Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics最新文献_第3页

Overestimation of serum vancomycin concentrations using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (Tdx) in preterm neonates. 使用荧光偏振免疫分析法(Tdx)对早产儿血清万古霉素浓度的高估。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457559

C M Paap, G L Sharpe

{"title":"Overestimation of serum vancomycin concentrations using a fluorescence polarization immunoassay (Tdx) in preterm neonates.","authors":"C M Paap, G L Sharpe","doi":"10.1159/000457559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457559","url":null,"abstract":"Serum vancomycin concentrations determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) with a specific high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method in preterm neonates were compared. Preterm neonates (< 38 weeks gestational age) requiring vancomycin therapy and serum vancomycin concentration monitoring were enrolled. Peak serum vancomycin concentration samples were collected and independently analyzed by FPIA and HPLC. Multivariate and stratified data analysis was done with mean absolute error and mean percent error as dependent variables and independent variables as postconceptional age, postnatal age, gestational age, weight, and duration of therapy to characterize the findings. A total of 15 paired vancomycin concentrations were analyzed from neonates with a mean gestational age of 30 +/- 4 weeks. The mean percentage error of FPIA versus HPLC vancomycin concentrations was 18.1 +/- 11.1% and the mean absolute error was 3.7 +/- 2.0 mg/l. Postconceptional age, weight, and time from initiation of therapy to sample collection were independent variables which best characterized the overestimation of FPIA vancomycin concentrations. The FPIA vancomycin assay method overestimated actual vancomycin concentrations in preterm neonates. Preterm neonates less than 30 weeks postconceptional age, less than 1,200 g body weight, and duration of therapy greater than 48 h prior to concentration determination had the greatest difference in FPIA and HPLC results. Significant error in pharmacokinetic parameter estimations and dosage adjustments is possible when vancomycin concentrations are determined by FPIA.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457559","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18830195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Induction of hepatic bilirubin and drug metabolizing enzymes by individual herbs present in the traditional Chinese medicine, yin zhi huang. 中药阴栀黄对肝脏胆红素和药物代谢酶的诱导作用。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457561

J Yin, R P Wennberg, M Miller

{"title":"Induction of hepatic bilirubin and drug metabolizing enzymes by individual herbs present in the traditional Chinese medicine, yin zhi huang.","authors":"J Yin, R P Wennberg, M Miller","doi":"10.1159/000457561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457561","url":null,"abstract":"Yin Zhi Huang (YZH) is a decoction of four plants which is widely used in Asia to treat neonatal jaundice. This study compares the ability of phenobarbital and the individual herbs comprising YZH, Artemisia, Gardenia, Rheum, and Scutellaria baicalensis, to induce hepatic drug and bilirubin metabolizing enzymes in rats. Herbal decoctions (30 ml/kg/day) or phenobarbital (60 mg/kg/day) were administered for 5 days. Only phenobarbital increased cytochrome P-450 levels whereas Gardenia slightly decreased levels. Artemisia, Rheum and phenobarbital increased bilirubin glucuronyl transferase activity. Glucuronidation of alpha-naphthol was increased by Gardenia and phenobarbital, whereas Artemisia and Rheum were ineffective inducers. Phenobarbital was the most effective inducer of glutathione-S-transferase (GSHT) activity. Phenobarbital and Gardenia both induced delta 5-3-ketosteroid isomerase activity, a marker for the Ya subunit of GSHT responsible for intracellular bilirubin transport in liver. The selective patterns of enzyme induction suggest potential value for using specific plant decoctions to modify drug and bilirubin metabolic pathways.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18830198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Doppler ultrasound assessment of the effects of ketamine on neonatal cerebral circulation. 氯胺酮对新生儿脑循环影响的多普勒超声评价。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457535

P Bétrémieux, P Carré, P Pladys, O Roze, C Lefrançois, Y Mallédant

{"title":"Doppler ultrasound assessment of the effects of ketamine on neonatal cerebral circulation.","authors":"P Bétrémieux, P Carré, P Pladys, O Roze, C Lefrançois, Y Mallédant","doi":"10.1159/000457535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457535","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of a single dose of 5 mg.kg-1 of ketamine administered intravenously to 10 critically ill preterm infants prior to epicutaneo-caval catheterization were analyzed using pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound. The infants weighed between 670 and 1,885 g and their gestational ages ranged from 26 to 33 weeks. Arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2), transcutaneous carbon dioxide pressure (TcPCO2), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), peak systolic velocity (PSV), mean arterial velocity (MAV) of the cerebral anterior artery as well as Pourcelot's resistance index (PRI) were measured before and after injection of the drug. We observed a significant decrease in arterial pressure at 2 min after injection while heart rate and CO did not vary significantly. TcPO2 and TcPCO2, also remained unchanged throughout the period of measurement. EDV, PSV, and MAV did not vary significantly nor did PRI. As this drug provides major comfort to the baby during painful procedures and considerably facilitates difficult thin vessel catheterization, we believe that it may be used in such conditions.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457535","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18921692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Chronotropic and dromotropic actions of acetylcholine on the developing fetal heart. 乙酰胆碱对胎儿心脏发育的促时促动作用。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457567

P Danilo, O Binah, A Hordof

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics of paracetamol in the neonate and infant after administration of propacetamol chlorhydrate. 盐酸丙帕他莫在新生儿和婴儿体内的药代动力学。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457553

E Autret, J P Dutertre, M Breteau, A P Jonville, Y Furet, J Laugier

引用次数: 71

Comparative effects of bicarbonate, tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with normoxic lactic acidosis. 碳酸氢盐、三(羟甲基)氨基甲烷和二氯醋酸盐对新生儿常氧性乳酸酸中毒的比较效果。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457537

D B Nudel, A Camara, M Levine

{"title":"Comparative effects of bicarbonate, tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane and dichloroacetate in newborn swine with normoxic lactic acidosis.","authors":"D B Nudel, A Camara, M Levine","doi":"10.1159/000457537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457537","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 20 newborn piglets age 11.5 +/- 0.3 days and weighing 3.7 +/- 0.1 kg were studied under pentobarbital anesthesia. After stabilization following surgical procedures, baseline values for blood gases, base excess (BE), heart rate (HR), aortic pressure (AoP), left-ventricular contractility (LV dP/dtmax), carotid artery flow (CarF) and renal artery flow (RenF) were measured and normal lactic acid 0.2 ml/kg was infused over 1 h and the same parameters repeated. Then sodium bicarbonate (BC, n = 8), Tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM, n = 6) or dichloroacetate (DCA, n = 6) were infused over 1 h. The doses of BC and THAM were calculated from the standard formula: Mmol = Base deficit x kg x 0.3. DCA was given at a dose of 300 mg/kg. Following lactic acid infusion, pH was 7.00 +/- 0.4 and BE was -20.6 +/- 1.2. Acidosis was associated with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in AoP (+18.6 +/- 7.4%) and decreases in HR (-13.9 +/- 2.7%) and RenF (-43.8 +/- 10.4%). Values of dP/dtmax and CarF were higher during acidosis in all but 3 animals. Following infusion of alkalizing agents pH and BE values were highest with BC and lowest with DCA and the differences were statistically significant (p < or = 0.05). In general, all three alkalizing agents reversed, in part or completely, the changes in cardiovascular parameters associated with acidosis so that following alkali infusion the changes were not statistically significant when compared to baseline values.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457537","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18923012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Pharmacokinetics and effect of cocaine on cerebral blood flow in the newborn. 可卡因对新生儿脑血流的药代动力学及影响。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457539

E K Anday, R Lien, J M Goplerud, C D Kurth, L M Shaw

引用次数: 13

Is there a relationship between indomethacin-induced reduction in neonatal cerebral blood flow velocity and prostaglandin production? 吲哚美辛诱导的新生儿脑血流速度降低与前列腺素生成之间是否存在关系?

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457540

F van Bel, D van Zoeren, E Houdkamp, H M Berger

{"title":"Is there a relationship between indomethacin-induced reduction in neonatal cerebral blood flow velocity and prostaglandin production?","authors":"F van Bel, D van Zoeren, E Houdkamp, H M Berger","doi":"10.1159/000457540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457540","url":null,"abstract":"Indomethacin lowers neonatal cerebral perfusion immediately after intravenous administration. It is important to elucidate whether this reduction is mediated by inhibition of production of prostaglandins, especially prostacyclin, which plays an important role in the autoregulation of the neonatal cerebral vascular bed. We studied changes in cerebral blood flow by serial measurements of temporal mean flow velocity in the anterior cerebral artery (TMFV-ACA), relative cerebral vascular resistance (R-cer), and prostaglandins (measured as changes in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances concentration; TBARS) after a therapeutic dose of 0.1 mg/kg indomethacin administered intravenously for noninvasive closure of patent ductus arteriosus. TMFV-ACA decreased and R-cer increased immediately after the indomethacin administration with a sustained recovery to pre-indomethacin values. The TBARS concentrations, however, did not change during the study period. We conclude that the present study suggests that a therapeutic dose of 0.1 mg/kg of indomethacin has no impact on prostaglandin metabolism.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457540","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18923015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Effect of calcium channel agonist (BAY K8644) on volatile anesthetic-mediated depression in neonatal rabbit papillary muscle. 钙通道激动剂(BAY K8644)对新生儿兔乳头肌挥发性麻醉抑制的影响。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01

V C Baum, T S Klitzner

{"title":"Effect of calcium channel agonist (BAY K8644) on volatile anesthetic-mediated depression in neonatal rabbit papillary muscle.","authors":"V C Baum, T S Klitzner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Heart muscle is dependent on the entry of calcium from the extracellular fluid to support contraction, and neonatal hearts are particularly sensitive to reductions in transsarcolemmal entry of calcium. Accordingly, this study evaluated the ability of the calcium channel agonist BAY K8644 to prevent or reverse the myocardial depressant effects of halothane or isoflurane in right ventricular papillary muscles from neonatal rabbits. The ability of BAY K8644 to reverse reductions in force (F) and dF/dt (halothane and isoflurane) or prevent reduction (halothane) was studied. Halothane decreased F to 24 +/- 2% of baseline values (p = 0.001). The addition of BAY K8644 reversed F to only 54 +/- 3% of baseline (p = 0.001 vs. baseline and p = 0.002 vs. halothane alone). Isoflurane decreased F to 20 +/- 2% of baseline (p = 0.001) with a return to 45 +/- 4% of baseline with the addition of BAY K8644 (p = 0.0001 vs. baseline and p = 0.0025 vs. isoflurane alone). With BAY K8644 in the bath prior to the addition of halothane, halothane decreased F to 38 +/- 4% of baseline (p = 0.001). dF/dt mirrored changes in F in all studies. These data show that a calcium channel agonist is only partially effective in modulating volatile anesthetic-induced depression in neonatal rabbit ventricular papillary muscle.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18530872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endothelin 1-21 plasma levels on the first and fourth postpartum day in normal full-term neonates. 正常足月新生儿产后第一天和第四天血浆内皮素1-21水平的变化。

Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1159/000457562

A Malamitsi-Puchner, E Economou, S Sevastiadou, T Efstathopoulos, D Nicolopoulos

{"title":"Endothelin 1-21 plasma levels on the first and fourth postpartum day in normal full-term neonates.","authors":"A Malamitsi-Puchner, E Economou, S Sevastiadou, T Efstathopoulos, D Nicolopoulos","doi":"10.1159/000457562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000457562","url":null,"abstract":"Endothelins (ETs), recently discovered and highly vasoactive substances, have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various perinatal problems, such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth retardation, intraventricular hemorrhage, pulmonary hypertension and necrotizing enterocolitis. Although fetal ET levels have been measured at birth, reference ET values for healthy newborns in the first days of life have not been established. The purpose of this study was to determine in normal healthy neonates ET 1-21 plasma values on day 1 and 4 postpartum and to investigate possible changes after adaptation of the newborn to extrauterine life. The study comprised 20 healthy full-term neonates, born after vaginal delivery (n = 10), or cesarean section (CS; n = 10) because of a previous CS. Venous blood was drawn on day 1 and 4 from all neonates and ET 1-21 levels were determined in the plasma by radioimmunoassay (Amersham kit RPA 5559). ET 1-21 values were on day 1 11.83 +/- 2.39 pmol/l (n = 20) and on day 4 9.45 +/- 1.88 pmol/l (n = 20). The statistical analysis showed a significant reduction of plasma ET levels on day 4 (p = 0.004), but no influence of the mode of delivery on plasma ET levels. In conclusion irrespective of the mode of delivery the high ET 1-21 plasma levels on day 1 postpartum are significantly reduced on day 4 of life.","PeriodicalId":11160,"journal":{"name":"Developmental pharmacology and therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000457562","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18830197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7