Susan Baker, Darcy Shiner, Judy Stupak, Vicki Cohen, Alexis Stoner
{"title":"Reduction of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Driving Change.","authors":"Susan Baker, Darcy Shiner, Judy Stupak, Vicki Cohen, Alexis Stoner","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the many advancements in infection prevention, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) continue to be problematic for many hospitals. The large urban teaching hospital featured in this article developed a team that consisted of a registered nurse quality Lean coach, bedside nurses from each inpatient nursing unit, physicians, an infection prevention specialist nurse, an education specialist nurse, and members of the quality department to study this matter. The team focused on understanding current practice related to the use and duration of indwelling urinary catheters. It was discovered that while some indwelling urinary catheters were justified, others could have been avoided altogether or removed earlier. Multifaceted measures were instituted at this hospital to decrease indwelling urinary catheter days and reduce CAUTI rates. The team's journey to successfully decreasing indwelling urinary catheter days by 19.79% and CAUTI rates by 38% is highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 4","pages":"290-299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10130368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luba Muaddi, Chelsea Ledgerwood, Robyn Sheridan, Tiffany Dumont, Khaled Nashar
{"title":"Acute Renal Failure and Its Complications, Indications for Emergent Dialysis, and Dialysis Modalities.","authors":"Luba Muaddi, Chelsea Ledgerwood, Robyn Sheridan, Tiffany Dumont, Khaled Nashar","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute kidney injury or acute renal failure is commonly observed in the critically ill patient with hemodynamic compromise. Dialysis is frequently used in the intensive care units as part of the critical care management of metabolic derangements fluid status and electrolyte issues. It is imperative that the bedside critical care nurse is able to identify acute kidney injury and is familiar with the modalities used to manage the metabolic consequences of renal failure, particularly important as the bedside nurse is operating the continuous renal replacement machine at the bedside. This article will review the common risks and causes of acute kidney injury in the critically ill patient, indications for conservative management versus initiation of renal replacement therapy, prevention of acute kidney injury, and important consequences of renal failure such as electrolyte disturbances and uremia. We will also briefly touch on specific conditions where acute kidney injury is common such as hepatorenal syndrome, cardiorenal syndrome, rhabdomyolysis, and tumor lysis syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3","pages":"258-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Intracardiac Thrombus in Transit Detected by Point-of-Care Ultrasound.","authors":"Leon L Chen, Z. Salah, N. Halpern","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000412","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a condition with a high rate of morbidity and mortality if it is not recognized and treated in a timely fashion. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is a useful tool that can help clinicians make prompt diagnosis. We present a case where we diagnosed massive PE through visualizing an intracardiac thrombus in transit, and we highlight some important ultrasonographic features.","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3 1","pages":"285-287"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43419939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chelsea Ledgerwood, Vipin Villgran, Nicholas Mardirossian, Tiffany Dumont, Briana DiSilvio
{"title":"Acute Liver Failure.","authors":"Chelsea Ledgerwood, Vipin Villgran, Nicholas Mardirossian, Tiffany Dumont, Briana DiSilvio","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare but life-threatening disease process that can result in rapidly progressive encephalopathy, elevated intracranial pressure, and multiorgan failure. In the United States, the 2 most common causes of ALF in the intensive care unit (ICU) are acetaminophen overdose and hypoxic-ischemic hepatopathy. Less common causes of ALF include alcoholic hepatitis, nonacetaminophen drug-induced liver injury, acute viral hepatitis, Wilson's disease, autoimmune hepatitis, and acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Unfortunately, there are many cases in which the cause of liver failure is indeterminate. ALF is an ICU emergency that requires close monitoring, extensive workup to determine etiology, frequent support of hemodynamic, respiratory, and renal function, administration of targeted therapies depending on the cause, utilization of N-acetylcysteine if appropriate, and consideration for liver transplant in select cases. The primary objective of this article is to define, diagnose, and detail the management of ALF in an ICU setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3","pages":"248-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10134733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vipin Das Villgran, Caitlan Lyons, Adeel Nasrullah, Charmaine Clarisse Abalos, Eric Bihler, Ahmad Alhajhusain
{"title":"Acute Respiratory Failure.","authors":"Vipin Das Villgran, Caitlan Lyons, Adeel Nasrullah, Charmaine Clarisse Abalos, Eric Bihler, Ahmad Alhajhusain","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Respiratory failure is one of the most common reasons for hospitalization and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and a diverse range of etiologies can precipitate it. Respiratory failure can result from various mechanisms such as hypoventilation, diffusion impairment, shunting, ventilation-perfusion mismatch, or a combination of those mentioned earlier. Hence, an accurate understanding of different pathophysiologic mechanisms is required for appropriate patient care. Prompt identification and treatment of various respiratory emergencies such as tension pneumothorax, massive hemoptysis, and high-risk pulmonary embolism lead to fewer complications, shorter ICU and hospital stay, and improved survival. This review article entails common respiratory failure pathologies encountered in the ICU and addresses their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3","pages":"233-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10134735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cardiogenic Shock and Temporary Mechanical Circulatory Support","authors":"A. Khalif, T. Dumont, K. Ranganathan","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000406","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiogenic shock is a state of circulatory collapse due to low cardiac output resulting from heart failure. Heart failure in this setting may be due to left, right, or biventricular dysfunction. Acute myocardial infarctions remain the most common cause of cardiogenic shock, although in contemporary patient populations, the increasing prevalence of end-stage heart failure has resulted in a growing population of heart failure cardiogenic shock presentations. Clinicians practicing in the cardiac intensive care unit are challenged with these increasingly complex patients. Such patients often require hemodynamic support to improve end-organ perfusion and reduce mortality. Mechanical devices, collectively known as temporary mechanical circulatory support, provide clinicians with additional tools in our armamentarium to combat the increased mortality associated with cardiogenic shock. In this article, we provide an overview of cardiogenic shock and its phenotypic clinical presentations, in addition to providing a description of temporary mechanical circulatory support devices that are currently utilized in the management of cardiogenic shock.","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"218 - 224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42829103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endocrine Emergencies in the Medical Intensive Care Unit.","authors":"Adeel Nasrullah, Syed Azharuddin, Meilin Young, Alexis Kejas, Tiffany Dumont","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endocrine emergencies are underdiagnosed and often overlooked amid the management of severe multisystem pathologies in critically ill patients in the medical intensive care unit (ICU). In an appropriate clinical scenario, a low threshold of suspicion should be kept to investigate for various life-threatening, yet completely treatable, endocrinopathies. Prompt identification and treatment of endocrine emergencies such as diabetic ketoacidosis, myxedema coma, thyroid storm, and/or adrenal insufficiency leads to fewer complications, shorter ICU and hospital stay, and improved survival. This review article entails common endocrine emergencies encountered in the ICU and addresses their epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3","pages":"266-284"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10134734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric Bucklew, Ali Noory, Nazli Okumus, Srikanth Radhakrishnan, Sunita Mahabir, Gursharan Samra, Karen Dysert, Tariq Cheema, Valentyna Ivanova
{"title":"Acute Cardiac Emergencies.","authors":"Eric Bucklew, Ali Noory, Nazli Okumus, Srikanth Radhakrishnan, Sunita Mahabir, Gursharan Samra, Karen Dysert, Tariq Cheema, Valentyna Ivanova","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute cardiac emergencies are life threatening. The initial responses to acute cardiac emergencies must be rapid, efficient, skillful, and well-planned. The goal of this article is to provide information that can be used to facilitate the prompt recognition and treatment of the most common acute cardiac emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 3","pages":"200-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah M Brokmeier, Erin D Wieruszewski, Scott D Nei, Theodore O Loftsgard, Patrick M Wieruszewski
{"title":"Hemostatic Management in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.","authors":"Hannah M Brokmeier, Erin D Wieruszewski, Scott D Nei, Theodore O Loftsgard, Patrick M Wieruszewski","doi":"10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for acute cardiac and/or respiratory failure has grown exponentially in the past several decades. Systemic anticoagulation is a fundamental element of caring for ECMO patients. Hemostatic management during ECMO walks a fine line to balance the risk of safe and effective anticoagulant delivery to mitigate thromboembolic complications and minimizing hemorrhagic sequelae. This review discusses the pharmacology, monitoring parameters, and special considerations for anticoagulation in patients requiring ECMO.</p>","PeriodicalId":10789,"journal":{"name":"Critical Care Nursing Quarterly","volume":"45 2","pages":"132-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}