Prof(Dr) Lalith Edirisinghe, J. Zhihong, A. W. Wijeratne
{"title":"Container Inventory Management: Introducing the 3F Model","authors":"Prof(Dr) Lalith Edirisinghe, J. Zhihong, A. W. Wijeratne","doi":"10.1504/IJLSM.2018.10016864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1504/IJLSM.2018.10016864","url":null,"abstract":"Container inventory imbalances (CII) can primarily be attributed to global trade imbalances that cause a substantial indirect cost in shipping. Therefore, it is imperative that carriers adopt highly efficient and effective container inventory management (CIM) systems to overcome the CII issues. This research intends to develop realistic guidelines for CIM that minimise CII costs. The components of the 3F model are chosen based on the rating scores given by the experts for 22 common CIM strategies followed by a standard filtration process. It ultimately comprises six strategies, namely: reduce import freight; reduce export freight; service agreements; synchronised budget; agile inventory; and export priority. These variables are rooted in three dimensions namely: freight, forecasting and flexibility. To identify the relative contribution by each component, this paper proposes a double weight allocation procedure for each strategy. The 3F model helps managers to think beyond traditional container reposition and increased profits.","PeriodicalId":102714,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Containerization (Topic)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127615409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Benefits of Container Exchange between Carriers: A Case Study","authors":"Prof(Dr) Lalith Edirisinghe, J. Zhihong","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.2966623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2966623","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes that the container exchange mechanism is an effective solution to the container inventory imbalance problem. Drewry Shipping Consultants state that about 20% of total container flows at sea around the world are empty, and the costs of re-positioning are about USD 400 per container. There is a tremendous pressure on reducing logistics cost and carbon footprint. The fundamental reason for Container Inventory Imbalance (CII) is the external trade imbalance of countries. A major challenge revolves around re-positioning of empty reusable containers. It is noted that the exchange mechanism works well with respect to the shipping space (slots) that has proved immense benefits to carriers as well as to the industry in general. However, the carriers believe that there is no opportunity for container exchange as the intrinsic trade imbalance is commonly applicable to all carriers. The industry has not made any attempt to evaluate the benefits of container exchange due to this myopic view.","PeriodicalId":102714,"journal":{"name":"TransportRN: Containerization (Topic)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121089545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}