Clinical Rheumatology最新文献

{"title":"Identification of therapeutic targets for psoriatic arthritis through proteomics.","authors":"Fang Zhang, Jie Li, Diqian Zhao, Wenzhe Bai","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07508-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07508-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory disease that causes chronic pain, psychological problems, and a significant economic burden, and therefore must be diagnosed and treated early. Existing treatments have limited efficacy and side effects. The study aimed to identify potential drug targets associated with psoriatic arthritis through proteomics and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Large-scale genome-wide association studies and proteomics data were used to assess the causal relationship between plasma proteins and PsA through MR analysis, Bayesian colocalization analysis, summary data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis, and heterogeneity in dependent instruments (HEIDI) test, and to analyze protein-protein interaction networks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 26 proteins that may be causally related to PsA, of which 15 were positively correlated and 11 negatively correlated. According to the results of SMR analysis and colocalization analysis, these targets were further analyzed and classified into high, medium, and low confidence levels. High confidence targets include APOF, PRSS27, and DDX58, which were consistently supported by multiple analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study identified several promising targets for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis through multiple analysis methods, providing a theoretical basis for future treatment strategies, but further experimental verification and clinical research are needed. Key Points • Using large-scale genome-wide association studies and proteomics data, drug targets for psoriatic arthritis (PsA) were identified through Mendelian randomization analysis, Bayesian colocalization analysis, and summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) analysis. • The study identified 26 proteins that are causally related to psoriatic arthritis, of which 15 are positively and 11 are negatively associated with psoriatic arthritis. • Among the identified proteins, APOF, PRSS27, and DDX58 were ranked as high confidence targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary emphysema: an emerging manifestation in ANCA-associated vasculitis-case series and systematic review.","authors":"Sebastian Molina-Rios, Leonardo Galindo, Diana Gil Calderón, Jose Yate, Manuela Rubio, Luis Javier Cajas-Santana","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07475-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07475-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a group of inflammatory conditions that can potentially affect multiple systems, with respiratory involvement being a common manifestation. Pulmonary emphysema as a sole manifestation is extremely rare. We report a case series of three patients diagnosed with AAV as a potential cause of pulmonary emphysema. Additionally, we conducted a systematic review of the literature to explore this association.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the potential mechanism of tofacitinib therapy for ankylosing spondylitis through gut microbiome and plasma metabolomics.","authors":"Xin Wang, Chao Sun, Xinmeng Yang, Guixia Xu, Lijia Pei, Lin Tang, Shengqian Xu, Changhao Xie","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07467-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07467-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the role of gut microbiota and plasma metabolites in the therapeutic mechanism of tofacitinib in ankylosing spondylitis (AS).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Ten AS patients and ten matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. 16S rRNA sequencing and LC-MS profiling was conducted to investigate the gut microbiota and plasma metabolite before and after tofacitinib therapy. An AS mouse model was established to validate the effect of tofacitinib in vivo via H&E staining, western blot, and ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tofacitinib improved clinical symptoms in AS patients. Microbiota analysis revealed Microbiota analysis revealed reduced α-diversity (ACE, Chao1) and altered community structure in AS patients compared to HC, which partially normalized post-treatment. LEfSe identified 84 taxa biomarkers; Barnesiella, Coprobacter, Lachnospira, and Lactobacillus tended to return to normal after tofacitinib treatment. Plasma metabolomics uncovered 3 key metabolies, including choline metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, and phenylalanine metabolism. Spearman analysis revealed that the gut microbiota were closely related to the changes in differential plasma metabolites. Combinated tofacitinib and trichostatin therapy attenuated inflammation, restored metabolism caused by AS in mice in vivo.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AS patients suffer from dysbiosis of gut microbiota, and the mechanism of tofacitinib treatment of AS may be related to the modulation of gut microbiota and alteration of plasma metabolites. Key Points • Tofacitinib improves clinical symptoms in patients with AS. • Tofacitinib regulates gut microbiota in AS patients. • Tofacitinib regulates plasma metabolites in patients with AS. • Tofacitinib regulates the choline metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of classification criteria for spondyloarthritis: where do we stand in many Latin American countries? A systematic literature review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Omar-Javier Calixto, Maria-Alejandra Meneses-Toro, Rodrigo Garcia-Salinas, Wilson Bautista-Molano","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07474-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07474-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses a group of chronic inflammatory diseases affecting the spine and peripheral joints. Although classification criteria for SpA have been tested globally, their validity and performance in Latin American (LA) populations remain debated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, with the protocol registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023464861). Searches were performed in Medline, Cochrane library, Embase and Virtual Health Library databases based on the PIRO framework. Studies assessing SpA classification criteria in LA patients were included, focusing on performance characteristics. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were estimated using a proportional meta-analysis with random-effect model, followed by sensitivity analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the multinational studies, fewer than 10% included LA patients. Most of the studies evaluated the ASAS, the most recent criteria, and clinical diagnosis by a physician as the gold standard. The Amor criteria reported a pooled sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 46%. The ESSG criteria had a pooled sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 35%. The ASAS criteria had a pooled sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 43%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These systematic literature review and meta-analysis, including SpA patients from six LA countries, suggest that the ASAS classification criteria offer the best balance for sensitivity and specificity. However, these findings highlight the need for high-quality, homogeneous studies to validate SpA classification criteria in LA populations as patient assessment continues to evolve.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144157220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcome measures for assessing change in children with hypermobility-associated conditions and chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain: a Delphi survey of international health professions.","authors":"Rachal Quinlan, Luke M Davies, Kelly Gray, Verity Pacey","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07504-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07504-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The study aims to reach an expert consensus and rank the top outcome measures that health professionals could utilise to measure change in pain, function, fatigue, and quality of life (QoL) of children with hypermobility-associated conditions and chronic musculoskeletal lower limb pain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A three-round modified Delphi survey was conducted between February and April 2024. In the first two rounds, experienced health professionals were invited to rate the importance of outcome measures assessing change over time in children (5 years and older) with hypermobility and chronic musculoskeletal lower limb pain. Outcome measures were collated from the literature and participant suggestions and assigned to four domains: pain, function, fatigue, and QoL. A priori threshold of consensus was 70% or greater of participants rating an outcome measure as important or essential. In the third round, participants ranked the outcome measures that met consensus in order of importance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 44 health professionals, from 13 countries, participated. Retention rate from round one to round three was 85%. Nine outcome measures achieved consensus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reaching consensus on this core set of outcome measures to assess change over time represents a step toward the development of international guidelines for the management of children with hypermobility and lower limb pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to Editor on \"Electroacupuncture for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: clinical efficacy and its role in modulating pyroptosis and autophagy pathways\".","authors":"Linan Lin, Wei Pan, Yi Liang","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07473-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07473-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144149525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physician global assessments in systemic sclerosis is related to subclinical cardiac involvement.","authors":"Huilin He, Xinyu Tong, Shihan Xu, Qian Wang, Mengtao Li, Xiaofeng Zeng, Dong Xu, Xihai Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07496-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07496-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic sclerosis (SSc), is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. Although physician's Global Assessment (PGA) has been proved to be a useful tool in assessing the risk of outcomes in SSc patients, reliable grading criteria for SSc remain lacking. Early cardiac involvement particularly remains a diagnostic challenge.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to assess the differences of clinical and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in SSc patients with different duration and states, as indicated by PGA, identifying risk factors indicating potential cardiac involvement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SSc patients aged 18-70 years old without cardiac symptoms were recruited and underwent CMR at 3.0 T. PGA score was used to grade the SSc disease state: mild, the PGA score ranged from 0 to 1; and moderate/severe, the PGA score ranged from 1 to 3. The relationship between PGA and myocardial T1 values was analyzed using Spearman correlation coefficient. The inter-rater agreement in assessing PGA and the agreement between PGA and European Systemic sclerosis study group activity index (EScSG-AI) were evaluated using Kappa analysis. Linear regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between PGA and myocardial native T1 values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weak correlation was found between myocardial native T1 values and PGA score (r = 0.379, P = 0.002), particularly in SSc patients in moderate/severe disease state (r = 0.336, P = 0.008). Univariate linear regression analysis revealed that PGA was significantly associated with myocardial native T1 value (β, 15.316; 95%CI, 29.699-90.971; P < 0.001). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the association between PGA and myocardial native T1 value remained statistically significant after adjusting age and sex (model 1: β, 14.788; 95% CI, 35.257-94.461; P < 0.001), age, sex and myositis (model 2: β, 61.110; 95% CI, 32.177-90.043; P < 0.001), and age, sex, myositis, disease duration (model 3: β, 63.895; 95% CI 33.281-94.519; P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGA was associated with myocardial native T1 values in asymptomatic SSc patients, suggesting that PGA might be a useful tool to evaluate subclinical myocardial involvement of SSc. Key Points • The Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) may offer a low-cost, non-invasive method for identifying subclinical myocardial involvement in SSc patients, potentially enhancing screening and disease management. • These findings provide a basis for further longitudinal studies with larger cohorts to validate the role of PGA in predicting cardiac outcomes in SSc.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144141527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive thyroid autoantibodies in primary Sjögren syndrome define a subset of patients with milder disease.","authors":"Xiaojing Gu, Yangchun Chen, Jingxiu Xuan, Yingying Shi, Shiju Chen, Yuan Liu, Guixiu Shi","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07500-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07500-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the prevalence, clinical and immune characteristics of patients with primary Sjögren syndrome (pSjS) with positive thyroid autoantibodies (TABs) in Chinese population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>391 cases of pSjS were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with positive thyroid autoantibodies (TABs), the presence of either thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), or thyrotropin receptor antibody (TR-Ab), or any combination of these were defined as positive TABs group, and patients without any TABs were defined as negative TABs group. The clinical manifestations and laboratory results were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 391 pSjS patients, the TABs were positive in 32.99% (129/391) patients. In the positive TABs group, the prevalence of Raynaud phenomenon was higher, the prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and low complement 4 (C4) level were significantly lower. Additionally, the levels of serum globulin, immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM were higher compared with patients with negative TABs. Age, ILD, RF and anti-SSA were negatively correlated with the coexistence of TABs, while C-reactive protein (CRP) was positively correlated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PSjS was closely related to autoimmune thyroid abnormalities. The prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) and TABs in pSjS was high, pSjS patients with positive TABs might represent a milder subset of the disease with a better prognosis with low risk of ILD. Key Points • PSjS was closely related to autoimmune thyroid abnormalities, the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) and TABs in pSjS were high. • The prevalence of interstitial lung disease (ILD) and low complement 4 (C4) level were significantly lower in the positive TABs group. PSjS patients with positive TABs may represent a milder subset of the disease with a better prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of serum RAGE levels in anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis.","authors":"Peishi Rao, Shanzhao Jin, Yuetong Qi, Xu Liu, Shixiong Cao","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07493-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07493-x","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is involved in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. It plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, its clinical significance and association with RA disease activity, particularly in anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP)-negative patients, remain unclear.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum RAGE levels and RA disease activity, clinical features, and serological markers, to evaluate its clinical significance in RA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 180 RA patients fulfilling the ACR/EULAR classification criteria and 30 healthy controls (HC) were included. Serum RAGE levels were measured and analyzed in relation to disease activity, serological markers, and clinical manifestations. RA patients were stratified based on Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) and anti-CCP status. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to determine the disease activity marker potential of RAGE.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Serum RAGE levels were significantly lower in RA patients compared to HC (P &lt; 0.001). RAGE levels were negatively correlated with disease activity markers, including DAS28, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP). It was also negatively correlated with autoantibodies, including rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP antibodies, and immunoglobulin G (IgG). RA patients with higher RAGE levels had lower disease activity and decreased inflammatory markers level. ROC analysis identified an optimal cutoff value of 2037 pg/mL for distinguishing RA from HC (AUC = 0.783, sensitivity = 75.0%, specificity = 80.0%). RAGE exhibits a stronger association with inflammatory markers in RA patients with low disease activity. Notably, anti-CCP-negative RA patients had significantly higher serum RAGE levels compared to anti-CCP-positive patients (P &lt; 0.001). In anti-CCP-negative RA, RAGE levels were highest in the low disease activity group. ROC analysis revealed that RAGE (AUC = 0.774) had superior diagnostic performance in identifying low disease activity compared to CRP (AUC = 0.705) and ESR (AUC = 0.699).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Serum RAGE is inversely associated with RA disease activity and may be useful for evaluating disease severity. Its diagnostic value is particularly significant in anti-CCP-negative RA, where it outperforms traditional markers in predicting low disease activity. Key Points • Serum RAGE levels are lower in RA patients and negatively correlate with disease activity. • Higher RAGE levels are associated with lower inflammatory markers and reduced autoantibody titers. • Anti-CCP-negative RA patients exhibit significantly higher RAGE levels than anti-CCP-positive patients. • RAGE demonstrates superior diagnostic performance over CRP and ESR in identifying low disease activity in anti-C","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Takayasu arteritis complicated by SAPHO syndrome: A case-based review.","authors":"Shu Sugimoto, Dai Kishida, Tatsuya Kobayashi, Naoki Tanomogi, Jun-Ichi Kurashina, Takanori Ichikawa, Yasuhiro Shimojima, Yoshiki Sekijima","doi":"10.1007/s10067-025-07501-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10067-025-07501-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is often associated with other inflammatory diseases. Here, we describe two Japanese patients with TAK complicated by synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome. Both patients presented with anterior chest pain as their chief complaint and were diagnosed with TAK following SAPHO syndrome. Treatment with glucocorticoids and biological agents led to a rapid improvement in symptoms. A review of the literature identified 11 additional cases of TAK complicated by SAPHO syndrome. SAPHO syndrome frequently precedes TAK, with the diagnostic interval between the two diseases ranging from 1 month to 12 years. No clear association was found between the sites of osteoarticular and vascular involvement. These findings suggest that SAPHO syndrome may be a comorbid condition in patients with TAK. As TAK may develop several years after the diagnosis of SAPHO syndrome, clinicians should consider the possibility of TAK in patients presenting with severe inflammation that cannot be fully explained by SAPHO syndrome alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":10482,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Rheumatology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144126713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}