Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions最新文献

{"title":"Enhancing production efficiency through integer linear programming-based production planning","authors":"Saurabh Chaudhary, Sushant Raj Giri","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.63469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.63469","url":null,"abstract":"The management of a manufacturing plant's primary duties include the efficient planning, scheduling, and synchronization of all production activities. As a result, the management of the plant must design the manufacturing process to minimize the overall production cost, taking into account the resources that cannot be compromised. In this study, Shree Pashupati Biscuit Industries Pvt. Ltd. is chosen, and an integer linear programming (ILP) model is developed to predict the total number of batches that the facility should make each month from each product in order to meet the monthly demand with the resources at hand. The goal is to reduce the plant's monthly production costs. After a month of collecting the necessary data from the manufacturing facility, the goal function and restrictions were developed. In order to ensure that no consumer is dissatisfied, the management has placed a high priority on meeting demand. Any workable solution discovered by the model must meet the demand in accordance with the managerial need. Demand constraint is therefore seen as a harsh limitation. According to the monthly demand, the management is compelled to alter the labor and machine requirements more regularly. Therefore, labor and machine hour restrictions are regarded as mild restrictions. The simulated ILP model was constructed as an Excel spreadsheet model, and it was then solved using Excel Solver, which applies the simplex approach and takes into account the model's requirement for integers. Until a workable solution is identified, the total number of hours of labor and machine availability can be altered within a specific range. The number of batches to be produced from each product and the accompanying minimal monthly cost are determined by the solved model. This production strategy uses both the physical and human resources in the best possible way by preventing the manufacturing of surplus biscuits. The solution can also be used to calculate the required extra hours, machine and labor idle times, and additional overtime costs, which are then added to the monthly production costs.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":"109 42","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of sustainability of a residential building using SVAGRIHA - a case of Mato Ghar","authors":"Samiksha Adhikari, Sushil B. Bajracharya","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64941","url":null,"abstract":"GRIHA, which stands for Green Rating for Integrated Habitat Assessment, is a rating system for large scale buildings. GRIHA was created to promote sustainable and eco-friendly practices in the construction and operation of buildings. GRIHA addresses various green building concepts in various  phases of buildings by using five ‘R’, i.e., recycle, reuse, reduce, refuse, and reinvent, to determine and encourage the sustainability of a building via rating. SVAGRIHA is a green rating system which falls under GRIHA, which is a rating system for small scale buildings. The study presented in this paper applies SVAGRIHA framework for determining the sustainability and green rating of Mato Ghar. This study has applied case study approach and chosen Mato Ghar as a suitable case study residence, as the requirements for using SVAGRIHA framework is for buildings with built-up area less than 2500 sq.m. Results showed that sustainability of a residence will be higher if it has used energy conservation as a part of the building lifecycle, energy efficient planning and design, active and passive strategies, and locally available materials. The methodology and findings in this research can also be replicated to determine the green rating of other residential buildings within and outside Kathmandu valley by architects and engineers in the process of residential building design.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":" 951","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing alluvial deposits in Tamor River, Eastern Nepal: construction material suitability and extraction impact","authors":"Anand Kumar Karna, Bikram Rawat, Sujan Nepal","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64336","url":null,"abstract":"The Tamor River, a tributary of the Koshi, has a potential to contribute construction raw materials for ongoing infrastructure development initiatives of the Koshi Province in the Eastern Nepal. However, due to the dynamic nature of river morphology and varying quality of alluvial deposits, it demands a rigorous testing of their suitability for construction purposes. This study aims to locate potential sites for material extraction, assess physical properties of available floodplain deposits, and evaluate potential adverse effects of extraction. Data were collected from field observations, structured interviews with local stakeholders, and consultation with experts/professionals. Field study encompassed an 85-kilometer stretch of the Tamor River, from Dovan to Mulghat. Results indicated the presence of alluvial deposits along the river's entirety, with optimal extraction sites identified between Majhitar and Phalametar. Material available in the stretch from Limbunighat to Phalametar meets acceptable quality standards, albeit declining in the lower stretches of the study section. Adverse effects of extraction appear minimal and manageable with appropriate precautions. Consequently, it is recommended to extract materials for small-scale construction projects, ensuring adherence to safety protocols and confirming suitability through testing. Further investigations into Tamor River's primary tributaries are advised to comprehensively assess resource potential.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis of Nepal considering validated seismic source model","authors":"Agriya Sagar Pandit, Dilendra Prasad Joshi, Chetana Subedi, Alisha Poudel, Roshan Sharma, Pawan Chhetri","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65322","url":null,"abstract":"Earlier studies have performed Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) of Nepal considering different source models. This study aims to validate the best seismic source model to perform PSHA in Nepal. Earthquake data from earthquake catalogues for the period of 1900 to 2022 AD has been considered. The earthquake data obtained from catalogues was homogenised and merged. De-clustering was performed to remove dependent events using ZMAP. A completeness test was performed and recurrence parameters were computed. As proposed in earlier studies, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) values were calculated for 3D source, fault source and areal sources for 6.36% probability of exceedance for 50 years. A comparison was made between the PGA values of all source models with the recorded PGA value of the Kirtipur (KTP) station for the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake for a 760-year return period. The comparison of PGA values proves the Single Ramp Model (SRM) of the Main Himalayan Thrust (MHT) to be the validated seismic source model for Nepal. PSHA was then performed with the validated source model and hazard maps were prepared for 2% and 10% probability of exceedance. The analysis revealed that PGA values reached maximum levels in the far western and central regions. Using a single ramp model of MHT with improved Ground Motion Prediction Equations (GMPEs) specific to the Himalayan region is necessary for future seismic hazard analysis.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":"104 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141820950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy performance of rammed earth building: A Kathmandu valley case study","authors":"Priyanka Uprety, Barsha Shrestha, Sanjaya Uprety","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.64683","url":null,"abstract":"As the world's energy demands soar, the building sector is under pressure to innovate. Rammed earth (RE) construction emerges as a sustainable and efficient alternative that could revolutionize building design. With the right materials, preparation methods, and a focus on energy use efficiency, RE can significantly reduce our reliance on conventional heating and cooling systems by leveraging the natural thermal mass of the walls to maintain a consistent internal temperature year-round. Despite growing interest, particularly in the Kathmandu valley, there is a lack of research on the actual energy performance of RE buildings. This study aims to evaluate the energy performance of RE buildings using thermal imaging and energy simulation to compare RE walls with traditional brick walls. Results indicate that RE buildings perform better, with temperature differences of 2.9°C and 2.1°C in the south and west walls, respectively, as measured by a thermal imager at a distance of 1 meter and a height of 1.5 meters. Furthermore, simulation results reveal that RE construction exhibits the lowest heating and cooling loads, while brick masonry construction shows the highest. These findings suggest that incorporating RE construction can lead to significant energy savings and enhanced thermal comfort in buildings, offering practical applications for sustainable building practices and broader generalizability in similar geographical and climatic contexts.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":"122 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS-based statistical models and Remote Sensing in the Kathmandu valley, Nepal","authors":"Sneha Bhatta, B. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.66773","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.66773","url":null,"abstract":"Landslides are geological hazards that typically occur on both temporal and spatial scales in different settings, causing significant loss of life and property. The occurrences of landslides in Nepal are increasing in recent years claiming loss of lives and properties. The coupling effect of Asian monsoon and seismo-tectonic activities along with anthropogenic activities are the major cause for the landslide generation in the Nepal Himalaya. A systematic landslide research is essential to prevent or control the issues generated by landslides, including widespread damage of buildings and structures, property, cultivated areas, and loss of life. This study aims to perform a GIS-based landslide susceptibility mapping of the Kathmandu valley using bivariate statistical approaches (Frequency Ratio and Information Value) and heuristic approach. The landslide inventory data base was prepared from 2010 to 2021 using Google Earth Pro where 105 landslides were identified. Predisposing factors were categorized into different classes (Aspect, Slope, Geology, Curvature, Landuse, Distance to road, Distance to drainage, Rainfall, NDVI, and Relative relief) for the suitability mapping. The landslide susceptibility classes for all three methods were divided into three classes as low, medium, and high. Furthermore, the Frequency ratio (FR) and Information Value (IV) methods were validated through Area Under Curve (AUC) approach. The results indicate that the FR and IV approaches have predictive rates of 70.16% and 81.43%, respectively. This study is useful for geohazard assessment for infrastructure planning and land use zoning.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":" 685","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of groundnut shell for enhancing geotechnical performance of weak soil","authors":"Jhalak Man Basnet, Purnima Baidya, Bhim Kumar Dahal","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.61575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.61575","url":null,"abstract":"This research delves into the persistent challenge of strengthening weak soil for infrastructural development, exploring the potential use of agro waste such as groundnut shell ash (GSA) as a soil improvement admixture. Through a comprehensive study on various geotechnical properties of soil, different proportions of GSA, both solely and as alkaline-activated were used. The investigation evaluated Atterberg’s limits, compaction characteristics, and unconfined compressive strength. Comparative analyses revealed the efficacy of these admixtures. Results indicated that alkaline-activated GSA demonstrated superiority across all geotechnical properties, notably transforming high-plastic soil into low-plastic soil, unlike GSA-only treatments, which altered specific properties but failed to induce the desired transformation. Both additives reduced the maximum dry unit weight but increased the optimum moisture content. The alkaline-activated GSA demonstrated a lesser decrease in unit weight. Moreover, this form of GSA enhanced the compressive strength of natural soil by 11.71 times at 10% GSA content, compared to the 2.2-fold increase achieved by soil treated only with GSA content of 6%. Therefore, the results indicated the use of GSA as viable agro waste for sustainable soil stabilization of soil deposits in Kathmandu Valley.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":"118 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood loss functions as decision support for guiding resilient urban development: a case study of Gaur Municipality, Nepal","authors":"Tanka Prasad Kafle, Anup Kafle, M. Hazarika","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65280","url":null,"abstract":"Flood loss functions convert damage and loss of function into economic losses, providing critical information on expected damages from future floods. This article presents the outcomes of a study assessing the economic impacts of an extreme flood event in Gaur Municipality, Nepal, utilizing flood simulation results from a hydrodynamic model. A detailed questionnaire survey was conducted covering all parts of the municipality to collect data to assess the economic impacts of flooding on different types of buildings (e.g., adobe, masonry, and RCC frame) and agricultural lands. Subsequent statistical analysis considering building plinth height, number of stories, building age, etc., showed flood depth and duration to be the most sensitive parameters for the damage. Sets of linear and logarithmic depth-damage functions were generated and compared to predict damages for different buildings and crops. The study revealed a significant economic burden on the municipality from potential extreme floods, with estimated structural damage to residential and commercial buildings reaching NRs—225 million (US$ 3.21 million). This figure is expected to rise with time due to urbanisation growth and subsequent wealth accumulation within the municipality area. The developed flood damage functions predict damages, while the flood loss map, highlighting regional vulnerability, aids in planning development activities within the municipality and provides economic justification for long-term investments in flood protection measures. This study is the first in Nepal to generate flood damage functions, paving the way for informed and resilient urban development.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":" 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability assessment of touristic village in Nepal Himalayas: A case study of Lwang village","authors":"Pradeep Kafle, Magnus Upadhyay, Shreedhar Khakurel","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.67094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.67094","url":null,"abstract":"Nepal is located in a seismically active zone and masonry structures are widely constructed throughout the country. Lwang Village a popular tourist destination in Western Nepal contains several masonry houses. This study aims to assess the vulnerability of these buildings using the vulnerability index (Iv) method. Data from 24 houses were analysed resulting in a mean Iv of 71.3. A vulnerability curve was subsequently plotted to evaluate the potential damage under earthquake scenarios similar to the Jajarkot and Gorkha earthquakes. The analysis indicated that during an earthquake of intensity comparable to the Jajarkot event, a significant portion of buildings would experience moderate to heavy damage. In addition, an earthquake similar to the Gorkha event would result in very heavy damage to near collapse for many structures. Specifically, 45.83% of the buildings are expected to suffer heavy damage, and 50% could near collapse during an Intensity X event. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted strengthening measures to enhance the seismic resilience of buildings in Lwang Village, thereby safeguarding both the local community and the area's touristic value.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":"122 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141821937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concrete compressive strength prediction by artificial neural network approach","authors":"Jyoti Thapa","doi":"10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/joeis.v3i1.65288","url":null,"abstract":"The structural integrity of concrete structure is explicitly influenced by concrete compressive strength (CS). Timely prediction of concrete compressive strength exhibits a good performance in the field of construction. However, it is very challenging due to the unpredictable physical and mechanical properties of concrete and its constituent ingredients. To mitigate the limitation of the laboratory testing-based experimental method, this manuscript presents optimal artificial neural network (ANN) model to forecast CS. For this purpose, total number of 776 datasets were collected from previous research papers. The preprocess dataset was randomly split into training and tesing set. After that,  optimal artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed by establishing appropriate hyperparameters. The overfitting and validation loss were stabilized by loss function assessment with Adaptive Optimization Algorithms (Adam) optimizer. The ANN output results exhibit good prediction performance with R-squared value of 0.87, and errors such as MAE, MSE, and RMSE with values of 3.419 MPa, 21.909 MPA, and 4.68 MPa, respectively. In addition, SHAP value of the output model shows volume of cement and water has highest positive impact, whereas water and fly have highest negative impact on concrete compressive strength. This manuscript shows the power of machine learning techniques to timely and efficient prediction of concrete compressive strength. Thus, this optimal ANN model is applicable in concrete made infrastructure design and construction industry.","PeriodicalId":111997,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Engineering Issues and Solutions","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141822994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}