{"title":"Segmented Stator Switched Reluctance Motor Drive for Light Electric Vehicle","authors":"P. Andrada, B. Blanqué, M. Torrent, Pol Kobeaga","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2023.321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2023.321","url":null,"abstract":"The world market of electric light vehicles will significantly increase in the coming years. What will require the development of better high-performance drives with lowcost, and, if possible, free of permanent magnets. A segmented stator switched reluctance motor is presented to fulfill this objective because it has advantages over the conventional switched reluctance machines, such as segmented stator construction, stator shorter flux paths without flux reversal, and as a consequence, fewer iron losses. Simulations will demonstrate that the proposed segmented stator switched reluctance motor drive is suitable as a powertrain for light electric vehicles.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115738407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevin Barrera-Llanga, Á. Sapena-Bañó, J. Martínez-Román, R. Puche-Panadero
{"title":"Implementing Deep Learning Models in Embedded Systems for Diagnosis Induction Machine","authors":"Kevin Barrera-Llanga, Á. Sapena-Bañó, J. Martínez-Román, R. Puche-Panadero","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2023.319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2023.319","url":null,"abstract":"Diagnosis of induction machines based on deep learning models is becoming a trend in maintenance systems of modern industry. The implementation of such systems allows low-cost industrial monitoring due to the characteristics of hardware and software. However, combining deep learning models with current embedded systems is a difficult issue due to the computational cost to run data through neural networks. In particular, balancing the resources of graphics processing unit (GPU) with modern architecture models is a challenge for prototyping induction machine diagnostic systems. In this work, a novel method is proposed to implement trained deep learning models in low-cost embedded systems. We review algorithmic optimizations for running neural network models, balancing computational resources. In addition, we propose the use of a graphical user interface (GUI) as a tool for the end user of the embedded system. The approach proposed in this work can be of great help to future researchers who develop their prototype using deep learning models and low-cost embedded systems.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133138367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
María del Carmen Hernández-Serrano, G. Leija-Hernández, Luis Alejandro Iturri-Hinojosa
{"title":"A Compact MIMO Antenna for UWB Applications","authors":"María del Carmen Hernández-Serrano, G. Leija-Hernández, Luis Alejandro Iturri-Hinojosa","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.312","url":null,"abstract":"A 2x1 compact UWB-MIMO antenna with two -10 dB impedance bandwidths of 2.6 GHz and 8.85 GHz is presented. The MIMO antenna dimension is 5.3 cm ´ 3.8 cm and is composed by two symmetrical rectangular patches, each one with a resonance frequency at 4 GHz. An EBG structure is introduced between the elements to increase de isolation and improve the MIMO antenna performance. The transmission coefficient of the MIMO antenna with EBG structure reaches a minimum of -28.9 dB at 8.18 GHz, and its maximum is -16.1 dB at 9.9 GHz. The impedance bandwidth is 5.9 GHz, and the maximum gain of the proposed antenna is 6 dBi.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131463806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficiency Improvement of Electric Vehicles By Using Winding-Less Rotor Based DC Motor","authors":"Toqeer Ahmed, Syed Tahir Mehboob","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.304","url":null,"abstract":"In electric vehicles (EVs), efficient energy consumption is very important. Based on demand, different electric motor technologies are employed by the manufacturers and are still evolving. This paper analyses the electric motors utilized in electric vehicles such as DC motor, Brushless DC (BLDC) motor, AC induction motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), switched reluctance motor (SRM), and permanent magnet synchronous reluctance motor (PM-SynRM). The advantages and disadvantages correspond to traction motors are pointed out. The main drawback is the power losses in the armature windings of the motors that reduce the overall efficiency and reduce the run per charge of EV due to additional power consumption from the battery pack. To reduce these losses, the authors have proposed a system that is more efficient as the windings from the rotor have been replaced by permanent magnets. Therefore, the power losses in armature windings have been eliminated, and reduced the power consumption by the motor from the battery pack, subsequently, the run per charge of EV has been increased. The overall efficiency of EVs has been increased to almost 100% by the proposed system. This claim is supported theoretically, graphically, as well as practically and presented in the results section of the paper. Finally, the conclusions have been made on the traction motors used in the proposed EVs model. ","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122974323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laraib Javed, B. M. Yakubu, Muhammad Waleed, Zoha Khaliq, A. Suleiman, Nura Garba Mato
{"title":"BHC-IoT: A Survey on Healthcare IoT Security Issues and Blockchain-Based Solution","authors":"Laraib Javed, B. M. Yakubu, Muhammad Waleed, Zoha Khaliq, A. Suleiman, Nura Garba Mato","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.302","url":null,"abstract":"The Internet of Things (IoT) has become one of the most widely utilized technologies in the recent decade, particularly in healthcare systems. With the usage of wearable and mobile devices, IoT-based healthcare systems have significantly increased the value of the healthcare sector, resulting in the effective use of health data exchange for enhanced, accurate, and quick diagnosis. These devices communicate, process, compute and monitor real-time scenarios via wireless or wired connections. Such devices are heterogeneous, having limited memory and computational power. The adoption of the IoT system in healthcare raises security and privacy concerns. Healthcare records containing sensitive patient data complicate this system since there is a danger of a privacy breach, privacy leakage, tampering, and so on. Blockchain technology has recently emerged as a promising solution to such breaches and problems. In this study, we consider various challenges to healthcare IoT implementation for widespread practical use, considering the security concerning the IoT layered architecture. We have categorized various layered security issues faced by IoT and specific attacks and security issues faced in communication, computation, and authentication IoT-based healthcare systems. Then we demonstrate how blockchain technology can be a key enabler in resolving numerous healthcare IoT security issues. We concluded that blockchain provides a secure and efficient way to resolve healthcare issues.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126728445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Comparison of Two Planar Electromagnetic Vibrational Energy Harvesters Designs","authors":"S. Cronin, V. Nico, J. Punch","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.297","url":null,"abstract":"Electromagnetic vibrational energy harvesters (EM-VEHs) are generally used to convert ambient vibrations into electricity to energise low-power sensor nodes forming the Internet of Things (IoT). Usually such VEHs comprise of coils and magnets orientated in the vertical direction (z-direction) but these devices tend to be quite bulky and it is hard to integrate them into printed circuit board technology. Configuring coils and magnets in a planar arrangement can lead to a more compact device and to better integration. Two planar EM-VEHs with different coil-magnet arrangements are presented in this paper. Both EM-VEHs (referred as Design 1 and Design 2) employed the same stack of five magnets in Halbach arrangement, magnetic springs and same housing. In Design 1 the stack oscillated below four coils, while in Design 2 four coils were wrapped around the housing and the stack oscillated through them. Harmonic excitation was used to experimentally compare the two prototypes and it was found that Design 2 could generate significant higher output power than Desing 1 (percentage increase ranging from 8292% at a_rms = 0.2g to 559% at a_rms = 0.6g).","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132173454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of Near Real-time GNSS PPP Time Transfer with IGS Products","authors":"Meng-Yang Chen, Haibo Yuan, Jiahui Ma, Zongyuan Li, Wei Guang, Jihai Zhang, Hong Zhang","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.265","url":null,"abstract":"The GNSS time transfer technology is the high precision time transfer method based on the navigation satellite system and has been widely applied in time and frequency. Benefiting from the development of GNSS time transfer technology and the expansion of user needs for real-time time service applications, real-time time transfer technology has become an important research direction. GNSS Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is one of the most commonly used methods of GNSS time transfer technology. With the development of the many facilities, the application of the real-time GNSS PPP has become wider and wider. In this paper, we demonstrate and evaluate the performance of the international GNSS service (IGS) products in the near real-time PPP time transfer technology. A set of the PPP solutions were computed from the observed data from the timekeeping laboratories, and three types of products provided by IGS, including Ultra-Rapid (IGU), Rapid (IGR), and Final (IGS final) orbit and clock offset products. IGS final and IGR products have extremely high accuracy and stability and are used as a reference for the time transfer with IGU product. The near real time clock offset and the comparison link performed with the IGU product can provide a time comparison service with an accuracy of 0. 5ns for near real time applications.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114209574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy-Efficient Illumination by Matrix Headlamps for Nighttime Automated Object Detection","authors":"Mirko Waldner, N. Müller, Torsten Bertram","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.295","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution at hand presents a novel approach to generate dynamic energy-optimized illumination by matrix headlamps designed for automated driving. The approach consists of a novel basic minimal illumination adapted to the current road environment with minimum brightness and a light pixel control strategy to adjust the illumination of potential objects uniformly and selectively only. The approach was developed and optimized by considering the impact of other lighting functions such as Glare-Free High Beam and marker light on the quality of object detection and possible alternatives such as symbol projection with structured light. The concept achieves a similar quality of object detection as conventional high beam, but requires only around 16% of the energy. This shows the energy saving potential of automated vehicles in combination with novel headlight control strategies.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122674565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Simulation of Wideband, High Gain Matrix Antenna with Beam Steering and Low Side-Lobe Levels Features","authors":"Paul Karmann, E. Martinod, J. Andrieu, M. Rammal","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.272","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a matrix antenna composed of radiating pixels elaborated in meta-materials is presented. The pixels are surmounted with a frequency selective structure and closed with four metallic walls. The cavity is excited by a radiating patch and filled with dielectric. This dielectric makes it possible to reduce the overall width of the pixel by increasing the dielectric length of the cavity while maintaining the performances of the pixel. The pixel is reduced to a width of 50.96 mm (0.34*λ) at 2 GHz. The -10 dB fractional bandwidth of the pixel is 22% (2-2.5 GHz). The pixel is then placed in a 17 elements matrix to achieve high steering angles. The optimization focuses on the steering capacity, the bandwidth and the side-lobes levels. On the whole band, the steering angle is more than 70° and the antenna achieves low side-lobes levels at less than -9.9 dB. A device to reduce the mutual coupling between the elements by using soft surfaces is also presented. These surfaces allow to widen the matching band while the steering is produced.","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121503586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and Fabrication of a Flapping-Wing Robot Based on Slider-Crank Mechanism","authors":"Jue Wang","doi":"10.53375/ijecer.2022.264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53375/ijecer.2022.264","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Tailless Flapping-Wing Micro Air Vehicles (FW-MAVs) have gained more attention recently because they utilize energy more efficiently compared to fixed-wing aircraft and rotorcrafts. FW-MAVs could be used commercially to explore confined spaces with insufficient air or serve as surveillance robots. However, due to their use of unsteady aerodynamics and small size, the research and design process is very complicated. In this paper, I propose a flight mechanism for a light-weighted, two-winged, hummingbird-inspired flapping-wing robot. Five versions of the robot were built; each version improved upon the issues of the previous one. Calculations were performed to optimize the stroke amplitude and the transmission ratio of the gears. Four groups of control experiments were conducted to investigate the relationship between different factors (voltage, motor type, wing area, and the number of veins) and the robot’s lift, which was monitored by a pressure sensor. I analyzed the results from the experiments and built a final version of the robot based on a slider-crank mechanism. The main structure of the final version is made of three 3mm carbon fiber boards, and the wings are made of 0.025mm PET (polyethylene terephthalate) material, reinforced by three carbon fiber rods: two 0.5mm ones across the membrane and a 1mm one at the leading edge. The robot weighs 16.3g and can produce enough lift to overcome its gravity under 9V with an off-board power source by exhibiting an upward trend during a tethered flight test. \u0000","PeriodicalId":111426,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering Research","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134082102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}