{"title":"The Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Business and Economies: Global Perspectives","authors":"Shubham Parsoya, Asif Perwej","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2021.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2021.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Different types of industries and businesses are directly and indirectly affected by the coronavirus. The economies of different countries were damaged severely; and the overall performance of such economies gets stepped backward for almost 20 years in terms of growth and development. The aim of the study is to analyze and evaluate the overall impact of the coronavirus pandemic on different types of industries and economies from a global perspective. For the analysis, the secondary sources of data is used which includes different types of articles, research papers, books, and reports published by the authors of different countries. This paper concludes that several types of business functions got severely hampered but there are some types of businesses which had gained advantages in terms of business functionality and scope. Different types of industries encountered different types of situations; most of the businesses had faced extremely bad situations whereas some from the healthcare industry such as, sanitizer, and mask manufacturing, and e-commerce-based businesses gained huge advantages.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"117 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133526330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Relationship between Customer Satisfaction and Service Quality in Private Banks of India","authors":"Shubhangi D. Mishra, Bharati Jadhav","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2021.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2021.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to analyze the extent of service quality and customer loyalty in private banks. For any bank to grow and develop sustainably, they need to ensure their customer’s satisfaction in which service quality plays a decisive role. Satisfied customers, similarly, provoke customer’s loyalty towards their banks that can then enhance the profitability of Banks. With the help of the SERVQUAL Model, the study also traces various factors considered when measuring customer satisfaction. The primary data were collected with the help of a standardized questionnaire on the said topic, which conveniently collected a sample of 200 respondents accessing private banking services in different cities of India. The collected data are analyzed with the statistical tools of Factor Analysis, Reliability, and Validity tests with the help of SPSS.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115053636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19 Impact on Nifty Banks: An Event Study Methodology","authors":"Sabat Kumar Digal, Yashmin Khatun, Braja Sundar Seet","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2021.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2021.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"The financial sector, because of its catalytic role in the economy, has always been in the eye of the storm in economic difficulties. Due to the pandemic, the stock market had lost about 27 percent by April 2020 and bank nifty has had a lion’s share in pushing the index down to this level. Uncertainty arose as the containment of the disease and the availability of vaccines remain uncertain; this contributed to the plunge in investor confidence. Because of the central role of banks in the development initiatives of the governments, COVID-19 has become a significant threat to the sustainability of the banks globally, especially in developing economies. However, we believe every downfall brings in new opportunities for the investors. Therefore, the present study attempted to study both the gloom and boon and observed that there were short-term abnormal returns to the investors of nifty banks in two different periods - the detection of the first case of COVID-19 in India and the lockdown periods in India. The impacts of both the events are calculated by applying Market and Risk Adjusted model, Market Adjusted Return model and Mean Adjusted Return model. The paper concludes that the impacts were insignificant during the first period and was quite significant in the subsequent period. Nifty banks have earned negative abnormal returns during the pre-lockdown period and positive abnormal returns during post lockdown period which indicates that the markets reacted positively as India implemented the first lockdown.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116797380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Mensah, Christopher Ziemnowicz, John R. Parnell
{"title":"Crisis Perception, Experience, and Preparedness among Managers in Ghana","authors":"E. Mensah, Christopher Ziemnowicz, John R. Parnell","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2021.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2021.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Research about organizations and possible crisis events that may affect their operations or have negative consequences is wide-ranging. Recommendations include establishing crisis management plans and developing alternatives to deal with potential disasters. Most of the crisis management literature focuses on large businesses in developed countries. This study surveys the perceptions, preparedness, and involvement concerning crisis occurrences among managers in Ghana, an emerging nation. Initial findings suggest indigenous Ghanaian managers recognize the need for crisis preparation, but at the same time, may not invest the time, energy, and resources that are needed to be prepared. This study shows that Ghanaian firms with foreign ownership or control have in place crisis management policies typically found within large international businesses. This paper outlines the crisis management background and literature, presents the situation in Ghana, and reports on the survey conducted in Ghana. Our suggestions should assist managers of indigenous firms in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123787958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"COVID-19, Lockdown and Its Effect on Consumption Behavior of Household: Evidence from Maharashtra State, India","authors":"S. Pawar, A. Birari, Jitendrasinh Jamadar","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2021.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2021.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of COVID-19, nationwide lockdown, and measures taken by the central bank to adjust the consumer behavior of households in Maharashtra, India. This study used a structured questionnaire to achieve the objectives with a sample size of 221 and statistical tools like Logistics regression, Kruskal Wallis Test, Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, and Chi-Square Test. The results indicate that COVID-19 decreased the consumption of the household and that there was a significantly positive relationship between the level of consumption during lockdown and age, gender, number of dependents, income, education level, and region. People tend to lower their consumption for non-essential categories and increase for essential ones. The current study is considered the first of its kind conducted in Maharashtra, India. To the best of our knowledge, there were no such studies regarding measuring the impact of COVID-19 on household consumption.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123174298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Franchising and Economic Growth: A Macro Perspective","authors":"Gowsia Bashir, Mubashir Majih Bada","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2020.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2020.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Much of the research conducted in India in the area of entrepreneurship considers the relation between entrepreneurship and economic performance. However, the latest business strategy that has shown tremendous development in business arena has been ignored altogether. The present paper provides a theoretical framework of the relationship between franchising business and national economic performance. The main aim of this paper is to present the capabilities of applying the concept of franchising in the development of entrepreneurship in SME sector so as to trigger-economic performance. This article argues that there is a need to treat franchising not just a mere business expansion option but a powerful SME development strategy that has a capability to change the economic fate of the country like entrepreneurship does. The first part deals with some aspects of the recent economics literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship, small business, and economic growth. The second part a conceptual framework presents the links between franchising and economic growth at different levels of aggregation. In particular, it gives a summary of some research works across the world.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125517764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relationship of Firm, Managerial & Product Characteristics with Standardization of Export Marketing Strategies in Auto Component Manufacturing Industry","authors":"M. N","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2020.2.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2020.2.2","url":null,"abstract":"Every manufacturing firm formulates one or the other marketing strategies to capture more market share and revenue. Managers of each firm irrespective of the type of business make export policies to keep competitors away in international markets. The success of a firm’s export performance lies in the positive influence of internal and external factors. The objective of the research study is to explore the relationship between a firm’s internal factors such as firm’s, managerial and product characteristics on export marketing strategy standardisation in the auto component manufacturing industry specially those firms locating in southern parts of India. Descriptive research methodology has been applied for analysing the data. The linear regression model has been used in the present study and tested the significant association among the variables related to internal forces and standardisation of export marketing strategies. The finding shows that, export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment, product characteristics have a significant relationship with product standardisation. Export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment, managers export motivation have positive influence on price standardisation similarly, export marketing capabilities, managers export commitment have significant relationship with distribution standardization. Similarly, firm’s internationalisation capabilities manager’s export commitment and managers export knowledge and product characteristics have significant impact on promotion standardisation. This research article is confined to the auto component industry which is engaged in export activities and limited to the statndardisation of marketing strategies in international business.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126308033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Generalized Double Diamond Approach to the Global Competitiveness of the Pharmaceutical Industry: A Comparison between South Korea and Japan","authors":"Nathalia Roller","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2020.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2020.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"A competitive pharmaceutical industry is integral for the continued improvement of any country’s social and health resources and can be a source of sustained economic growth. As South Korea faces economic slowdown and increased social and health costs from an aged population, it is necessary to examine the current state of the industry’s competitiveness to determine how its global position can be enhanced. The following study identifies the determinants of South Korea’s competitiveness by applying the Generalized Double Diamond Model and conducts a comparative analysis with the globally competitive country of Japan. As the pharmaceutical industry is highly globalized, the study explores both domestic and international variables at the country and industry level ranging from 2015 to 2019. The results indicate that although South Korea almost matches Japan’s level of domestically determined competitiveness, there are significant international strategic differences that are hindering South Korea from becoming as globally competitive as Japan.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130183787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Institutional Analysis on Public-Private Partnerships in Sub-Saharan Africa’s Healthcare Systems and Policy Implications","authors":"Aladino José Manhiça","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2020.2.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2020.2.3","url":null,"abstract":"Many people in developing countries are exposed to a greater risk to access essential healthcare services. The World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank estimate that more than half of the world’s 7.3 billion people do not obtain all of the essential needed healthcare services. To minimize this burden, Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries have embraced the private sector through public-private partnership (PPP) as a mean to achieve Universal Healthcare Coverage (UHC). A number of publications have raised the importance of institutional setting for effectiveness of the PPP in the region. However, very few have outstretched persuasive requirements to examine the effectiveness of PPP considering SSA’s socio-economic context. This paper examines the applicable environment for PPP in healthcare systems in SSA and has observed a trend of decrease in resources allocated by developing countries to healthcare services; increasing participation of private sector in healthcare delivery; the effectiveness of PPP is determined, but not limited to, by the quality of institutions and additional variables such as cultural characteristics, community attributes, and physical or material conditions.","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129917569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Examining the Efficient Risk Management Strategy of Korean Air during the Pandemic: Comparison with AAL, AF-KLM, DAL, and SIA","authors":"J. Yoon, Seohyun Lee, Minji Hong, Sungmin Choi","doi":"10.51240/jibe.2020.2.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51240/jibe.2020.2.4","url":null,"abstract":"The airline industry is one of the industries that were the most severely affected by the spread of COVID-19. As the travel demand was plunged, some airlines declared bankruptcies while others took strategies to cut the expenditures and revise the revenue stream (from the passenger flights to air freight). In this study, we assess the performance of Korean Air by examining the economic cost of COVID-19 on the overall airline industry and discussing how airlines coped with the plunged demands. Additionally, we examine the effect of external factors including government policies on each airline’s performance. In the end, the study highlights the significance of flexibility and agility in business decisions, especially when it comes to the decisions for risk management. In doing so, this study addresses the question, what is the most critical factor for business strategies that contribute to successful risk management?","PeriodicalId":102591,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Business and Economy","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126899186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}