalcaemia and RLNP with specific survival rates. Objective: To find out the incidence of associated complications of thyroid surgery with their survival rates. Patients and Methods: We analysed data from 574 patients diagnosed with TC from 2018 to 2021, using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test to determine complications of thyroid surgery and overall survival. Results: The mean age of the patients was 41.3 (±14.1) years, there were 92(16%) patients aged >55 years and 482(84%) patients ≤ 55 years old at the time of diagnosis. Females were more affected by the female: male ratio (3.9: 1); 456 cases occurred in females (79.4%) and 118 in males (20.6%). The most common modes of presentation were neck lump in 492 (85.7%) patients and tumor size ≤4 cm in 495(86.3) patients. The commonest stage at diagnosis is stage I 494(86.1%), of the cases confined to the thyroid gland. The main surgical procedure was total thyroidectomy for 470(81.9%) patients. The common complications are hypocalcemia 70(12.6%) and 46(8.3%) developed RLN damage. The mean survival time was (55.87) months (CI = 54.86-56.88 months), but varies according to age < 55 years (58.02 months) and ≥ 55 years (44.426 months). Sex female has a better prognosis (56.540 months) while males (52.40 months). stage I mean survival was (58.79months) while a decrease in stage IV mean survival was (23.36 months). Conclusion: The incidence of complications associated with TC surgery in our study is close to what was published elsewhere in the world with slight differences in percentages of each complication. The survival rate drops within the available ranges.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}