JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES最新文献_第2页

Breaking seed dormancy in Philenoptera violacea (Klotzsch) Schrire using different pre-sowing treatment methods 不同播前处理方法对紫翅虫种子休眠的影响

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/JAES.V8N1A10

Onthatile Thato Setlhabetsi, W. Mojeremane

{"title":"Breaking seed dormancy in Philenoptera violacea (Klotzsch) Schrire using different pre-sowing treatment methods","authors":"Onthatile Thato Setlhabetsi, W. Mojeremane","doi":"10.15640/JAES.V8N1A10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/JAES.V8N1A10","url":null,"abstract":"Seeds of many woody plant species cannot germinate even if they are sown under optimal moisture, oxygen and soil conditions because of hard seed coat dormancy. A seed germination experiment to evaluate the suitability of various dormancy breaking methods in Philenoptera violacea seeds was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Crop Science and Production, Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources (BUAN) between November and December 2017. A completely randomized design (CRD) with 10 treatments, involving; control (untreated seeds), mechanical scarification, hot water (24 hours), boiling water (1, 3 and 5 minutes) and concentrated sulphuric acid (15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes) was used. Germination percentage, germination mean time (GMT) and germination index (GI) were significantly (P <0.01) affected by seed dormancy breaking methods. The highest germination percentages were recorded in seeds immersed in concentrated sulphuric acid for 15 and 30 minutes (100%), followed by concentrated sulphuric acid 45 minutes and hot water for 24 hours (99%), mechanical scarification (98%) and concentrated sulphuric acid for 60 minutes (97%), which were significantly higher than the rest, boiling water being the least. Untreated seeds took the longest time (20.50 days) for 86% of the seeds to germinate whereas the shortest significant GMT (2.23-2.66 days) was recorded for maximum germinations (100%). Boiling water (1, 3 and 5 minutes) revealed significantly lower GI (0.00-0.02). Although, 86% of untreated seeds germinated, the present findings emphasize the importance of treating P. violacea seeds before sowing to promote quick and uniform germination.","PeriodicalId":106503,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","volume":"79 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121201465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Effectiveness of Plant Species for Removing Atmospheric Ammonia 植物物种去除大气氨的有效性

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a1

Marife B. Anunciado, S. Jerez, H. Williams, J. Bray, D. Coble, Rena Saito

{"title":"Effectiveness of Plant Species for Removing Atmospheric Ammonia","authors":"Marife B. Anunciado, S. Jerez, H. Williams, J. Bray, D. Coble, Rena Saito","doi":"10.15640/jaes.v8n1a1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v8n1a1","url":null,"abstract":"Six plant species of Yaupon, Eastern red cedar, American holly, Arizona cypress, Arborvitae and Roughleaf dogwood were utilized to determine their effectiveness in the removal of atmospheric ammonia. All species were exposed to three ammonia levels (1, 5 and 10 ppm) in an environmental chamber. Foliar ammonia content was quantified using an enzymatic technique. The effects of exposure to ammonia on the physiological responses (e.g. photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate) of plants in ambient condition were also determined using an open design photosynthetic gas exchange system. Foliar ammonia content was significantly different among the six plant species (p<0.0001) with Eastern red cedar exhibiting the highest content. The physiological responses differed significantly depending on the plant species and the ammonia treatment level. The photosynthetic response of plants to the presence of ammonia was mixed. At low exposure level, all species except Arborvitae had decreased photosynthetic activity, reducing by as much as 44.5% for Yaupon. At the highest concentration, however, Yaupon’s photosynthetic activity improved by about 10%. Exposure to ammonia caused increased stomatal conductance and transpiration rate on American holly and Arizona cypress, making them more susceptible to water loss.","PeriodicalId":106503,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131889678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pedological and Environmental Characterization of a Humid Enclave: The Case Serra Da Meruoca, Ceará, Brazil(A). 湿润飞地的土壤学和环境特征:巴西塞拉达梅鲁卡的案例(a)。

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a20

Marcos Venicios Ribeiro Mendes, Simone Diniz

引用次数: 0

Household Vulnerability on Food Security in Niger 尼日尔家庭粮食安全脆弱性

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/JAES.V8N1A4

Abdoul Azizou Oumarou Dan-Baki, Mahaman Laouan Aboube, A. B. M. Yaou

{"title":"Household Vulnerability on Food Security in Niger","authors":"Abdoul Azizou Oumarou Dan-Baki, Mahaman Laouan Aboube, A. B. M. Yaou","doi":"10.15640/JAES.V8N1A4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/JAES.V8N1A4","url":null,"abstract":"This article studies the households’ vulnerability on food insecurity. It makes possible to see the determinants of vulnerability to food insecurity in Niger. On the other hand to find the opportunity for reinforce the households’ resilience vis-a-vis this shortage. The study uses the linear regression model (OLS), inspired by the study made by Randriamiandrisoa and Ballet in 2014. The data are from the agricultural ministry (ECVM/A 2015) and the sample size is 9,354 households on national areas except Agadez region. Variables such as: number of land parcels, number of animals, own production, sale of land, sales of assets, secondary activity, sale of animals, migration, number of children aged from 5 to 10 and gender of the household’s head, are the households’ resilience factors in food insecurity. On the other hand, variables such as shock, off farm labor, number of children aged below five, are households’ vulnerability factors. The study shows that the households of Niger are vulnerable to food insecurity. To reduce this vulnerability, it is significant to stress the households’ characteristics which make them resilient. For that, the government must ensure a permanent follow to predict the risk of insecurity and to limit its consequences of food insecurity.","PeriodicalId":106503,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128216003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determining Highly Erodible Land Utilizing LIDAR Data 利用激光雷达数据确定高度可侵蚀土地

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a7

M. McDermott, Michael Michael, M. Baker

引用次数: 0

Effects of Irrigation Modes on Technical Efficiency of Rice Farmers in Mali 灌溉方式对马里稻农技术效率的影响

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a13

D. Kouyate, K. Savadogo, F. Cachia

引用次数: 1

Farmer’s Prioritization and Adoption of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies and Practices 农民对气候智能型农业(CSA)技术和实践的优先考虑和采用

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a17

Seydou Zakari, M. Ouédraogo, T. Abasse, R. Zougmoré

{"title":"Farmer’s Prioritization and Adoption of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies and Practices","authors":"Seydou Zakari, M. Ouédraogo, T. Abasse, R. Zougmoré","doi":"10.15640/jaes.v8n1a17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v8n1a17","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change affects seriously household food security, especially in sub-Saharan Africa where agriculture is still using traditional methods of farming systems. As strategies against the impact of climate change and way to increase agricultural production, several Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies and practices were introduced and experimented at sub-regional and national levels in Niger. The purpose of this study is to prioritize these technologies and practices using participatory assessment approach and to analyze the determinants of their adoption. Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR), organic manure, forest management, Zaï pits and stone bunds are the most preferred technologies and practices by the farmers according to the three pillars of Climate-Smart-Agriculture. The results of econometric models revealed that access to credit/subsidy, access to training, membership of an organization, source of income, family size and ownership of animal of traction influence significantly and positively the adoption of these CSA technologies and practices. The government and other development agents should reinforce the access of credit and training to farmers to boost the adoption of these technologies and practices, and to build sustainable and climate resilient livelihoods in order to move out of chronic poverty and food insecurity.","PeriodicalId":106503,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132483601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

A Study of the Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Baloryeh, Burma and Baklawa, Traditional Arabic Sweets Produced In Jordan 约旦产阿拉伯传统糖果巴洛里耶、缅甸和巴克拉瓦的化学和微生物品质研究

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a12

S. Odeh, M. Yamani

{"title":"A Study of the Chemical and Microbiological Quality of Baloryeh, Burma and Baklawa, Traditional Arabic Sweets Produced In Jordan","authors":"S. Odeh, M. Yamani","doi":"10.15640/jaes.v8n1a12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15640/jaes.v8n1a12","url":null,"abstract":"Arabic traditional sweets (baloryeh, burma and baklawa), are a paste dessert made of very thin layers of dough filled with pistachio, baked with ghee or oil, sweetened and held together with sugar syrup. The microbial qualities, peroxide values and acidity value of baloryeh, burma and baklawa samples of the most five prominent Arabic sweet brands in Amman, Jordan collected from the sweet plants and the market, were investigated. The results showed that Aerobic plate count (APC) of baloryeh, burma and baklawa were lower than 105CFU/g and ranged between not detected to 8.2 ×10 4CFU/g. The coliforms most probable number ranged between not detected to 550 MPN/g, while fecal coliforms were detected in some samples and ranged between 4.7-550 MPN/g. Yeast and mold, staphylococcus aureus and salmonella were not detected in any sample. Post processing recontamination with food borne pathogen a hazard can take place, this calls for high hygiene practices, especially personal hygiene, during all steps during packaging, display and sale. The results also showed that peroxide values (PV) in baloryeh, burma and baklawa were ranged between 0.796.69 meqO2/kg, while Free fatty acids (FFA%) were ranged between 0.5-2.05%.","PeriodicalId":106503,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129431935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proline Induced Modulation in Physiological Responses in Wheat Plants 脯氨酸诱导的小麦生理反应调控

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.15640/jaes.v8n1a11

Ayesha Pervaiz, Aisha Iqbal, A. Khalid, A. Manzoor, S. Noreen, A. Ayaz, Z. U. Zafar, H. Athar, M. Ashraf

引用次数: 8