Oscar-Mauricio Cepeda-Valero , Jose-Fidel Torres-Delgado , Andres D. González
{"title":"A Stackelberg approach to transportation infrastructure planning: Integrating User Decision-making","authors":"Oscar-Mauricio Cepeda-Valero , Jose-Fidel Torres-Delgado , Andres D. González","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The design of transportation networks is an intriguing and complex subject, primarily driven by the high costs and existing deficiencies in transit systems. Effective network design necessitates the consideration of multiple factors, including the rapid growth of urban centers, the demand for new routes, and the evolving preferences of citizens. A poorly designed network can result in significant drawbacks, such as delays, congestion, and escalated air pollution levels. Consequently, addressing this challenge requires the implementation of targeted modifications in the transport infrastructure, such as constructing new streets, expanding existing roads, enhancing capacity, and improving coverage. The paper introduces a Stackelberg model that addresses the planning of transport infrastructure, focusing on incorporate the user decisions. The model functions on two levels: the upper level captures the decision-making process of users, influenced by factors like time savings and transport system accessibility. Conversely, the lower level relates to the planner’s responsibility in designing and configuring the transport network to align with user demands and preferences while minimizing costs. Four types of transport networks were evaluated based on criteria such as used capacity, network growth, system cost, and unmet user needs. The evaluation revealed that mesh networks perform better due to their ability to distribute user flow across multiple lines, reducing dependency on a few edges. Additionally, the versatility of the procedure is demonstrated through its implementation in the Lausanne metro network.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 107211"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The integrated planning of berth allocation, quay crane assignment, and pilotage scheduling","authors":"Liyang Xiao , Gilbert Laporte , Peng Sun , Wei Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Port logistics plays a crucial role in the efficiency of global trade, encompassing key operations such as berth allocation, quay crane assignment, and pilotage scheduling. Traditional approaches often treat these processes independently, leading to inefficiencies in resource utilization, increased operational costs, and prolonged vessel turnaround times. This paper addresses these challenges by proposing an integrated planning framework that simultaneously optimizes berth allocation, quay crane assignment, and pilotage scheduling. A novel integer programming model is proposed to jointly consider decisions related to pilotage, berthing, and handling operations, with the objective of minimizing vessel delays and pilot-related costs. To address the computational challenges encountered in practical applications, an adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) metaheuristic, enhanced with tailored berth allocation heuristics and problem-specific operators, is designed. Extensive numerical experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of the integrated framework under diverse operational scenarios. The results demonstrate that the integrated approach is effective in reducing vessel turnaround times, improving resource utilization, and lowering total costs. Furthermore, a detailed sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the impact of variations in pilot availability, time-window constraints, and channel capacity on scheduling outcomes. These findings provide actionable insights for port operators aiming to enhance operational efficiency and cost-effectiveness, and highlight the advantages of a holistic view of berth allocation, quay crane assignment, and pilotage scheduling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 107201"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144725045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Augmentation search for integer programming over a polyhedron","authors":"Tolga Bektaş","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper describes a primal search algorithm to optimise an integer programme defined over a polyhedron. The search is conducted on the lattice described by the linear constraints of the model, where search directions are derived in the spirit of Graver bases and extracted dynamically using a feasibility-seeking black-box. Computational results show potential particularly on 0-1 programming formulations with complex objective functions when compared with state-of-the-art solvers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A deep reinforcement learning method for solving Two-Echelon Location-Routing Problem","authors":"Shuo Huang , Yaoxin Wu , Zhiguang Cao , Xuexi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107210","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107210","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the domain of logistics and supply chain management, optimizing distribution networks is a crucial task for improving efficiency and reducing operational costs. This paper focuses on addressing the Two-Echelon Location-Routing Problem (2E-LRP), with the aim to concurrently optimize the facility (i.e., the transfer station and depot) placement, and vehicle routing for transporting goods between depots, transfer stations, and customers. We propose a method based on deep reinforcement learning to minimize the total costs associated with the operational cost of facilities, the cost of vehicle usage, and transportation cost. Specifically, we design an encoder–decoder structured two-stage attention model that constructs solutions of location-routing problems in two echelons, respectively. A simple yet effective recurrent unit is used in decoder to capture context embeddings, allowing the model to selectively incorporate beneficial information from previous construction steps. The contexts are then used for attention computation to select facilities and customers and thus determine their placements and the routes. The model is trained by REINFORCE algorithm with a shared baseline, and its performance is validated through comparisons with Gurobi solver and typical heuristic algorithms. Extensive results showcase the favorable performance of our model on both synthetic and benchmark instances, which offers a competitive alternative to traditional solutions. Specifically, our model achieves up to 1.5% cost reduction and over 99% computation time savings compared to traditional heuristic algorithms in large instance. In addition, the generalization is fairly good to cope with instances of different scales and distributions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ousmane Ali , Jean-François Côté , Leandro C. Coelho
{"title":"Integrated and sequential algorithms for the robust two-echelon location-routing problem under demand uncertainty","authors":"Ousmane Ali , Jean-François Côté , Leandro C. Coelho","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the two-echelon capacitated location-routing problem (2E-CLRP) when faced with demand uncertainty. We assume that the customer’s demands at the second echelon are uncertain and design a two-echelon distribution network where open satellites, served from a single depot, have sufficient capacities to handle the variation in demand. At the same time, the planned routes must remain feasible for all values of demand within an uncertainty set. We propose a robust counterpart for an integrated model of the 2E-CLRP and solve it using an adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic and a branch-and-cut algorithm. We also design four non-integrated solution approaches based on the robust counterparts for the 2E-CLRP subproblems, including the vehicle routing problem (VRP), the facility location problem (FLP), the location-routing problem (LRP), and the two-echelon FLP (2E-FLP). The importance of an integrated approach to 2E-CLRP is demonstrated by comparing it to non-integrated approaches. Results show that early integration of location and routing decisions leads to better location and total costs. We also evaluate the price of robustness and the trade-off between conservative and riskier robust solutions using a Monte Carlo simulation. We perform a series of computational experiments to validate the proposed algorithms using benchmark instances for the deterministic 2E-CLRP, LRP and robust VRP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107198"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuang Wang , Di Fan , Yang Liu , Shan Ren , Jin Wang
{"title":"Dual-resource flexible job shop scheduling considering worker proficiency differences","authors":"Chuang Wang , Di Fan , Yang Liu , Shan Ren , Jin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the increasing attention to resource constraints in production systems is driven by the notable distribution of workers across all age groups within the production shop and the discrepancy of their proficiency in operating machines. It takes time and knowledge to improve workers’ proficiency. And as the workforce retires later, the longer working hours of older workers can help them gain more experience. With the improvement of accumulated experience, the time spent on human-related tasks such as machine debugging, checking, cleaning, and other necessary preparation processes before processing will be significantly reduced. Considering these factors is crucial when making production decisions, necessitating the adaptation of job assignments to suit the capabilities of individual workers. Through this approach, the economic indicators of ‘people-oriented manufacturing’ advocated by Industry 5.0 and workshop production can be jointly realized. In this scenario, a mathematical model is constructed with the objective of minimizing the sum of setup time and processing time for the double-resource flexible job shop scheduling problem (DRCFJSP), considering the differences in worker skill levels and varying process setup times based on this. The model takes the skills and proficiency of workers into consideration as well. Given the problem’s characteristics, the migratory bird optimization algorithm (MBO) is applied to address this issue. Finally, a comparative experiment is carried out on a simulation example. The experimental results verify that incorporating the influence of workers with different proficiency on preparation time into the scheduling model can significantly optimize the total production completion time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"184 ","pages":"Article 107216"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Oualid Benbrik , Rachid Benmansour , Filipe Rodrigues
{"title":"A review of bulk terminal operations: Status, trends, and future outlook","authors":"Oualid Benbrik , Rachid Benmansour , Filipe Rodrigues","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bulk terminals are key infrastructures in the supply chain because they are the main nodes responsible for connecting sea and land transportation of bulk cargo. Their efficient management requires optimizing terminal operations, a challenge that has increasingly attracted researchers’ attention and motivates the need to review and analyze the work done so far. While research in container terminals has been widely reviewed in multiple surveys, the same does not apply to bulk terminals, for as yet there is no equivalent compilation or review of the existing research. This work addresses the gap by providing the first systematic literature review on the optimization of seaside and yardside operations at bulk terminals. It covers 120 research papers on dry and liquid bulk terminals. Keyword network analysis is used to establish relations within the existing work and identify five predominant research streams: seaside operations optimization, yardside operations optimization, simulation of terminal operations, integrated operations optimization, and artificial intelligence-based approaches. The papers are classified according to the type of port, type of terminal, type of cargo, problem(s) addressed, performance measures, and solution methods used. Furthermore, this review goes beyond reviewing and classifying the existing research; it also identifies research limitations and outlines several promising directions for future research, providing valuable insights to researchers and practitioners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107199"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Šárka Štádlerová , Peter Schütz , Sanjay Dominik Jena
{"title":"Solving multi-stage stochastic facility location problems with modular capacity adjustments","authors":"Šárka Štádlerová , Peter Schütz , Sanjay Dominik Jena","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider a multi-stage stochastic facility location problem with modular capacity adjustments, minimizing the expected costs of allocating uncertain customer demand. We present a general multi-stage mixed-integer programming formulation that allows for multiple facility expansions, reductions, and closing of existing facilities. Given the complexity of this planning problem, we present a solution method based on Lagrangian relaxation, followed by the solution of a restricted model to further improve the solution quality. The computational results show that our solution method provides high-quality solutions within reasonable computing times. We further compare the value of a multi-stage stochastic solution to the solution of a deterministic rolling horizon problem and discuss situations when solving a multi-stage problem is particularly beneficial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144634092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-dimensional bin packing, cutting stock, and open dimension problems: A survey of practical requirements","authors":"Matheus Francescatto, Alvaro Neuenfeldt Júnior","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two-dimensional cutting and packing (C&P) problems involve cutting one or more objects into a set of items, resulting in cutting patterns. C&P problems are found in various real-life applications such as the steel, wood, paper, and glass industries, where industrial aspects like raw material reuse, defective objects, trim distance, cutting patterns based on item similarity, and/or demand uncertainty influence the development of solving methods. This article presents a systematic literature review of industrial aspects addressed in cutting-related applications of C&P problems, with a specific focus on two-dimensional bin packing, cutting stock, and open dimension problems. From a sample of 100 articles, 13 key industrial aspects were identified across 13 industry sectors, highlighting how these aspects are incorporated into solving methods. The review also outlines practical benefits observed in real-life applications and proposes a framework to support the implementation of solving methods. Emerging research trends in the C&P area are also discussed. Considering industrial aspects in the design of solving methods contributes to advances in manufacturing, improving production efficiency by reducing raw material waste, cutting costs, and minimizing the time required to generate cutting patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probabilistic Vector Machines","authors":"A. Pedro Duarte Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cor.2025.107203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel Support Vector Machine (SVM) methodology for finding accurate probabilities of class memberships in supervised classification problems. Classical SVMs do not complement their class predictions with reliable confidence measures for each class assignment. For two-class problems this problem can be overcome by combining a sequence of weighted SVMs predictions into consistent class probabilities. In this work we show how a smart use of mathematical programming models can be used to extend this approach to the general multi-class classification problem. Previous attempts to tackle this problem either do not scale well with the number of different classes, or rely on sub-optimal partition strategies. Numerical experiments reveal the good scaling properties of the proposal, and the relative advantages of its class probability estimates over alternative approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10542,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Operations Research","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 107203"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}