Cytologia最新文献_第4页

The insecticide spirotetramat may induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. and Vicia faba L. 杀虫剂螺虫可对大蒜分生组织细胞产生细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用。L.和l

4区生物学

Cytologia Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.88.225

Ali Bouzekri, Meryem Nassar, Souheila Slimani

{"title":"The insecticide spirotetramat may induce cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on meristematic cells of Allium cepa L. and Vicia faba L.","authors":"Ali Bouzekri, Meryem Nassar, Souheila Slimani","doi":"10.1508/cytologia.88.225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.88.225","url":null,"abstract":"Spirotetramat (SPT) is a new insecticide derivative of tetronic acid used extensively in agriculture to enhance the protection of major food crops against scales and aphids. This study aims to determine SPT’s cytotoxic and genotoxic effects using two model plants, Allium cepa and Vicia faba. This evaluation consists of studying the root growth, morphology, and color and the parameters of mitotic index (MI) and chromosome aberrations (CAs) as accurate toxicity markers. Our results showed a significant decrease in mean root length in A. cepa from the 0.0025% concentration. In contrast, a substantial reduction in mean root length in V. faba was recorded only at the 0.02% concentration. Furthermore, the MI was decreased proportionally with increasing concentration and time of exposure to SPT. A significant increase in CAs was observed in A. cepa and V. faba from the 0.0025% concentration after 24 h of treatment. The substantial reduction in MI and abundance of CAs indicated strong genotoxicity of SPT. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that SPT could be absorbed by the exposed plant or other non-target organisms in the proximity, causing damage to agricultural plants, affecting their genomes, and harming the environment.","PeriodicalId":10992,"journal":{"name":"Cytologia","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcriptionally active regions are highly limited in the nucleus of the plant sperm cell 在植物精细胞的细胞核中，转录活性区域是非常有限的

4区生物学

Cytologia Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.88.273

Mio K. Shibuta, Sachihiro Matsunaga

{"title":"Transcriptionally active regions are highly limited in the nucleus of the plant sperm cell","authors":"Mio K. Shibuta, Sachihiro Matsunaga","doi":"10.1508/cytologia.88.273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.88.273","url":null,"abstract":"Flowering plants have immotile sperm cells that are delivered to the female gametes by the pollen tube cell. Although the sperm chromatin in flowering plants is highly condensed like animal sperm chromatin, it is generally accepted that the transcription status in the sperm chromatin of flowering plants is active because of the existence of active gene promoters and active histone modification status. However, the level of transcriptional activity in the sperm chromatin of flowering plants has remained unknown. In this study, we observed the distribution of C-terminal domain-phosphorylated RNA polymerase II (RNAPII), which represents a transcriptionally active status in living pollen, and fixed isolated vegetative and sperm nuclei of Arabidopsis thaliana. We found that the transcriptionally active regions were highly limited in sperm chromatin compared with those in vegetative chromatin. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis showed that the transcription of some RNAPII subunit-encoding genes was highly suppressed in sperm cells, suggesting that the amount of functional RNAPII would be small. In addition, the C-terminal domains of some RNAPII phosphatase-encoding genes, which act as a regulator of the transcription cycle, were actively transcribed in sperm cells. These findings indicate that transcriptional activity is highly suppressed in the sperm chromatin in A. thaliana due to the lack of completely assembled RNAPII and the inhibition of transcriptional elongation of RNAPII by the phosphatase activities.","PeriodicalId":10992,"journal":{"name":"Cytologia","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Professor Koichiro Tsunewaki: Virtuoso of wheat genetics Koichiro Tsunewaki教授:小麦遗传学大师

4区生物学

Cytologia Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.88.175

Yasunari Ogihara

引用次数: 0

Developmental differences between hermaphrodite and female-like flowers in a non-model horticultural plant Dianthus hybrida 雌雄同体花与雌花在非模式园艺植物中的发育差异杂交石竹</i&gt

4区生物学

Cytologia Pub Date : 2023-09-25 DOI: 10.1508/cytologia.88.265

Alvin Sanjaya, Taiki Kobayashi, Ryo Nishijima, Harue Shinoyama, Yusuke Kazama

引用次数: 0

Karyomorphological Investigation of the Eight Species of the Muscari Genus Botryanthus Subgenus Growing in Turkey 生长于土耳其的八种麝香属(Botryanthus)亚属的核形态研究