Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography最新文献

{"title":"Latitudinal variation in zooplankton over the Emperor Seamounts (34°–44° N, 170°–171° E) during the summer of 2019","authors":"Valentina V. Kasyan","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The horizontal and vertical distributions of zooplankton over the Emperor Seamounts (Koko, Jingu, Nintoku, and Suiko guyots) were analyzed. The zooplankton was represented by four genera of amphipods, seven genera of pteropods, 39 genera of copepods, and larvae of benthic invertebrates and fish. The abundance and biomass of zooplankton increased towards higher latitudes along the series Koko &lt; Jingu &lt; Nintoku &lt; Suiko guyots. The highest index of diversity was recorded over the Koko and Jingu guyots; the highest species richness occurred over the Jingu and Nintoku guyots. Small-sized copepods, appendicularians, chaetognaths, euphausiids, and fish eggs and larvae concentrated in the epipelagic; large copepods and ostracods were concentrated in the mesopelagic. We identified three types of zooplankton assemblages: a Subtropical assemblage between 34°–35°N characterized by tropical/subtropical forms; a Transition assemblage characterized by subtropical, subarctic, and widespread species between 38°–41°N; and a Subarctic assemblage characterized by subarctic and widespread species between 43°–44°N. The spatial distribution of zooplankton was a function of environmental variables such as surface salinity, temperature at 200 m, and, to a certain extent, by surface Chl-<em>a</em> concentrations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methane distribution above the Emperor Seamount chain","authors":"Nikita S. Polonik,&nbsp;Alexey A. Legkodimov","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dissolved methane (CH₄) concentrations were measured in the water column at 25 stations along the four sections above Koko and Jingu guyots (the southern part of Emperor Seamount chain). The measured methane concentrations were relatively low (1–6.5 nM). The patterns of CH₄ vertical distributions over Koko and Jingu were different. The greatest dissolved methane concentrations (6.5 nM) were found in the near-bottom layer (357 m) above the Koko summit. For Koko guyot, the greatest CH₄ content (3.9–6.5 nM) was mainly associated with the subsurface (10–300 m) layer above the summit. However, another methane plume (6 nM) was detected at 1000 m on the western slope of the guyot. We propose that methane maximum was caused by the influence of the Kuroshio Extension or deep eddies. The CH₄ distribution over Jingu gyuot was similar to that in open ocean waters. The greatest methane concentrations (3.8–6 nM) were found in the subsurface layers above the summit. Methane exceeded atmospheric equilibrium concentration in the surface (5–52 % supersaturation) layer for both Koko and Jingu. The methane content and supersaturation level in the subsurface layer was at least two times higher than previously measured values for the open ocean. We believe that the high methane and supersaturation level was caused by enhanced methanogenesis in the water column above the seamounts. The estimated methane flux to the atmosphere varied from 1.4 to 16.3 μmol m⁻² day⁻¹ for Koko and from 0.5 to 6.5 μmol m⁻² day⁻¹ for Jingu, respectively. The average fluxes calculated for Koko (8.37 μmol m⁻² day⁻¹) and Jingu (2.8 μmol m⁻² day⁻¹) were significantly greater than the average flux for open and coastal oceans. Given the substantial methane atmospheric contributions, the global methane budget should be reconsidered.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocean-atmosphere-ice processes in the Ross Sea: A review","authors":"Pierpaolo Falco ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Aulicino ,&nbsp;Pasquale Castagno ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Capozzi ,&nbsp;Paola de Ruggiero ,&nbsp;Angela Garzia ,&nbsp;Antonino Ian Ferola ,&nbsp;Yuri Cotroneo ,&nbsp;Alessio Colella ,&nbsp;Giannetta Fusco ,&nbsp;Stefano Pierini ,&nbsp;Giorgio Budillon ,&nbsp;Enrico Zambianchi ,&nbsp;Giancarlo Spezie","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ross Sea has been the site of extensive investigations since the earliest days of polar exploration. The International Geophysical Year of 1957-58 enhanced research activities with the establishment of scientific stations and the collection of oceanographic observations in the area. While many features of its oceanography, ecology, physics, glaciology, geology, and biogeochemistry are known, recent advances provide new insights into its structure and function, as well as into its relationship to global climate. We present a comprehensive review of the advances of understanding the main processes occurring in the area, such as the formation of dense shelf water and the production of Antarctic Bottom Water (AABW), as well as the main drivers (at both large and local scales) of local dynamics and water mass variability. We also summarize the main modeling applications, which are still limited and need to be improved using high-resolution models and, locally, limited-area models to explain processes driven mainly by thermodynamics and water-mass transformations. The Ross Sea forms the most saline AABW due to the activity of two polynyas in the western sector. A salinity gradient occurs on the shelf, with fresh Low Salinity Shelf Waters concentrated in the eastern Ross Sea, which is influenced by the inflow of fresh water from the Amundsen and Bellingshausen Seas. This freshwater inflow was thought to be the cause of a multi-decadal freshening of the High Salinity Shelf Water, precursor to the AABW, although a rebound in salinity in the Ross Sea has been observed since 2014. The increase in salinity has also affected the production of AABW, with the respective rebound occurring almost simultaneously.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring sea ice transport dynamics at the eastern gate of the Ross Sea","authors":"Naomi Krauzig ,&nbsp;Daniela Flocco ,&nbsp;Stefan Kern ,&nbsp;Enrico Zambianchi","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As Antarctic sea ice extent continues to reach record lows, significant efforts have been directed towards understanding the underlying processes and their regional differences within the Southern Ocean. Here, we explore the dynamics of zonal sea ice transport at the eastern gate of the Ross Sea from 1988 to 2023 using GIOMAS-model and ERA5-reanalysis data. Our analysis reveals a modest overall increase in eastward sea ice transport (3.721 ± 0.672 km³/month per decade), with diverging trends in the coastal and open ocean zones. Driven by easterly winds and the Antarctic Slope Current, the predominant westward transport in the coastal region experienced a significant rise during the early 2000s, followed by a steep decline post-2011. Conversely, driven by the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, the strong open-ocean transport exhibited a moderate increase towards the Amundsen Sea until the late 1990s, which was interrupted by a reversal in 2007. The variability of zonal sea ice transport and its underlying conditions (sea ice concentration, thickness, and zonal drift) revealed considerable shifts throughout the different decades and on seasonal scales. During austral winter, approximately half of the zonal sea ice transport variability seems to be driven by large-scale teleconnections, including the Southern Annular Mode, Southern Oscillation Index, Amundsen Sea Low and the Zonal Wave 3 with considerable impacts on the wind stress field. Whereas during summer, the Southern Oscillation Index emerges as the dominant driver, exhibiting a significant positive correlation (r=0.55, p&lt;0.001) that reflects the influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, while other teleconnections play minimal roles. Our study highlights the complex nature of sea ice transport through the eastern gate of the Ross Sea towards the Amundsen Seas, where contrasting climatic conditions are known to occur.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142657493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Second International Indian Ocean Expedition (IIOE-2): Motivating New Exploration in a Poorly Understood Ocean Basin (Volume 6)","authors":"Raleigh R. Hood,&nbsp;Lynnath E. Beckley,&nbsp;V.V.S.S. Sarma,&nbsp;P.N. Vinayachandran","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105427","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscale cyclonic eddies born in an eastern boundary upwelling system enhance microbial eukaryote diversity in oligotrophic offshore waters","authors":"Sven Nicolai Katzenmeier ,&nbsp;Maren Nothof ,&nbsp;Hans-Werner Breiner ,&nbsp;Tim Fischer ,&nbsp;Thorsten Stoeck","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mesoscale eddies which originate in Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) such as the Canary Current System, entrap nutrient-rich coastal water and travel offshore while aging. We have analyzed the protistan plankton community structures in the deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM), sub-DCM, and oxygen minimum zone (OMZ) of three differently aged cyclonic EBUS eddies off Northwest Africa, as well as of non-eddy affected reference sites, using DNA metabarcoding. Throughout all water depths, we found that the investigated eddies generated local dispersal-driven hotspots of protistan plankton diversity in the naturally oligotrophic subtropical offshore waters off Northwest Africa. Based on the taxonomic composition of protistan plankton communities, these diversity hotspots are likely to play an important role in carbon sequestration and for regional food webs up to top predatory levels. Thereby, the life-span of an eddy emerged as an important criterion, how local offshore protistan plankton diversity is transformed quantitatively and qualitatively: each of the three eddies was characterized by notably distinct protistan plankton communities. This could be linked to the physicochemical water properties (predominantly macronutrients, temperature, and salinity) of the eddies' cores and rings, which experience pronounced changes during the eddies’ westward trajectories. Furthermore, we found evidence that eddy-specific deep-water protistan communities are relatively short-lived compared to the ones in the sunlit DCM. However, our results do not only witness from the importance of fine-scale physical ocean features for regional ecosystem processes, but they also show the complexity of these ocean features and that we are still far from understanding the biological processes and their driving forces in such features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into the diet of early stages of mesopelagic fishes in the Indian Ocean using DNA metabarcoding","authors":"Aimee L. van der Reis ,&nbsp;Richard O'Rorke ,&nbsp;M. Pilar Olivar ,&nbsp;Lynnath E. Beckley ,&nbsp;Andrew G. Jeffs","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite playing a critical role in oligotrophic ocean food webs, relatively little is known about the diet of mesopelagic fishes in the Indian Ocean. These fishes are an abundant component of the micronekton assemblages and are a major energy- and nutrient-rich food source, linking the plankton which they feed on to marine predators at higher trophic levels. DNA metabarcoding, a molecular method to identify species from mixed assemblages, has not been commonly used in studies of mesopelagic fish diet, but using it to analyse gut contents can greatly improve the understanding of mesopelagic fish feeding ecology. In this study, we apply DNA metabarcoding (18S rRNA and COI) to gut contents from Stomiiformes and Myctophiformes species from 20 sampling stations covering 30° of latitude on the 110°E meridian in the Indian Ocean. In total, 174 fish specimens from 13 genera were examined. Differences in the gut contents among fish families, geographic areas and fish stages were identified. Specimens within the family Myctophidae had the most diverse diet, more so in the northern sampling stations than the south. Gonostomatidae had the least diverse diet. Overall, the most frequently identified prey items from the gut contents were calanoid copepods and halocyprid ostracods. The proportion of halocyprids were also identified to be significantly different among Myctophidae larvae and juvenile specimens, which is a potential ontogenic shift in diet towards a higher ostracod contribution in juveniles as mouth gape increases. In comparison with other plankton abundance data, Copepoda were the most abundant plankton in the gut contents of all fishes sampled throughout the latitudinal gradient, allowing them to be a potential food resource through the region. There are indications that other less abundant plankton, such as Ostracoda and Malacostraca, may be preferentially targeted by some mesopelagic fish families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142420294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geomorphology and oceanography of central-eastern Indian Ocean seamounts","authors":"T.D. O'Hara","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The marine region around Christmas Island and Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the eastern Indian Ocean includes a large number of under-researched seamounts. Here novel geomorphological and oceanographic data from the RV Investigator IN2021_V04 and IN2022_V08 expeditions to the region are presented to demonstrate the variety of form, size and height of these seamounts, and their spatial and bathymetric relationship to the various water masses present in the region. This includes the discovery of a large extinct caldera (‘Eye of Sauron’) at 3100–3700 m depth southeast of Christmas Island and a circular volcanic crater south of Cocos (Keeling) Islands at 3800–4000 m. Eleven seamounts were mapped for the first time, and mapping was completed or extended for a further 23, including the massive Muirfield seamount that summits at 17 m below sea-level. The presence is documented of another relatively shallow seamount (‘Green-eye’, summit 438 m) at the southernmost end of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands Territory. The new data emphasises the scarcity of shallow habitat (above 2000 m) for benthic biodiversity from the region, and the eastern Indian Ocean in general, and its importance for conservation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution characteristics of microplastics in the surface mixed layer of the western Indian Ocean","authors":"Eun-Ran Baek ,&nbsp;Minju Kim ,&nbsp;Dong-Jin Kang ,&nbsp;Jung-Hoon Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The abundance, characteristics, and distribution of microplastics in almost all aquatic environments have been well documented. However, the distribution of microplastics in open oceans, especially in the western Indian Ocean, is rarely studied. Hence, for the first time, we determined the meridional distribution characteristics of microplastics in the surface mixed layer of the western Indian Ocean during the boreal summer monsoon in 2017. We used the multiple opening and closing nets and environmental sampling system to collect microplastics from 11 stations between 5°N and 16°S along 67°E in the western Indian Ocean; the surveyed stations with similar temperature and salinity profiles were clustered into four groups. Microplastics were detected at all sampling stations. The mean abundance of microplastics in the study area was 0.23 ± 0.04 particles/m³, and black-colored polyester fibers 1.0–5.0 mm in size were the most abundant type of microplastics among the samples collected. However, the mean abundance of microplastics differed among the clustered groups due to the influence of different ocean currents associated with each group, indicating meridional heterogeneity in the distribution of microplastics in the surface mixed layer of the western Indian Ocean. These findings provide reliable information for a better understanding of the characteristics of microplastics in the surface waters of the western Indian Ocean.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local size structure and distribution of demersal fish in relation to sea pens and other benthic habitats in a deep-sea soft-bottom environment","authors":"Marion Boulard ,&nbsp;Krista Baker ,&nbsp;Peter Lawton ,&nbsp;Evan Edinger","doi":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dsr2.2024.105417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many fish species undergo ontogenetic habitat shifts as they grow to fulfill new biological, ecological and environmental requirements. While relationships between fishes and large hard-substrate cold-water corals (CWC) (<em>e.g</em>., <em>Desmophyllum pertusum</em> reefs) have frequently been studied, there are relatively fewer studies examining the relationships of fish with habitats specifically provided by smaller corals (<em>e.g</em>., sea pens) in soft-bottom environments. Despite this knowledge gap around soft-bottom corals, growing evidence of their importance has nonetheless justified their inclusion as conservation targets in numerous Marine Protected Areas (MPA), including the Canadian Laurentian Channel MPA. Here, we performed ROV and near-seabed drift-camera system surveys within the Laurentian Channel MPA in 2017 and 2018 to assess the influence of fish body size and habitat type on fish small-scale distribution in a low-relief deep-sea soft-sediment environment. We compared the local size structure of the four most abundant deep-sea demersal fish taxa of the channel (Redfish (<em>Sebastes</em> spp.), Witch Flounder (<em>Glyptocephalus cynoglossus</em>), Marlin-Spike Grenadier (<em>Nezumia bairdii</em>) and Longfin Hake (<em>Phycis chesteri</em>)) across one barren and five structural benthic habitats defined by the presence of nine dominant epibenthic invertebrates (actiniarians and CWCs). We used generalized additive models to identify biotic (benthic habitats) and abiotic (depth, bottom types) covariates of size for each taxon. We observed 15,381 fish within the 43.6-ha study area, of which 7,511 fish were measured. Juveniles represented 99% of all fish measured, with a notable increase in average fish size in 2018. While we did not find any associations between benthic habitats and fish life stages, the analysis revealed a significant increase in fish size within sea pen habitats for all four taxa. Conversely, we found a taxon-specific influence of bottom type on fish size for all taxa. In addition, Redfish and Longfin Hake size was positively correlated with depth. For deep-sea demersal fish taxa of the MPA, our results suggest that 1) sea pens provide nursery habitat for early-life stages, 2) fish undergo ontogenetic shifts in micro-habitat use and specialization, and 3) fish-habitat associations appear to be facultative rather than obligate. Through the use of <em>in</em><em>-</em><em>situ</em> video data, this study provided evidence that small and large fish do not use the same micro-habitats, and that sea pens contribute significantly to fish habitat despite providing less habitat heterogeneity than reef-forming scleractinians or large gorgonians. These results contribute to empirical understanding of fish-habitat relationships at different fish life stages and may inform fisheries management, as well as monitoring efforts in the MPA and other protected deep-sea environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":11120,"journal":{"name":"Deep-sea Research Part Ii-topical Studies in Oceanography","volume":"218 ","pages":"Article 105417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064524000614/pdfft?md5=2cc332d3cc95da1c85ac8147bf3d6a84&pid=1-s2.0-S0967064524000614-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142161626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}