Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Alkali Modification: An Approach to Improve Surface Properties of Biochar From Easily Available Feedstocks","authors":"A. Siddika, Mf Hossain, Z. Parveen","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i2.60880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i2.60880","url":null,"abstract":"Biochar is a stable carbon-rich material whose potentials can be greatly enhanced by modification with simple treatments. Easily available two different biochars such as rice stubble biochar (RSB) and saw dust biochar (SDB) were slowly pyrolyzed (450±50°C) and modified with KOH as RSB-M and SDB-M respectively. Represented biochars were analyzed to know their physicochemical characteristics and nutrient contents. Results revealed that nutrient contents such as total N, P and S of RSB and SDB were found maximum whereas RSB-M and SDB-M showed the lowest nutrient contents. All the biochars possessed pH value higher than 7. In case of organic C, the values of RSB-M (19.97%) and SDBM (17.83%) were the highest and RSB (17.32%) and SDB (14.80%) were the lowest. All the biochars showed very low concentration of heavy metals (such as Cr, Cd, Pb and Ni). Water holding capacity, average particle size and surface area were higher in the RSB-M and SDB-M compared to unmodified RSB and SDB. These findings showed that alkali-modified biochars had better surface properties than unmodified biochars.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(2): 213-223, 2022 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85136155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquaculture Status in Southern Bangladesh With Special Emphasis on Disease Induced Loss","authors":"Md. Inja-Mamun Haque, T. Mazumder, Ranajit Kumar, Afm Nazmus Salehin, S. Debnath, Ripon Ghosh, S. C. Mandal","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v31i2.60884","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v31i2.60884","url":null,"abstract":"Culture fisheries contributes a major share of fisheries production of Bangladesh which is the accumulation of aquaculture production of every fish farms of the country. However, the actual production of cultured fish (finfish and shellfish) and cost-benefit of the farms are not well documented. Moreover, the farms must overcome a lot of constrains for sustainable production. The present study was thus designed to determine the present aquaculture status in some parts of Bangladesh and to identify the problems for the loss of aquaculture production through questionnaire survey between July 2019 and January 2020. The study areas included Bhola, Rangamati, Khulna, Satkhira, Jashore and Madaripur upazila. In the study area, the relationship between different aspects of aquaculture was determined where pond size and production cost per hectare; pond size and profit per hectare and per unit production cost and profit were found to be significantly and positively correlated. The production and production cost per hectare were also determined which were 3.52±0.40 metric tons and 6260±987 USD, respectively. The fish farmers reported some degrees of reduction of profits compare to the profit obtained during 2018-2019. The reduction of expected profit in different regions ranged between 10 and 33%. The major causes of the production loss in the survey regions were related to disease, seed and feed. Among different diseases viral, bacterial and parasitic diseases were reported where diseases were identified based on the symptoms. Findings of the present study suggest that incorporation of management, modern technology and economic aspects for steady growth of aquaculture sector is needed in Bangladesh.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 31(2): 257-271, 2022 (July)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85729293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rat eater and non-rat eater species killed by the people during the rodent outbreaks: An assessment in Ruma upazila of Bandarban hill district","authors":"N. Chakma, N. J. Sarker, S. Belmain, Sohrab Uddin Sarker","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59038","url":null,"abstract":"An assessment was done to assess the intensity of rat eater and non-rat eaters’ species killed by the people during the rodent outbreaks in association with Melocanna baccifera bamboo flowering in the village of Basatlang, Neweden, Munlai, Mualpi and Ruma sadar market area of Ruma upazila of Bandarban district. The other objectives of the study were to support the future control of rodent outbreaks and conservation of wild animal species. A structured data sheet was used to record the hunted rat eater and non-rat eaters’ data from June 2009 to December 2012. Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index and Simpson’s diversity index were also calculated to assess the diversity of rat eaters and non-rat eater species. The study revealed that a total of 628 numbers of hunted rat eater and non-rat eater animals (average 14.60 numbers per month) recorded with 41 species. Of them, 12 species of mammals, 11 species of reptiles and 18 species of Aves. The overall hunted rat eater and non-rat eater diversity indices were 2.59 for Shannon-Wiener’s diversity index, and 0.82 for Simpson’s diversity index that indicate high species diversity. Irrawaddy squirrel, Tokay gecko, wild boar, deer and red-vented Bulbul were the top five hunted non-rat eater species. Domestic dog, monitor lizard, jungle cat, domestic cat and striped keelback snake were the top five rat eater species hunted by the people. Consumption and economic return were the main reasons for hunting the animals. These findings can be used to raise public awareness along with application of Wildlife (Conservation and Security) Act, 2012 to stop killing of rat eater and non-rat eater species during the rodent outbreaks and non-outbreaks period in the study areas, and elsewhere in Chattogram Hill Districts.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 465-477, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90509796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Haplotype analysis of Bangladeshi β-thalassaemia patients: A pilot study","authors":"Ama Bashar, MM Moosa, MI Ayub, M. Rahaman, G. Sarwardi, W. Khan, H. Khan, S. Yeasmin","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59039","url":null,"abstract":"β-thalassaemia is one of the major genetic disorders in Bangladeshi population. Nevertheless, systematic study on the genetic basis of this disease in Bangladeshi population is very limited. The major aim of this study was to identify and characterize the β-globin gene cluster haplotype in Bangladeshi β-thalassaemia patients. For this, β-thalassaemia patients diagnosed on haematological observations were tested at the genetic level for different β-globin cluster haplotypes. Twenty-eight β-globin gene clusters of fourteen confirmed β-thalassaemia patients were analyzed using PCR amplification and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Type VII haplotype was found to be the most common β-globin gene cluster haplotype in the studied population. Two of the patients had Type VII haplotype in homozygous form. Only one patient had atypical haplotype in one locus. The study reports β-globin cluster haplotype of fourteen Bangladeshi patients for the first time. However, it should be noted that small size precludes the possibility of determining the detailed distribution of different haplotypes and their association with different β-thalassaemia mutations.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 479-486, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87796041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interactive effects of poultry litter compost and chemical fertilizers on macronutrients, oil and protein content in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)","authors":"Md. Alauddin, Mk Rahman, Ahmz Ali","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59029","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was carried out at the research farm of Charfasson Govt. College, Bhola, during rabi season in 2016-2017 to evaluate the effect of poultry litter compost and NPK fertilizers on concentration, uptake, oil and protein content of sunflower cv. BARI-2 (Keroni-2). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (CRBD) having sixteen treatments with three replications. The unit plot size was 3 m x 2 m. Treatments were T1: Control (- PL and -NPK), T2:1.5 t PL ha-1, T3:3 t PL ha-1, T4: 4.5 t PL ha-1, T5:N40P30K50 kg ha-1, T6:N80P60K100 kg ha-1, T7:N120P90K150 kg ha-1, T8: 1.5 t PL ha-1+N40P30K50 kg ha-1, T9:1.5 t PL ha-1+ N80P60K100 kg ha- 1, T10:1.5 t PL ha-1+ N120P90K150 kg ha-1, T11: 3 t PL ha-1+N40P30K50 kg ha-1, T12: 3 ton PL ha-1+ N80P60K100 kg ha-1, T13:3 t PL ha-1+ N120P90K150 kg ha-1, T14: 4.5 t PL ha-1+N40P30K50 kg ha-1, T15:4.5 t PL ha-1+ N80P60K100 kg ha-1 and T16:4.5 t PL ha-1+ N120P90K150 kg ha-1. Sixty plants were grown in each plot for 90 days. Maximum values of NPKS concentration (%) in different organs of sunflower were 0.65, 0.42, 1.80, 0.17 for stem; 1.02, 0.54, 1.54, 0.18 for root; 4.47, 0.57, 3.14, 0.20 for leaf; 2.60, 0.64, 3.20, 0.32 for petiole and 5.18, 0.86, 1.02, 0.31 for seed due to application of poultry litter and NPK fertilizers. The highest concentrations of NPKS of different organs of sunflower at maturity, were found significantly (P<0.05) higher in combined treatments 5 t PL ha-1 + N120P90K150kg ha-1 and 7.5 t PL ha-1 + N120P90K150kg ha-1, respectively, in most of the cases. However, their uptake pattern also followed the same trend as in concentration and those were found in same treatments in most of the cases. The lowest concentration and uptake were measured almost in control treatment (-PL and -NPK). Content of oil and protein increased variably due to variation in treatments. The highest content of oil in seed (47.7%) was extracted from the treatment 5 t PL ha-1 + N80P60K100kg ha-1 and the lowest value (37.7%) was recorded in the highest dose of NPK fertilizers and poultry litter which was lower than control treatment. Protein content also followed the same pattern as in oil. The highest content of protein (31.8%) was recorded from the treatment 5 t PL ha-1 + N120P90K150kg ha-1 and the lowest values (18.8%) was observed in control treatment. The overall findings of this study indicated that poultry litter compost in combination with chemical fertilizers can be applied to achieve better concentration, uptake of NPKS in different organs and oil and protein content in seeds of sunflower under field conditions at coastal zone.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 359-369, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88897349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive impairment among cancer patients experiencing chemotherapy","authors":"Mohammad Zayeed Bin Alam, Md Shahanur Hossain","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59037","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to investigate whether chemotherapy had any particular role on cognitive impairment i.e. difficulties in executive functioning, working memory, naming ability, attention, language, abstraction, orientation, and visuo-spatial constructional and recall ability, among cancer patients in Bangladesh. Sixty cancer patients and thirty healthy individuals were recruited for this study by purposive sampling. Among these cancer patients 30 had experienced chemotherapy and remain 30 had experienced radiotherapy/ surgery/no treatment at all. We used Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment to investigate cognitive impairment and Bangla version of Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale to assess emotional distress. Findings revealed that cancer patients in general experience significantly more cognitive difficulties than healthy individuals. Regarding the attention, visual and auditory memory and executive ability the problems are more dominant. Chemotherapy group performed in all aspects of cognitive testing significantly lower than other treatment group. Statistical tests indicated no role of emotional distress on neuropsychological performance. Males with cancer are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment. In a nutshell, this study indicates that cancer patients in Bangladesh experience cognitive impairment and especially patients treated with chemotherapy are more likely to experience cognitive impairment.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 453-464, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89268405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro regeneration and overexpression of pea DNA helicase 45 (PDH45) gene through Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation in oilseed Brassica spp.","authors":"Md. Ibrahim Khalil, S. Mitra, Tamanna Islam Toma, M. Hoque, Rakha Hari Sarker","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59028","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient genotype independent method for in vitro regeneration and genetic transformation of Brassica spp. viz. Brassica juncea and Brassica napus have been developed for the local varieties using cotyledonary leaf with petioles and hypocotyls as explants. Explants obtained from 6-day old aseptically grown seedlings were inoculated and co-cultivated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harbouring a binary vector with PDH45 gene under the regulatory control of 35s promoter and terminator sequences, permitting transformed shoots to be selected on hygromycin containing medium. Well rooted transformed plants were transferred to pots containing soil and after acclimatization the plants were maintained under controlled environmental condition. A total of 9 transformed plants were obtained from BARI Sarisha-8 variety, presumably indicating this protocol is more amenable to genotype independent genetic transformation. Integration and expression of the introduced transgene (PDH45 and hptII) were analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Factors influencing transformation efficiency include explant age, optical density of Agrobacterium culture for infection, duration of infection and co-cultivation with Agrobacterium were also assessed. Genetic transformation method developed in this study certainly could be utilized for introducing abiotic stress resistance in the local cultivars of oilseed Brassica.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 345-358, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76947199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and gender as factors in visual photographic memory","authors":"M. Khanam","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59031","url":null,"abstract":"Exploring the role of gender and age in visual photographic memory were the objectives of the present study. A sample of 60 boys and 60 girls, aged between 11 to 16 years, participated in the current study. Results indicated that boys outperformed girls in visual photographic memory task. Age also found to be a significant variable. Significant mean differences have been observed among the respondents of 13, 14, 15, and 16 year with 11 year; 12 with 16; 13, 14, 15 with only 11 and finally 16 with age 11 and 12. Results revealed that there exists a significant mean difference between age 11 and 16. Findings also showed that visual memory increases with increasing age. But the rate of development is not same through all the years.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 385-392, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79549604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aquaculture practices among the fish farmers of Bhaluka upazila, Mymensingh - Scenario from a decade and half ago","authors":"Md Musleh Uddin Hasan, M. Zaman, Md. Niamul Naser","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59041","url":null,"abstract":"Mymensingh is the top inland aquaculture producer in Bangladesh. This study was undertaken to identify the barriers to develop earthen pond fish farming entrepreneurship in Bhaluka Upazila, Mymensingh about a decade and half ago when the fish culture revolution has been started. In this study, fish farmers were selected randomly from three villages that followed mono or composite-fish culture in earthen pond environment. More than 14 species being cultured of which half of them were exotic. The feasibility of pond fish culture was found viable due to proper communication with Dhaka wholesale fish market along with other destinations. In addition, hatchery sources of fish fry and fingerling, access to fish feed and financial support were further encouraged farming these perishable items. Education level of farmers, lack of technical knowledge of fish culture, poor extension service and lack of information about the pond management were identified as the potential barriers for the improvement of fish farming entrepreneurship. The higher stocking density as well as poor water quality conditions were facilitated to lead lower fish production and profit. The small-scale farmers (47.79%) with higher stocking density had lower profit (Tk 1.44 /fish) and large-scale farmers (19.85%) with lower stocking density showed higher profit margin of Tk 3.53 /fish. Therefore, this study suggests the optimal fish stocking density in earthen pond fish farming system which could be augment the fish production and enhanced profitability.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 499-509, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78792641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptation of child and adolescent worry scale (caws) in Bangla","authors":"M. Haque","doi":"10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v30i3.59034","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to adapt the Child and Adolescent Worry Scale (CAWS) to use in the context of Bangladesh. The original scale developed by Campbell and Rapee in 1994 consisted of 20 items and higher scores on the scale indicate higher anxiety. Standard procedure for adaptation was followed. Item analysis was done on school going 130 mainstream and special need children aged between 6 to 15 years. The Cronbach’s Alpha and test-retest reliability was found to be .799 and .858 respectively for the adapted scale indicating high level of reliability. Criterion-related validity was measured by calculating concurrent and postdictive validity. Concurrent validity was measured by computing correlation (r= .912, p=.001) between the adapted scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory. Similarly, correlation value of postdictive validity was found to be .806, p=.001. Both measures ensured that the adapted scale measures the same construct as the original one. Moreover, the Mann-Whitney U test also indicated that the scale could differentiate between the mainstream and special need children regarding their worry/anxiety. Worry score was greater for the special need children than the other group (U= 608.50 at p =.001). It indicates that the adapted scale has good sensitivity to varying levels of anxiety severity. The psychometric properties of the Bangla CAWS suggest that professionals and the researchers can use the scale to assess children and adolescent’s overall level of anxiety in Bangladeshi context.\u0000Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 30(3 CSI): 417-427, 2022 (June)","PeriodicalId":11095,"journal":{"name":"Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77870457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}