Clinical immunology and immunopathology最新文献_第5页

Peripheral Human T Lymphocyte Maintenance of Immune Functional Capacity and Phenotypic Characteristics Followingin VivoCocaine Exposure 体内可卡因暴露后外周人T淋巴细胞免疫功能维持和表型特征

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4579

Phillip Ruiz , Mariana Berho , Bernard W. Steele , Lei Hao

{"title":"Peripheral Human T Lymphocyte Maintenance of Immune Functional Capacity and Phenotypic Characteristics Followingin VivoCocaine Exposure","authors":"Phillip Ruiz , Mariana Berho , Bernard W. Steele , Lei Hao","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4579","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4579","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The effects of cocaine exposure upon the host's immune response is equivocal since a variety of studies have generated conflicting conclusions, often as the result of differences betweenin vitroand/or animal models and the actual conditions experienced in humans who are acutely abusing this drug. To further address this issue, we have studied a group of patients who were positive for cocaine or cocaine metabolites and we evaluated a variety of functional parameters of T-lymphocytes and other peripheral lymphoid cell populations, as well as immunophenotypic characteristics of these cells. When compared to normal controls and patients who were negative for cocaine, we found that the cocaine-positive patients had T-cell functional assays which were essentially normal, with the exception of a slight depression in PHA stimulation. Likewise, the immunophenotype of the peripheral blood lymphocytic populations showed normal percentages and numbers of their T cell subsets (CD4, CD8), NK cells, and B cells. Multicolor flow cytometry analysis revealed no difference in T cell subpopulations positive for the “memory” marker, CD62L. No correlation could be established between levels of cocaine or cocaine metabolites and any phenotypic, demographic, or functional parameter. In summary, these results demonstrate that individuals acutely exposed to cocaine do not show markedly altered T cell function or fluctuations in phenotypically identified cell populations. These studies imply that acute cocaine exposure does not predispose individuals to grossly apparent immunosuppression. However, the possibility that subtle, transient, or more specific changes in the immune system may be incurred by use of cocaine, particularly with chronic exposure, remains to be determined.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 271-276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

New Methods for Detection of Anti-nuclear Antibodies 抗核抗体检测的新方法

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4560

Linda Cook

引用次数: 16

Human Neutrophils Express the Interleukin-15 Receptor α Chain (IL-15Rα) but Not the IL-9Rα Component 人中性粒细胞表达白细胞介素-15受体α链(IL-15Rα)而不表达IL-9Rα组分

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4576

Denis Girard , Norman Boiani , André D. Beaulieu

{"title":"Human Neutrophils Express the Interleukin-15 Receptor α Chain (IL-15Rα) but Not the IL-9Rα Component","authors":"Denis Girard , Norman Boiani , André D. Beaulieu","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4576","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4576","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The interleukin-15 receptor (IL-15R) is composed of at least three chains, namely γc, IL-2Rβ, and the recently identified IL-15Rα, while the IL-9R complex consists of γcand a subunit designated IL-9Rα. Our previous work and that of others have shown that human neutrophils express γcand IL-2Rβ (two components shared with IL-2R) but not IL-2Rα and that IL-15 is a neutrophil agonist, whereas IL-2 is not. In this study, using flow cytometry with a specific anti-human IL-15Rα, we show for the first time that human neutrophils express surface IL-15Rα. Although we previously found that IL-15 is a neutrophil agonist, our present work shows that IL-15 does not trigger superoxide production nor cell spreading onto glass. In addition, we report that human neutrophils do not respond to IL-9 with respect to the functions/responses studied, namely, superoxide production, spreading onto glass, cell shape changes, phagocytosis, RNA synthesis, and apoptosis. Further, our results show that neutrophils do not express IL-9Rα as assessed by flow cytometry with a specific anti-human IL-9Rα antibody that stains the transfected cell line BW-h9R used as positive control. Finally, our results indicate that γcexpression was not modulated and remained stable for up to 24 h when neutrophils were stimulated with all currently known “γcusers,” namely, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, and IL-15. We conclude that human neutrophils express all IL-15R components on their surface, including IL-15Rα, that IL-15 activates human neutrophils (as the IL-4 neutrophil agonist) by a mechanism which does not involve upregulation of γccell surface expression, and that IL-9 is not a neutrophil agonist as demonstrated by the inability to modulate the tested functions/responses that correlate with lack of the IL-9R component, namely, IL-9Rα.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 232-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20658036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 40

β-Defensins: Endogenous Antibiotics of the Innate Host Defense Response β-防御素:先天宿主防御反应的内源性抗生素

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4587

Gill Diamond , Charles L. Bevins

引用次数: 148

Oral Tolerance in Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis: Feeding after Disease Induction Is Less Protective than Prefeeding 实验性自身免疫性葡萄膜视网膜炎的口服耐受:疾病诱导后喂养的保护作用不如预喂养

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4592

John W. Torseth , Dale S. Gregerson

{"title":"Oral Tolerance in Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis: Feeding after Disease Induction Is Less Protective than Prefeeding","authors":"John W. Torseth , Dale S. Gregerson","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4592","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4592","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Oral administration of antigen modulates subsequent immune responses raised by conventional subcutaneous priming. If experimental autoantigens are administered, subsequent induction of autoimmune diseases may be inhibited. However, feeding autoantigens after priming or disease induction is more clinically relevant, but the trials have been less successful. Using therapeutic feeding of peptides to inhibit experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) induced in LEW rats by bovine S-Ag peptides, we found that only mild disease could be inhibited if feeding was delayed until after immunization, and relatively high feeding doses were required. In recipients with more severe EAU, the clinical efficacy of therapeutic feeding was minimal despite concurrent down-regulation ofin vitroantigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and serum antibody responses. No further inhibition of EAU was found by increasing the feeding dose. Feeding the same peptides prior to immunization produced resistance to moderate to severe disease induction. Unlike prophylactic feeding protocols, conditions were found such that feeding after immunization with low doses of antigen led to worsening of mild disease, raising a note of caution.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 297-304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4592","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Abnormal Early TCR/CD3-Mediated Signaling Events of a snRNP-Autoreactive Lupus T Cell Clone snrnp自身反应性狼疮T细胞克隆异常早期TCR/ cd3介导的信号事件

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4569

Stamatis-Nick C. Liossis , Robert W. Hoffman , George C. Tsokos

引用次数: 22

The Possible Role of Interleukin (IL)-12 and Interferon-γ-Inducing Factor/IL-18 in Protection against ExperimentalMycobacterium lepraeInfection in Mice 白细胞介素(IL)-12和干扰素-γ诱导因子/IL-18在小鼠实验性麻风分枝杆菌感染中的可能作用

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4533

Kazuo Kobayashi , Masanori Kai , Masa-ichi Gidoh , Noboru Nakata , Masumi Endoh , Ram Pyare Singh , Tsuyoshi Kasama , Hajime Saito

{"title":"The Possible Role of Interleukin (IL)-12 and Interferon-γ-Inducing Factor/IL-18 in Protection against ExperimentalMycobacterium lepraeInfection in Mice","authors":"Kazuo Kobayashi , Masanori Kai , Masa-ichi Gidoh , Noboru Nakata , Masumi Endoh , Ram Pyare Singh , Tsuyoshi Kasama , Hajime Saito","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4533","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4533","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Cell-mediated immunity participates in host defense against mycobacterial infection. Both interleukin 12 (IL-12) and interferon-γ-inducing factor (IGIF/IL-18), produced mainly by macrophages, play a critical role in expression of cell-mediated immunity. To investigate the role of IL-12 and IGIF/IL-18in vivo,we examined cytokine profile, bacterial growth, and the potential benefit of cytokine therapy in susceptible and resistant mice infected withMycobacterium leprae.The early expression of IL-12 p40 and IGIF/IL-18 at the site of inoculation was found in resistant mice 3–72 h after the infection, but not in susceptible mice. Both strains of mice did not show expression of IFN-γ and IL-4. IL-12 administration resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial counts in mice with establishedM. lepraeinfection. The results imply that susceptible mice exhibit decreased expression of type 1 helper T (Th1) response without reciprocal increased Th2 response and show responsiveness to exogenous IL-12. IL-12 therapy may be a possible rationale for treatment ofM. lepraeinfection.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 226-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20658035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

Decline in Total T Cell Count Is Associated with Onset of AIDS, Independent of CD4+Lymphocyte Count: Implications for AIDS Pathogenesis 总T细胞计数下降与艾滋病发病有关，与CD4+淋巴细胞计数无关:对艾滋病发病机制的影响

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4577

Joseph B. Margolick , Albert D. Donnenberg , Clara Chu , Maurice R.G. O'Gorman , Janis V. Giorgi , Alvaro Muñoz

{"title":"Decline in Total T Cell Count Is Associated with Onset of AIDS, Independent of CD4+Lymphocyte Count: Implications for AIDS Pathogenesis","authors":"Joseph B. Margolick , Albert D. Donnenberg , Clara Chu , Maurice R.G. O'Gorman , Janis V. Giorgi , Alvaro Muñoz","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4577","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4577","url":null,"abstract":"<div>We previously reported that blind T cell homeostasis, in which the total T cell count is maintained but the CD4+and CD8+subset composition of the T cells can vary, fails approximately 1.5 to 2.5 years before the onset of AIDS. The present study was premised on the hypothesis that if failure of T cell homeostasis (i.e., a decline in total T cell counts) is important in the pathogenesis of AIDS, it should be a significant predictor of AIDS after controlling for the CD4+lymphocyte count. Data from 1556 homosexual men with sufficient sequential T cell subset measurements were evaluated, representing 11,988 person-visits in men with known clinical outcomes over a period of more than 10 years. Using regression models that incorporated CD4+lymphocyte count and HIV-related symptoms (fever, thrush), it was determined that a yearly decline of more than 300 T cells/μl of peripheral blood was an independent predictor of the onset of AIDS for subjects with CD4+lymphocyte counts of <500 cells/μl. The results support an important role for failure of T cell homeostasis in the pathogenesis of AIDS.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 256-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20656674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

Recovery from Guillain–Barré Syndrome Is Associated with Increased Levels of Neutralizing Autoantibodies to Interferon-γ 吉兰-巴罗综合征的恢复与干扰素-γ中和性自身抗体水平升高有关

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4573

Rihab A. Elkarim , Charlotte Dahle , Maha Mustafa , Rayomand Press , Li-ping Zou , Christina Ekerfelt , Jan Ernerudh , Hans Link , Moiz Bakhiet

引用次数: 32

Immaturity of Lymphocytes in the Metastatic Lesions of Thymoma 胸腺瘤转移灶中淋巴细胞的不成熟

Clinical immunology and immunopathology Pub Date : 1998-09-01 DOI: 10.1006/clin.1998.4584

Masayoshi Inoue , Meinoshin Okumura , Yoshitaka Fujii , Shinichiro Miyoshi , Hiroyuki Shiono , Kenjiro Fukuhara , Yoshihisa Kadota , Hikaru Matsuda

{"title":"Immaturity of Lymphocytes in the Metastatic Lesions of Thymoma","authors":"Masayoshi Inoue , Meinoshin Okumura , Yoshitaka Fujii , Shinichiro Miyoshi , Hiroyuki Shiono , Kenjiro Fukuhara , Yoshihisa Kadota , Hikaru Matsuda","doi":"10.1006/clin.1998.4584","DOIUrl":"10.1006/clin.1998.4584","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Thymoma is a thymic epithelial tumor which often contains a large number of immature T cells. Although the metastatic lesions are also associated with abundant lymphocytes, their characteristics have not been assessed in detail. In this study, the phenotype was analyzed and compared with those in their primary lesions. Nine metastatic thymomas were obtained from seven patients. In the metastatic lesions, CD1a+cells and CD4+CD8+cells accounted for 77.7 ± 10.6 and 52.3 ± 15.8% of all the lymphocytes, respectively. In five primary lesions and their metastatic lesions, CD3−CD4+CD8−cells accounted for 23.9 ± 16.9 and 45.2 ± 15.5% of the CD4+CD8−cells, respectively. CD69 was expressed on 70.9 ± 9.5 and 53.1 ± 11.8% of the CD4+CD8−cells, respectively. These results indicate that the metastatic lesions of thymoma are associated with abundant immature T cells which are phenotypically less mature than those in their primary lesions.</div>","PeriodicalId":10683,"journal":{"name":"Clinical immunology and immunopathology","volume":"88 3","pages":"Pages 249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1006/clin.1998.4584","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20658038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11