Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer最新文献

{"title":"Clinical practice guidelines for prognosis and follow-up of early-stage breast cancer patients: Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) practice guidelines (2026 edition) Chinese Society of Breast Surgery, Chinese Society of Surgery, Chinese Medical Association.","authors":"Jia Wang, Dianlong Zhang, Yuting Zhang, Nan Wu, Hao Yu, Yufu Guan, Zhimin Fan, Yinhua Liu, Feng Jin","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-2025-1-64","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-2025-1-64","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Long-term survival in early-stage breast cancer patients has markedly improved, making follow-up an increasingly prolonged phase of care. Accurate prognosis assessment and a scientifically grounded follow-up plan are essential for achieving effective and individualized chronic disease management. This guideline aims to standardize these practices in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Chinese Society of Breast Surgery (CSBrS) convened a panel of experts. Clinical evidence was assessed according to a modified GRADE system. Recommendations were developed by integrating evidence quality with practical feasibility in the Chinese healthcare setting. A consensus voting committee of 33 breast surgeons graded the recommendation strength (Level A: ≥90% agreement; Level B: 80-89% agreement).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This guideline centers on two core components: prognosis and follow-up. A comprehensive prognosis integrates four domains: patients' general health, including age, genetic risk, reproductive history, and past medical history; tumor staging and histopathological characteristics; molecular features like subtype, Ki-67, <i>BRCA</i> mutations, and multigene assay results; and treatment factors, notably surgical margin status and adjuvant regimens. Follow-up recommendations visit frequency started with every 3-6 months, then 6-12 months, transitioning to annual lifelong checks, with adjustments based on risk. Evaluations should cover general examination, tumor-related examinations, special examinations, assessment of psychosocial well-being and treatment-related complications. Implementing a structured single-disease database is also advised to support continued care and research.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This guideline provides evidence-based, consensus-driven recommendations for the prognostic evaluation and follow-up of early-stage breast cancer patients in China. Adopting this guideline within a multidisciplinary, patient-centered framework is vital for enhancing long-term survival and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic resonance imaging in breast cancer management: current applications, limitations, and future directions.","authors":"Daniel C Sasson, Arielle L Sasson, Donna A Eckstein, Laurie R Margolies","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-36","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a cornerstone of breast cancer management, demonstrating superior sensitivity compared to mammography and ultrasound, particularly for high-risk screening and the evaluation of dense breast tissue. Beyond detection, MRI provides critical physiologic and anatomical assessment essential for accurate staging, visualizing invasive lobular carcinoma, and identifying multifocal or multicentric disease. It also plays a vital role in monitoring therapeutic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy by distinguishing between concentric tumor shrinkage and fragmentation, a distinction that directly influences surgical eligibility. Despite these diagnostic advantages, the indications for preoperative MRI remain controversial. This review examines the tension between MRI's utility in surgical planning-specifically its association with reduced positive margins and lower re-excision rates-and concerns regarding overdiagnosis, increased mastectomy rates, and false-positive findings. Logistical barriers to widespread adoption, including cost-effectiveness, gadolinium concerns, and the need for standardized interpretation protocols, are also discussed. Finally, the article highlights transformative advancements designed to address these limitations. Technologies such as abbreviated (AB-MRI) and ultrafast acquisition protocols promise to maximize patient throughput and capture essential kinetic data, while diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and artificial intelligence (AI) aim to enhance diagnostic specificity and workflow efficiency. The review also considers contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) as a growing alternative for patients unable to undergo MRI. As evidence evolves, the integration of these technologies points toward a future of precision medicine, where breast imaging is rigorously tailored to individual patient risk and biological profiles.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of breast cancer on cosmetic breast augmentation outcomes and screening challenges in patients with implants: a literature review.","authors":"Denis Souto Valente, Felipe Jorge Marques Carvalho da Costa, Bruno Henrique Volkmann, Vinícius Kayser, Gabriel Mesquita, Maria Eduarda Corrêa Pereira, Fabricio Silveira da Costa, Rafael Miranda de Andrade, Pedro Bins Ely","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-22","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Breast augmentation remains one of the most common aesthetic surgical procedures worldwide, offering significant psychological benefits. However, the presence of breast implants introduces unique challenges in oncologic safety, particularly in cancer screening, diagnosis, and long-term surveillance. This literature review evaluates the impact of breast implants on breast cancer detection, prognosis, and the evolving management of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL), alongside recent developments in postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) and implant-based reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted in March 2025 across PubMed, Cochrane Library, and SciELO. Studies in English or Portuguese addressing breast cancer screening, outcomes, or BIA-ALCL in patients with breast implants were included. Data were charted on study design, implant type, imaging strategy, cancer outcomes, and BIA-ALCL diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Of 447 initial records, 62 met inclusion criteria. Evidence confirms that breast implants do not increase breast cancer incidence or worsen prognosis. However, implants-especially subglandular-impair mammographic sensitivity, potentially delaying diagnosis. The Eklund technique, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound significantly enhance screening efficacy but remain underutilized. BIA-ALCL, an uncommon malignancy linked to textured implants, demands heightened clinical awareness, standardized surveillance, and prompt en bloc capsulectomy when indicated. Innovations in reconstructive protocols now allow safe use of implants in irradiated patients through approaches such as delayed-immediate reconstruction and lipofilling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although breast implants do not elevate cancer risk, they complicate screening and may delay detection. Optimized imaging protocols and patient-specific screening strategies are essential. BIA-ALCL underscores the importance of informed consent and long-term monitoring. Advances in PMRT compatibility with implants are improving reconstructive outcomes. Multidisciplinary care, patient education, and global standardization are key to improving oncologic safety in augmented populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiotherapeutic management of brain metastases in patients with breast cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Bing Sun, Jinbo Yue","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-39","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>The incidence of brain metastasis (BM) has increased alongside improved survival among breast cancer patients. Brain metastasis in breast cancer (BCBM) patients pose a significant challenge due to the complexity and heterogeneity of the disease. This review summarizes the evidence and advances in radiotherapeutic management of BCBM and provides subtype-specific practice recommendations as a consensus from the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology-Breast Cancer (CSCO-BC) committee.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, Scopus, and Google Scholar) from January 2009 to November 2025, focusing on the role of local treatment (primarily surgery and radiotherapy) for BCBM.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Current treatments for BCBM include surgery, radiotherapy, systemic therapy, and combination treatments to maximize the control of BM. Radiotherapy plays a crucial role in the management of BCBM, either as a standalone treatment or in combination with systemic therapy. Postoperative stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (FSRT) has been demonstrated to improve prognosis and possibly reduce radiation necrosis when compared with surgery or stereotactic radiation alone. Meanwhile, the literature indicates the promising value of preoperative SRS/FSRT with minimal toxicity profile. SRS/FSRT has sufficient evidence of efficacy supporting its use in selected patients with oligometastatic or multiple BM. For large lesions, FSRT and staged SRS (SSRS) represent viable alternative treatment options, offering effective tumor control and reduced risk of radiation-related complications for patients who are not eligible for surgery. The optimal timing of radiotherapy, particularly for human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2)-positive or HER2-low expression disease, remains a topic of interest and under investigation. We propose a dedicated management algorithm for HER2-positive BCBM and address the specific considerations of this subtype. Treatment decision should involve discussions among a multidisciplinary team and patients, carefully weighing the risks and benefits of each treatment option to strive for prolonging survival while maintaining quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This review highlights the importance of radiotherapy in the management of BCBM and provides evidence-based recommendations. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment protocols and investigating the optimal timing of radiotherapy across different subtypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187548/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and safety of metronomic vinorelbine combined with anlotinib in HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: a prospective, single-arm clinical study.","authors":"Xinli Wang, Ting Yang, Junmei Zhang, Jin Yang, Ruizhi Gong, Shusong Liu, Yan Xue","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-48","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-48","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In the era of chronic cancer management, second-line treatment for HER2-negative (HER2-) advanced breast cancer demands convenient and safe therapeutic options. Vinorelbine tartrate soft capsules are an oral chemotherapeutic agent, and anlotinib is an oral multi-target anti-angiogenic drug. The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and safety of metronomic vinorelbine combined with anlotinib in HER2- advanced breast cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a prospective, single-arm, single center clinical study. Women with metastatic HER- breast cancer who had received one prior line of endocrine ± targeted therapy or chemotherapy ± immunotherapy were enrolled. Treatment consisted of vinorelbine tartrate soft capsules 30-50 mg orally three times weekly (every other day) plus anlotinib 12 mg once daily on days 1-14 of each 21-day cycle. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS); secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight patients were enrolled. ORR was 63.8% and DCR 89.7%. Median PFS (mPFS) was 7.0 months [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.4-7.8]. Subgroup analyses showed that patients with prior PFS ≥6 months or Ki-67 ≤20% derived greater benefit: mPFS 7.5 <i>vs.</i> 6.0 months [hazard ratio (HR) 0.38, 95% CI: 0.16-0.91, P=0.03] and 8.5 <i>vs.</i> 6.7 months (HR 0.29, 95% CI: 0.10-0.82, P=0.02), respectively. All other subgroups demonstrated consistent PFS benefit. Any-grade AEs occurred in 56.9% of patients. Myelosuppression (mainly neutropenia and anemia; thrombocytopenia was uncommon) and gastrointestinal toxicities (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea-mostly grade 1-2) were most frequent. Treatment interruption, modification, or discontinuation due to treatment-related AEs was uncommon (12.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Metronomic vinorelbine plus anlotinib shows favorable efficacy in HER2- advanced breast cancer without increasing the risk of AEs.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can neoadjuvant chemotherapy be replaced with immune checkpoint blockade combined with dual anti-HER2 antibodies for HER2-enriched breast cancer?","authors":"Harry D Bear","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-57","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-57","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extent of resection in breast conserving surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a literature review.","authors":"Rey Benjamin Ick Joson, Tessa Ying Zhen Tan, Geok Hoon Lim","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-40","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-40","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) could cause tumor shrinkage and result in a higher rate of breast conservation. However, the extent of resection in breast conserving surgery (BCS) following NACT remained unclear. We conducted a literature review to determine the extent of resection in BCS after NACT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A PubMed search was conducted for relevant articles from 1^st January 2000 to 15^th October 2024. Studies which included breast cancer patients who had undergone NACT and BCS were reviewed. We included studies which specifically specify the extent of resection and reported re-excision rates and/or oncological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Six studies (171 patients) and 11 studies (2,276 patients) with original and residual tumor resection respectively were reviewed. The average re-excision rates were 6.3% (range, 0-10.3%) and 9.6% (range, 0-19.2%) respectively. Average local recurrence rates were 10.9% (range, 7.7-14%) and 3.5% (range, 0.65-7.6%) after a follow-up of 44 (range, 36-51.9) and 49.8 (range, 19-86.4) months in patients with original and residual tumor resection respectively. Comparing patients with resection of residual tumor with various groups of patients who had undergone upfront surgery or mastectomy or resection of the original tumor bed, the studies did not demonstrate a statistically significant difference in terms of margin status and oncological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Limited and heterogenous data exist on the extent of resection in BCS after NACT. No statistically significant difference was demonstrated by the studies in terms of re-excision rates and oncological outcomes between the two groups. These findings require validation in larger well-designed studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13187563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147990375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutics and toxicity management of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive metastatic breast cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Hitomi Sakai, Junji Tsurutani","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-29","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Development of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapy has dramatically changed the prognosis of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), which is intrinsically aggressive. The objective of this review is to summarize the current treatment options and supportive care strategies for patients with HER2-positive MBC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review discusses the available evidence for the systemic treatment of HER2 positive MBC, management of central nervous system (CNS) metastases, and supportive care for patients receiving anti-HER2 therapy.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Trastuzumab and pertuzumab combined with taxane has been the standard first-line treatment, supported by the CLEOPATRA trial. Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) has shown superior efficacy compared to trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) and is currently the preferred second-line treatment. The DESTINY-Breast09 study has suggested that T-DXd plus pertuzumab may outperform the current first-line regimens. Tucatinib could improve the survival of patients with brain metastases and may be a key option for later lines. Brain metastases remain a major challenge, affecting up to 50% of the patients. T-DXd has demonstrated intracranial efficacy in both clinical trials and real-world studies, including studies involving patients with leptomeningeal diseases. Supportive care for patients with cardiac toxicity, nausea, vomiting, and interstitial lung disease (ILD) is essential. The development of anti-HER2 therapies, including T-DXd, has dramatically transformed the treatment landscape for HER2-positive MBC. However, treatment options after T-DXd progression and long-term management of side effects remain ongoing challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>T-DXd has redefined the standard of care for HER2-positive MBC, potentially improving outcomes even with CNS metastases. However, post-T-DXd strategies and management of long-term toxicities remain key challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13458070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148714996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarkers of primary and secondary resistance to cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 inhibitors in metastatic estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer: a narrative review.","authors":"Athina Stravodimou, Ioannis A Voutsadakis","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-25-17","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-25-17","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Cyclin dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors are a class of drugs that are used in the first-line therapy of metastatic estrogen receptor (ER) positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative breast cancer and in the adjuvant therapy of the same cancers. Three drugs of the class, abemaciclib, palbociclib and ribociclib, are currently approved in partially overlapping indications. This review discusses biomarkers for prediction of efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in breast cancer therapy and the potential for overcoming arising resistance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was performed using the PubMed/Medline database and the proceedings of relevant congresses. Search was concluded on March 31, 2025.</p><p><strong>Key content and findings: </strong>Combinations of CDK4/6 inhibitors with hormonal agents have improved survival outcomes of metastatic ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer patients, but resistance develops almost invariably. In addition, a minority of patients display primary resistance to the combinations. Significant efforts have been committed in determining the mechanisms of resistance with a view to both predicting which patients will become refractory to treatment and to developing new treatments and combinations to circumvent resistance. Alterations in the targeted protein node comprising CDK4/6, cyclin D and retinoblastoma, as well as alterations in upstream pathways that regulate the node and downstream effectors of transcription factor E2F, that execute the cell cycle regulation, have been affirmed as culprits in resistance development. A prominent downstream target of E2F that is repeatedly discussed in several studies is cyclin E.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Key resistance mechanisms interfering with CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy have been identified but are not yet used clinically. Diverse resistance mechanisms observed in individual cases would require individualized approaches to re-sensitize cancer cells and patients to cell cycle inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12885785/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese expert consensus on endocrine therapy for breast cancer (2026 edition).","authors":"Yang Yuan, Yongmei Yin, Shu Wang, Yueping Liu, Jin Yang, Min Yan, Xueli Mo, Yueyin Pan, Xiaojia Wang, Haibo Wang, Jianbin Li, Shusen Wang, Jiong Wu, Erwei Song, Zefei Jiang","doi":"10.21037/tbcr-2025-1-71","DOIUrl":"10.21037/tbcr-2025-1-71","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endocrine therapy (ET) is the primary treatment for hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. Based on the 2023 expert consensus, the Chinese Consensus Group on Breast Cancer Endocrine Therapy updated this consensus by integrating clinical research data and practical experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>(I) Establishment of expert group: the expert group consists of experts from departments such as medical oncology, breast surgery, and pathology. (II) Literature search: mainly conducted in English databases (such as PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) with a search cutoff date of Sep 30^th 2025. (III) Assessment of evidence quality and recommendation strength: evidence quality and recommendation opinions are graded based on the evidence category and recommendation level of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 2026 consensus updated clinical research data on ET for both early and advanced breast cancer, defined the eligible population for neoadjuvant ET, and clarified the application of adjuvant cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) therapy in moderate and high-risk patients. For advanced breast cancer, the consensus optimized the treatment strategy of first-line ET plus CDK4/6i, and recommended preferred post-CDK4/6i regimens for patients with distinct clinic-pathological characteristics. It also provides clear recommendations on the indication, optimal timing, and methodology of genetic testing.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This consensus may provide clinical guidance for the standardized application of ET, thereby facilitating precise and individualized treatment for HR-positive breast cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":101427,"journal":{"name":"Translational breast cancer research : a journal focusing on translational research in breast cancer","volume":"7 ","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12885778/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}