Clinical Autonomic Research最新文献

{"title":"Noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure.","authors":"Tarun W Dasari, Praloy Chakraborty, Peter Mukli, Khawaja Akhtar, Andriy Yabluchanskiy, Madeleine W Cunningham, Anna Csiszar, Sunny S Po","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00997-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00997-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and excess sympathetic drive. It is unknown whether neuromodulation would improve inflammation and oxidative stress in acute heart failure. We, therefore, performed this proof-of-concept study to evaluate the effects of neuromodulation using noninvasive low-level tragus stimulation on inflammation and oxidative stress in ADHF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nineteen patients with ejection fraction < 40% were randomized to neuromodulation 4 h twice daily (6-10 a.m. and 6-10 p.m.) (n = 8) or sham stimulation (n = 11) during hospital admission. All patients received standard-of-care treatment. Blood samples were collected at admission and discharge. Serum cytokines were assayed using standard immunosorbent techniques. Reactive oxygen species inducibility from cultured coronary endothelial cells exposed to patient sera was determined using a dihydrodichlorofluorescein probe test (expressed as fluorescein units).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to sham stimulation, neuromodulation was associated with a significant reduction of circulating serum interleukin-6 levels (-78% vs. -9%; p = 0.012). Similarly, neuromodulation led to a reduction of endothelial cell oxidative stress in the neuromodulation group (1363 units to 978 units, p = 0.003) compared to sham stimulation (1146 units to 1083 units, p = 0.094). No significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, or renal function were noted between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this proof-of-concept pilot study, in acute decompensated heart failure, neuromodulation was feasible and safe and was associated with a reduction in systemic inflammation and attenuation of coronary endothelial cellular oxidative stress.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT02898181.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"767-775"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71520639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholinesterase inhibitors associated with lower rate of mortality in dementia patients with heart failure: a nationwide propensity weighting study.","authors":"Ming-Jer Hsieh, Cheng-Hung Lee, Dong-Yi Chen, Chia-Ling Wu, Yu-Tung Huang, Shang-Hung Chang","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00982-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00982-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigates the potential impact of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) on patients with heart failure (HF) and dementia. ChEIs are known to boost acetylcholine levels and benefit cognition in patients with dementia; however, their effect on patients with HF is uncertain. This study aimed to assess whether cardiovascular events and mortality among patients with HF and dementia are altered by ChEI therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan were retrospectively analyzed. Dementia patients diagnosed with HF were followed for 5 years until all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, hospitalization for worsening HF, or the end of the study. Multivariable Cox models and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 20,848 patients with dementia, 5138 had HF. Among them, 726 were ChEI users and 4412 were non-users. Based on IPTW, the ChEI users had significantly lower estimated risks of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) 0.43; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.38-0.49, p < 0.001] and cardiovascular mortality (HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.33-0.53, p < 0.001) compared with the non-users, but there was no significant difference in hospitalization for worsening HF (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.51-1.05, p = 0.091) after 5 years. The survival benefits of ChEIs were consistent across subgroups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of this retrospective cohort study suggest that ChEIs may be beneficial in reducing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in patients with dementia with HF. Further research is needed to validate these findings and explore the potential benefits of ChEIs in all patients with HF, including those without dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"715-726"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71478556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation: welcome to the jungle!","authors":"Patrice Brassard, Marc-Antoine Roy, Joel S Burma, Lawrence Labrecque, Jonathan D Smirl","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00986-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00986-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with dysautonomia often experience symptoms such as dizziness, syncope, blurred vision and brain fog. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation, or the ability of the cerebrovasculature to react to transient changes in arterial blood pressure, could be associated with these symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this narrative review, we go beyond the classical view of cerebral autoregulation to discuss dynamic cerebral autoregulation, focusing on recent advances pitfalls and future directions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following some historical background, this narrative review provides a brief overview of the concept of cerebral autoregulation, with a focus on the quantification of dynamic cerebral autoregulation. We then discuss the main protocols and analytical approaches to assess dynamic cerebral autoregulation, including recent advances and important issues which need to be tackled.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The researcher or clinician new to this field needs an adequate comprehension of the toolbox they have to adequately assess, and interpret, the complex relationship between arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow in healthy individuals and clinical populations, including patients with autonomic disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"791-810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41117292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain associated with intravascular instrumentation reduces orthostatic tolerance and predisposes to vasovagal reactions in healthy young adults without needle phobia: a randomised controlled study.","authors":"Brooke C D Hockin, Vera-Ellen M Lucci, Ryan E Y Wu, Michelle Nicholas, Iain T Parsons, Victoria E Claydon","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00972-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00972-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Vasovagal syncope (VVS), or fainting, is frequently triggered by pain, fear, or emotional distress, especially with blood-injection-injury stimuli. We aimed to examine the impact of intravenous (IV) instrumentation on orthostatic tolerance (OT; fainting susceptibility) in healthy young adults. We hypothesized that pain associated with IV procedures would reduce OT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study, participants (N = 23; 14 women; age 24.2 ± 4.4 years) underwent head-up tilt with combined lower body negative pressure to presyncope on three separate days: (1) IV cannulation with local anaesthetic cream (EMLA) (IV + EMLA); (2) IV cannulation with placebo cream (IV + Placebo); (3) sham IV cannulation with local anaesthetic cream (Sham + EMLA). Participants rated pain associated with IV procedures on a 1-5 scale. Cardiovascular (finger plethysmography and electrocardiogram; Finometer Pro), and forearm vascular resistance (FVR; brachial Doppler) responses were recorded continuously and non-invasively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to Sham + EMLA (27.8 ± 2.4 min), OT was reduced in IV + Placebo (23.0 ± 2.8 min; p = 0.026), but not in IV + EMLA (26.2 ± 2.2 min; p = 0.185). Pain was increased in IV + Placebo (2.8 ± 0.2) compared to IV + EMLA (2.0 ± 2.2; p = 0.002) and Sham + EMLA (1.1 ± 0.1; p < 0.001). Orthostatic heart rate responses were lower in IV + Placebo (84.4 ± 3.1 bpm) than IV + EMLA (87.3 ± 3.1 bpm; p = 0.007) and Sham + EMLA (87.7 ± 3.1 bpm; p = 0.001). Maximal FVR responses were reduced in IV + Placebo (+ 140.7 ± 19.0%) compared to IV + EMLA (+ 221.2 ± 25.9%; p < 0.001) and Sham + EMLA (+ 190.6 ± 17.0%; p = 0.017).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pain plays a key role in predisposing to VVS following venipuncture, and our data suggest this effect is mediated through reduced capacity to achieve maximal sympathetic activation during orthostatic stress. Topical anaesthetics, such as EMLA, may reduce the frequency and severity of VVS during procedures requiring needles and intravascular instrumentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"673-689"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10070885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurofilament light chain in spinal fluid and plasma in multiple system atrophy: a prospective, longitudinal biomarker study.","authors":"Wolfgang Singer, Ann M Schmeichel, David M Sletten, Tonette L Gehrking, Jade A Gehrking, Jorge Trejo-Lopez, Mariana D Suarez, Jennifer K Anderson, Pamela H Bass, Timothy G Lesnick, Phillip A Low","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00974-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00974-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a critical need for reliable diagnostic biomarkers as well as surrogate markers of disease progression in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) has been reported to potentially meet those needs. We therefore sought to explore the value of NfL in plasma (NfL-p) in contrast to cerebrospinal fluid (NfL-c) as a diagnostic marker of MSA, and to assess NfL-p and NfL-c as markers of clinical disease progression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Well-characterized patients with early MSA (n = 32), Parkinson's disease (PD; n = 21), and matched controls (CON; n = 15) were enrolled in a prospective, longitudinal study of synucleinopathies with serial annual evaluations. NfL was measured using a high-sensitivity immunoassay, and findings were assessed by disease category and relationship with clinical measures of disease progression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Measurements of NfL-c were highly reproducible across immunoassay platforms (Pearson, r = 0.99), while correlation between NfL-c and -p was only moderate (r = 0.66). NfL was significantly higher in MSA compared with CON and PD; the separation was essentially perfect for NfL-c, but there was overlap, particularly with PD, for NfL-p. While clinical measures of disease severity progressively increased over time, NfL-c and -p remained at stable elevated levels within subjects across serial measurements. Neither change in NfL nor baseline NfL were significantly associated with changes in clinical markers of disease severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings confirm NfL-c as a faithful diagnostic marker of MSA, while NfL-p showed less robust diagnostic value. The significant NfL elevation in MSA was found to be remarkably stable over time and was not predictive of clinical disease progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"635-645"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10840936/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10169436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Augmented resting beat-to-beat blood pressure variability in patients with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Jeann L Sabino-Carvalho, Jinhee Jeong, Justin Sprick, Dana DaCosta, Massimo Nardone, Jeanie Park","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00979-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00979-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our aim was to test the hypothesis that patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) would exhibit augmented resting beat-to-beat blood pressure variability (BPV) that is associated with poor clinical outcomes independent of mean blood pressure (BP). In addition, since the arterial baroreflex plays a critical role in beat-to-beat BP regulation, we further hypothesized that an impaired baroreflex control would be associated with an augmented resting beat-to-beat BPV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 25 sedentary patients with CKD stages III-IV (62 ± 9 years) and 20 controls (57 ± 10 years), resting beat-to-beat BP (finger photoplethysmography) and heart rate (electrocardiography) were continuously measured for 10 min. We calculated the standard deviation (SD), average real variability (ARV) and other indices of BPV. The sequence technique was used to estimate spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with controls (CON), the CKD group had significantly increased resting BPV. The ARV (2.2 ± 0.6 versus 1.6 ± 0.5 mmHg, P < 0.001; 1.6 ± 0.7 versus 1.3 ± 0.3 mmHg, P = 0.039; 1.4 ± 0.5 versus 1.0 ± 0.2 mmHg, P < 0.001) of systolic, diastolic and mean BP, respectively, was increased in CKD versus controls. Other traditional measures of variability showed similar results. The cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was lower in CKD compared with controls (CKD: 8.4 ± 4.5 ms/mmHg versus CON: 14.0 ± 8.2 ms/mmHg, P = 0.008). In addition, cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was negatively associated with BPV [systolic blood pressure (SBP) ARV; r = -0.44, P = 0.003].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, our data demonstrate that patients with CKD have augmented beat-to-beat BPV and lower cardiac baroreflex sensitivity. BPV and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity were negatively correlated in this cohort. These findings may further our understanding about cardiovascular dysregulation observed in patients with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"705-714"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10993989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41092904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhalation of THC-containing cannabis selectively diminishes cardiac autonomic function in humans.","authors":"Massimo Nardone, Christian P Cheung, Ryleigh E Baker, Kathryn Pfundt, Jordan B Lee, Jamie F Burr, Philip J Millar","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00993-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00993-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"919-922"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71421187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sweat gland nerve fiber density and association with sudomotor function, symptoms, and risk factors in adolescents with type 1 diabetes.","authors":"Vinni Faber Rasmussen, Ann Schmeichel, Mathilde Thrysøe, Jens Randel Nyengaard, Ann-Margrethe Rønholt Christensen, Esben Thyssen Vestergaard, Kurt Kristensen, Astrid Juhl Terkelsen, Páll Karlsson, Wolfgang Singer","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00973-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00973-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify sweat gland nerve fiber density in adolescents with diabetes. Additionally, to investigate associations between sudomotor innervation, sweat responses, and possible risk factors for sudomotor neuropathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study where 60 adolescents with type 1 diabetes (duration > 5 years) and 23 control subjects were included. Clinical data, quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test, and skin biopsies were obtained. Skin tissue was immunostained and imaged by confocal microscopy. Quantification of the sweat gland volume and three-dimensional reconstruction of the nerve fibers was performed using a design-unbiased technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents with diabetes had a significant reduction of maximum and mean values of nerve fiber length and nerve fiber density in sweat glands compared to controls (p values < 0.05). No association between nerve fiber density and sweat responses was found (p = 0.21). In cases with reduced sweat gland nerve fiber length, nerve fiber density, and volume, the sweat response was reduced or absent. Height, systolic blood pressure, time in hypoglycemia, and total daily and basal/total insulin dose were positively correlated to sweat response, while low-density lipoprotein, and HbA1c were negatively correlated with sweat response (p values < 0.05). Other microvascular complications and high cholesterol levels increased the relative risk for reduced sweat gland nerve fiber density.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings of reduced sweat gland innervation in a selected group of adolescents add new knowledge about the structural changes that occur in autonomic nerves due to diabetes. Evaluating both the sweat gland innervation and sweat gland volume was important for understanding the association with sweat responses. Further research is needed to understand its clinical relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"691-703"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10751258/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10186181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Day and night heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings: a systematic review with meta-analysis using a gender lens.","authors":"Beatrice De Maria, Monica Parati, Laura Adelaide Dalla Vecchia, Maria Teresa La Rovere","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00969-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00969-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Increasing evidence demonstrates that gender-related factors, and not only biological sex, are relevant in the physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms of the cardiovascular system, including the cardiac autonomic regulation. Sex and gender may also affect daytime and night-time cardiac autonomic control. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a comparison between healthy women and men on heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings pointing out sex- and gender-related factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was conducted to include studies focusing on both sex and gender differences related to heart rate variability indices in the time and frequency domains. Descriptive data were extracted by two independent reviewers. For each index, standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals were computed and a pooled estimate using a fixed- or random-effects model was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that only seven studies reported some information about gender-related factors. Concerning sex-related differences, women had a shorter mean RR interval and lower variability of the time domain indices than men. Sex-related differences concerning frequency domain indices were more evident during night-time compared to daytime.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The characterization of gender-related factors in the study of heart rate variability using 24-h ECG recordings is still sporadic and underexplored. The meta-analysis results could not conclusively support a significant increase of high frequency power in women, although women showed a reduced total power and low frequency to high frequency ratio. There is a strong need for considering heart rate variability in relation to gender-related variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"821-841"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10751261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10296660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiac ¹⁸F-dopamine positron emission tomography predicts the type of phenoconversion of pure autonomic failure.","authors":"Abhishek Lenka, Risa Isonaka, Courtney Holmes, David S Goldstein","doi":"10.1007/s10286-023-00987-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10286-023-00987-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Pure autonomic failure (PAF) is a rare disease characterized by neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH), no known secondary cause, and lack of a neurodegenerative movement or cognitive disorder. Clinically diagnosed PAF can evolve (\"phenoconvert\") to a central Lewy body disease [LBD, e.g., Parkinson's disease (PD) or dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB)] or to the non-LBD synucleinopathy multiple system atrophy (MSA). Since cardiac ¹⁸F-dopamine-derived radioactivity usually is low in LBDs and usually is normal in MSA, we hypothesized that patients with PAF with low cardiac ¹⁸F-dopamine-derived radioactivity would be more likely to phenoconvert to a central LBD than to MSA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed data from all the patients seen at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center from 1994 to 2023 with a clinical diagnosis of PAF and data about ¹⁸F-dopamine positron emission tomography (PET).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nineteen patients (15 with low ¹⁸F-dopamine-derived radioactivity, 4 with normal radioactivity) met the above criteria and had follow-up data. Nine (47%) phenoconverted to a central synucleinopathy over a mean of 6.6 years (range 1.5-18.8 years). All 6 patients with low cardiac ¹⁸F-dopamine-derived radioactivity who phenoconverted during follow-up developed a central LBD, whereas none of 4 patients with consistently normal ¹⁸F-dopamine PET phenoconverted to a central LBD (p = 0.0048), 3 evolving to probable MSA and 1 upon autopsy having neither a LBD nor MSA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac ¹⁸F-dopamine PET can predict the type of phenoconversion of PAF. This capability could refine eligibility criteria for entry into disease-modification trials aimed at preventing evolution of PAF to symptomatic central LBDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":10168,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Autonomic Research","volume":" ","pages":"737-747"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41232732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}