Classical and Quantum Gravity最新文献

{"title":"Search for echoes on the edge of quantum black holes","authors":"Jahed Abedi","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae008c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae008c","url":null,"abstract":"I perform a template-based search for stimulated emission of Hawking radiation (or Boltzmann echoes) by combining the gravitational wave data from 47 binary black hole merger events observed by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. With a Bayesian inference approach, I found no statistically significant evidence for this signal in either of the 3 Gravitational Wave Transient Catalogs GWTC-1, GWTC-2 and GWTC-3. While the data does not provide definitive evidence against the presence of Boltzmann echoes, the Bayesian evidence for most events falls within the range of 0.3–1.6, with the hypothesis of a common (non-vanishing) echo amplitude for all mergers being weakly disfavored at 2:5 odds. The only exception is GW190521, the most massive and confidently detected event ever observed, which shows a positive evidence of 9.2 for stimulated Hawking radiation. The ‘look-elsewhere’ effect for this outlier event is assessed by applying two distinct methods to add simulated signals in real data, before and after the event, giving false (true) positive detection probabilities for higher Bayes factors of , ( , ). An optimal combination of posteriors yields an upper limit of A < 0.4 (at 90% confidence level) for a universal echo amplitude, whereas was predicted in the canonical model. To ensure the robustness of the results, I have employed an additional method to combine the events hierarchically. This approach involves using a target Gaussian distribution and extracting the parameters from multiple uncertain observations, which may be affected by selection biases.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145255685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collinear corrections to the Cachazo–Strominger soft theorem","authors":"Eivind Jørstad and Sruthi A Narayanan","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae09eb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae09eb","url":null,"abstract":"Soft theorems describe the behavior of scattering amplitudes when one or several external particles are taken to be energetically soft. In tree-level gravity there are universal soft theorems for the three leading orders in the soft expansion, and they can be shown to be equivalent to Ward identities of asymptotic symmetries. While the leading and subleading symmetries are understood as supertranslations and superrotations respectively, the precise symmetry interpretation of the sub-subleading soft theorem is still a matter of investigation. The form of the sub-subleading soft graviton theorem was elucidated by Cachazo and Strominger using a BCFW expansion of graviton amplitudes. In this work we show that consistency with results based on asymptotic charges requires a careful treatment of collinear singularities in the amplitude, giving rise to collinear corrections to the usual Cachazo–Strominger soft theorem.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cosmological scalar and tensor perturbations with a scalar field: quadratic-order effective energy-momentum tensor","authors":"Inyong Cho","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae0aae","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae0aae","url":null,"abstract":"We introduce the scalar and tensor modes of the gravitational perturbation in the presence of a scalar field which describes inflation. We investigate the back-reaction of the perturbations to the background by studying the effective energy-momentum tensor (2EMT) which is the second order constructed by the quadratic terms of the linear perturbations. 2EMT is gauge dependent due to the scalar mode. We obtain 2EMT in the slow-roll stage of inflation, and get its cosmological expressions in three (longitudinal, spatially flat, and comoving) gauge conditions. We find that the pure scalar-mode part in 2EMT is stronger in the short-wavelength limit, while the parts involved with the tensor mode (the pure tensor-mode part and the scalar-tensor coupled part) are stronger in the long-wavelength limit.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conformal Einstein equation and symplectic flux with a positive cosmological constant","authors":"Sk Jahanur Hoque, Pavel Krtouš and Carlos Peón-Nieto","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae09ea","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae09ea","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the conformal Einstein equation with a positive cosmological constant to extract fall-off conditions of the gravitational fields. The fall-off conditions are consistent with a finite, non-trivial presymplectic current on the future boundary of de Sitter. Hence our result allows a non-zero gravitational flux across the boundary of the de Sitter. We present an explicit gauge-free computation to show that the Gibbons–Hawking boundary term, counterterm in the action, and fall-off condition of gravitational field in conformal Einstein equation are crucial to reproduce the finite symplectic flux.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145241515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravitational slip in the parameterized post-Newtonian cosmology","authors":"Theodore Anton, Timothy Clifton and Daniel B Thomas","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae085e","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae085e","url":null,"abstract":"A key signature of general relativity is that the two scalar potentials Φ and Ψ, when expressed in the longitudinal gauge, are equal in the absence of fluids with anisotropic stress. This is often expressed by stating that their ratio, the ‘gravitational slip’, is equal to unity. However, the equality of Φ and Ψ is typically broken in alternative theories of gravity. Observational constraints on the slip parameter are therefore of direct interest for testing Einstein’s theory. In this paper we derive theory-independent expressions for the slip parameter on both large and small scales in Friedmann cosmologies, expressing it as a function of the post-Newtonian parameters. This is the final ingredient required for a complete parameterization of dust and dark energy-dominated cosmologies within the framework of parameterized post-Newtonian cosmology, which allows for the fully self-consistent modeling of cosmological observables without assuming any specific theory of gravity.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addendum: Gravitational memory: new results from post-Newtonian and self-force theory (2025 Class. Quantum Grav. 42 135009)","authors":"Kevin Cunningham, Chris Kavanagh, Adam Pound, David Trestini, Niels Warburton and Jakob Neef","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae09e8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae09e8","url":null,"abstract":"In Cunningham et al (2025 Class. Quantum Grav.42 135009), we made use of the recent completion of the oscillatory piece of the waveform at third-and-a-half post-Newtonian (3.5PN) order (Henry 2023 Phys. Rev. D107 044057) to obtain the GW memory piece for non-spinning binary black holes. However, the latter reference also contains the spinning contributions to the oscillatory waveform for non-precessing systems. In this Addendum, we take advantage of this fact to compute the non-oscillatory, memory piece at 3.5PN for non-precessing, spinning binary black holes. This completes the 3.5PN waveform, including both oscillatory and memory effects in the non-spinning and spinning sectors. Crucially, this computation required controlling the spin-induced absorption effects due to the black-hole horizons. Our result is fully consistent with the results at 5PN and leading order in the mass ratio obtained in our main paper using analytical self-force techniques for a non-spinning particle around a Kerr black hole (a ≠ 0). We also take advantage of this computation to present in one place a certain number of important quantities (energy, energy flux at infinity, horizon energy flux, and phasing) in the case of spinning, non-precessing, binary black hole systems on circular orbits, at 3.5PN and to all orders in spin. These results were for the most part known, but were scattered throughout the literature. Finally, we include in this Addendum an ancillary file, which contains most lengthy results in machine-readable form.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penrose inequality for integral energy conditions","authors":"Eduardo Hafemann and Eleni-Alexandra Kontou","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae0405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae0405","url":null,"abstract":"The classical Penrose inequality, a relation between the ADM mass and the area of any cross section of the black hole event horizon, was introduced as a test of the weak cosmic censorship conjecture: if it fails, the trapped surface is not necessarily behind the event horizon and a naked singularity could form. Since that original derivation, a variety of proofs have developed, mainly focused on the initial data formulation on maximal spacelike slices of spacetime. Most of these proofs are applicable only for classical fields, as the energy conditions required are violated in the context of quantum field theory. In this work we provide two generalizations of the Penrose inequality for spherically symmetric spacetimes: a proof of a classical Penrose inequality using initial data and an average energy condition, and a proof of a modified Penrose inequality for evaporating black holes with a connection to the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. The latter case could also be applicable to quantum fields as it uses a condition inspired by quantum energy inequalities. Finally, we provide physically motivated examples for both.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asymptopia of Kerr–de Sitter black holes","authors":"Samuel Blitz and Jarosław Kopiński","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae0be4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae0be4","url":null,"abstract":"Exterior geometries of physical black holes are believed to asymptotically approach the Kerr–de Sitter spacetime at late times. A characteristic feature of that vacuum Einstein solution is the presence of a hidden symmetry generated by a closed conformal Killing–Yano tensor. Using this symmetry and modern conformal geometry technology, we find necessary conditions for generic solutions to asymptotically approach the Kerr–de Sitter metric. Further, we constrain the admissible form of the geometric free data on the conformal infinity giving rise to this family of spacetimes and constrain it in terms of the stress-energy tensor.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SXS collaboration’s third catalog of binary black hole simulations","authors":"Mark A Scheel, Michael Boyle, Keefe Mitman, Nils Deppe, Leo C Stein, Cristóbal Armaza, Marceline S Bonilla, Luisa T Buchman, Andrea Ceja, Himanshu Chaudhary, Yitian Chen, Maxence Corman, Károly Zoltán Csukás, C Melize Ferrus, Scott E Field, Matthew Giesler, Sarah Habib, François Hébert, Daniel A Hemberger, Dante A B Iozzo, Tousif Islam, Ken Z Jones, Aniket Khairnar, Lawrence E Kidder, Taylor Knapp, Prayush Kumar, Guillermo Lara, Oliver Long, Geoffrey Lovelace, Sizheng Ma, Denyz Melchor, Marlo Morales, Jordan Moxon, Peter James Nee, Kyle C Nelli, Eamonn O’Shea, Serguei Ossokine, Robert Owen, Harald P Pfeiffer, Isabella G Pretto, Teresita Ramirez-Aguilar, Antoni Ramos-Buades, Adhrit Ravichandran, Abhishek Ravishankar, Samuel Rodriguez, Hannes R Rüter, Jennifer Sanchez, Md Arif Shaikh, Dongze Sun, Béla Szilágyi, Daniel Tellez, Saul A Teukolsky, Sierra Thomas, William Throwe, Vijay Varma, Nils L Vu, Marissa Walker, Nikolas A Wittek and Jooheon Yoo","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/adfd34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/adfd34","url":null,"abstract":"We present a major update to the Simulating eXtreme Spacetimes (SXSs) Collaboration’s catalog of binary black hole (BBH) simulations. Using highly efficient spectral methods implemented in the Spectral Einstein Code (SpEC), we have nearly doubled the total number of binary configurations from 2018 to 3756. The catalog now more densely covers the parameter space with precessing simulations up to mass ratio q = 8 and dimensionless spins up to with near-zero eccentricity. The catalog also includes some simulations at higher mass ratios with moderate spin and more than 250 eccentric simulations. We have also deprecated and rerun some simulations from our previous catalog (e.g. simulations run with a much older version of SpEC or that had anomalously high errors in the waveform). The median waveform difference (which is similar to the mismatch) between resolutions over the simulations in the catalog is . The simulations have a median of 22 orbits, while the longest simulation has 148 orbits. We have corrected each waveform in the catalog to be in the binary’s center-of-mass frame and exhibit gravitational-wave memory. We estimate the total CPU cost of all simulations in the catalog to be 480 000 000 core-hours. We find that using spectral methods for BBH simulations is over 1000 times more efficient than previously published finite-difference simulations. The full catalog is publicly available through the sxs Python package and at https://data.black-holes.org .","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"42 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145228816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting milli-Hz gravitational waves with optical resonators","authors":"Giovanni Barontini, Xavier Calmet, Vera Guarrera, Aaron Smith and Alberto Vecchio","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae09ec","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae09ec","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a gravitational wave (GW) detector based on ultrastable optical cavities enabling the detection of GW signals in the mostly unexplored Hz frequency band. We illustrate the working principle of the detector and discuss that several classes of GW sources, both of astrophysical and cosmological origin, may be within the detection range of this instrument. Our work suggests that terrestrial GW detection in the milli-Hz frequency range is potentially within reach with current technology.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145209583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}