{"title":"Can 6LoPLC Enable Indoor IoT ?","authors":"Augustine Ikpehai, B. Adebisi, K. Anoh","doi":"10.1109/isplc.2019.8693430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isplc.2019.8693430","url":null,"abstract":"Energy conservation and network longevity are key requirements of Internet of things (IoT) applications. However, these can be challenging in indoor environments such as dwellings with reinforced concrete walls and high-bay areas using battery-powered wireless devices. This paper presents a low-power power line communication over IPv6 network (6LoPLC) for in-building IoT applications. 6LoPLC adopts a PLC physical layer (PHY) and exploits media access control (MAC) features of IEEE 802.15.4 devices as well as 6LoWPAN to deliver low-power, low rate PLC. One of the unique advantages of 6LoPLC is that the nodes are mains-connected which eliminates the network disruption caused by battery depletion in wireless nodes. Furthermore, 6LoPLC saves the time and effort on battery recharge or replacement, simplifies network management and reduces wiring cost. The results reveal that the proposed system can yield about 5.05 dB reduction in energy requirement relative to HomePlug Green PHY without violating the delay tolerance of the IoT applications. It is further shown that using the 6LoPLC technique, delays of about 48 ms and 129 ms are feasible in residential and commercial buildings respectively.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116670886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automatic Clustering of Noise in Multi-Conductor Narrow Band PLC Channels","authors":"Davide Righini, A. Tonello","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693272","url":null,"abstract":"Multi-conductor noise in power line communication is a complex phenomenon that cannot be analyzed in a simple manner. Data analytics techniques, such as automatic clustering, are a promising methodology to analyze multi conductor noise traces with reduced computational effort and small number of setup parameters. In this article, we propose an approach to uncover the structure of the narrow band multi conductor power line noise with an automatic procedure that exploits the tool self organizing map to extract features, classify and label the noise time series. The proposed algorithms are evaluated through real noise data in the spectrum 3-500kHz.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"106 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132439691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Channel and Admittance Dependence Analysis in PLC with Implications to Power Loading/Savings","authors":"Marco De Piante, A. Tonello","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693391","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the relationship between the channel frequency response and the line admittance in power line communication channels. Should a dependence exist, the channel frequency response could be inferred at the transmitter from line impedance measurements and this would enable power loading without requiring feedback from the receiver to the transmitter. Firstly, a physical study of the PLC channel to identify under what conditions a relationship exists is carried out. The analysis is then extended to measured channels. It is found that a strict relationship between the channel frequency response and the line admittance exists only in particular cases. However, there are some scenarios where the frequency response is related to the line admittance and therefore power loading algorithms can be derived by measuring the line admittance only. In fact, using an experimental data set, it is shown that admittance based power loading offers power savings w.r.t. conventional uniform power allocation.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115109408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Prasad, Yinjia Huo, L. Lampe, A. Mengi, Victor C. M. Leung
{"title":"Fault Diagnostics with Legacy Power Line Modems","authors":"G. Prasad, Yinjia Huo, L. Lampe, A. Mengi, Victor C. M. Leung","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693385","url":null,"abstract":"We evaluate the use of legacy power line modems (PLMs) for fault diagnostics, and in particular, focus on short-circuit faults in underground power cables. Prior works have shown that broadband power line communication channel estimates that are computed within the PLMs can be used to gain insight into the health of underground cables. However, several legacy PLM chip-set implementations do not provide access to the estimated channel frequency response in its entirety. Therefore, to facilitate and accelerate a practical roll-out of a PLM-based diagnostics solution, we investigate if readily extractable parameters, such as the estimated signal-to-noise ratio values and/or the computed precoding matrices in case of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, provide sufficient indication into the cable health status. By extracting suitable features from this raw data, we show through simulations that our machine learning based automated cable diagnostics solution achieves satisfactory results in predicting faults, and near-perfect performance in fault identification.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132732422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Securing MIMO Power Line Communications with Full-Duplex Jamming Receivers","authors":"G. Prasad, Omid Taghizadeh, L. Lampe, R. Mathar","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693263","url":null,"abstract":"Despite providing a wired communications infrastructure, power line communication (PLC) is broadcast in nature due to the shared channel usage by all intended users. This introduces privacy concerns for confidential communication in multi-user environments, such as in smart-meter data transmission using PLC, where data packets are exposed to potential eavesdroppers. In this paper, we propose, for the first time, a physical layer security (PLS) solution for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) PLC systems using in-band full-duplex (IBFD) technology. IBFD allows PLC receivers to jam the operating frequency band while also receiving intended data packets at the same time. In this respect, we optimize the information and jamming transmission strategies, together with power allocation over different sub-carriers, with the goal of maximizing the secrecy energy efficiency. Our numerical results illustrate the multi-fold increase in secrecy rates that we obtain using an IBFD-based PLS technique over a half-duplex operation without jamming.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123107736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial-Intelligence-Based Performance Enhancement of the G3-PLC LOADng Routing Protocol for Sensor Networks","authors":"Francesco Marcuzzi, A. Tonello","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693390","url":null,"abstract":"Powerline Communications (PLC) is a popular technology providing infrastructure for applications related to IoT, smart grids, smart cities, in-home networking and has been experimentally considered for broadband access. Sensor networks and Automatic Meter Reading applications are closely related to this technology, as it provides free infrastructure and sustains the data rate requirements. The application here considered consists in the implementation of the G3-PLC LOADng routing protocol in the nodes of a sensor/meter network, where the nodes share all the same medium. G3-PLC is a powerline communication standard, employing OFDM at the physical layer and oriented at enabling the smart grid vision. The Medium Access Control implements CSMA/CA, while the Logical Link Control implements LOADng routing, which is the ITU-T G.9903 recommended specification for Lossy and Low-power Networks (LLNs).In this paper, we consider the mapping phase of the routing protocol, in which the central element of the network establishes the routes to reach any node. By simulating this process via a physical simulation tool, it is possible to synthetically train an Artificial Neural Network and teach it how the optimally established routes correlate to the topological and geometrical properties of the network. Eventually, we discuss how, by employing this AI approach, it is possible to speed-up the routing mapping process.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132857256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ainara Fernandez, A. Sendin, Manu Sharma, A. Brunschweiler, Mohamed Sedjai
{"title":"Experimental concept definition and validation to overcome CENELEC A band noise with the use of FCC band overlays","authors":"Ainara Fernandez, A. Sendin, Manu Sharma, A. Brunschweiler, Mohamed Sedjai","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693349","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an innovative approach to overcome frequency specific noise in CENELEC A-band networks through gateways integrated in existing narrowband PLC field deployed networks. Frequencies higher than CENELEC A-band but below 500 kHz are used through a notion of channels where each channel has same bandwidth as used in CENELEC A-band by the associated PLC technology. One of more such channels provides an overlay on top of existing installations using Frequency-Gateway devices. The concept is validated through both laboratory and field tests. The concept is applicable to any CENELEC A-band PLC system, and has been implemented with ITU-T G.9904 (also known as PRIME) networks. With PRIME v1.4 supporting frequencies below 500 kHz, the concept described, implemented and tested in this paper offers a simple transition scenario to enhance CENELEC A-band supported systems, with a higher band channel extension (below 500 kHz) in field deployments.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133680636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Brandl, K. Kellner, T. Posnicek, Daniel Hochwarter
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of a DQPSK and a DSSS PLC-Modem for Vehicular Applications","authors":"M. Brandl, K. Kellner, T. Posnicek, Daniel Hochwarter","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693264","url":null,"abstract":"A direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) power line communication (PLC) modem for automotive applications was designed and compared with a commercial PLC system. The performance of the systems was tested under influence of narrowband interference and additive Gaussian noise added on the transmission channel. It was shown that the performance of the DSSS modem against single tone interference and noise was at least the processing gain better than that of the commercial PLC transceiver.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132087726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yinjia Huo, G. Prasad, L. Lampe, Victor C. M. Leung
{"title":"Smart-Grid Monitoring: Enhanced Machine Learning for Cable Diagnostics","authors":"Yinjia Huo, G. Prasad, L. Lampe, Victor C. M. Leung","doi":"10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2019.8693287","url":null,"abstract":"Recent works have shown the viability of reusing power line communication modems present in the distribution network for cable diagnostics. By integrating machine learning (ML) techniques, power line modems (PLMs) are shown to be capable of automatically detecting, locating, and assessing different types of cable degradations and faults by monitoring and analyzing their estimated channel frequency responses. However, a single ML algorithm is not ideal for all different diagnostics tasks. To aid us in choosing the most suitable ML algorithm(s) for each of the tasks and to make our solution layman accessible, we propose the use of automated ML, which automatically constructs the best ML model from various algorithms and preprocessing techniques for any given diagnostics task. Our proposed diagnostics approach accelerates the practical deployment of PLM-based grid monitoring by providing a ready-to-use solution to utilities that can be applied without detailed domain knowledge of ML operations.","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133446610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[ISPLC 2019 Sponsors]","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/isplc.2019.8693452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/isplc.2019.8693452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":107345,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and its Applications (ISPLC)","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129958354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}