{"title":"How much additional global warming should we expect from past CO2 emissions?","authors":"H. Damon Matthews","doi":"10.3389/fsci.2023.1327653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsci.2023.1327653","url":null,"abstract":"H. Damon Matthews 1* 1 Department of Geography, Planning and Environment, Concordia University, Canada","PeriodicalId":101325,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in science","volume":"7 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sofia Palazzo Corner, Martin Siegert, Paulo Ceppi, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Thomas L. Frölicher, Angela Gallego-Sala, Joanna Haigh, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Chris D. Jones, Reto Knutti, Charles D. Koven, Andrew H. MacDougall, Malte Meinshausen, Zebedee Nicholls, Jean Baptiste Sallée, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Roland Séférian, Merritt Turetsky, Richard G. Williams, Sönke Zaehle, Joeri Rogelj
{"title":"The Zero Emissions Commitment and climate stabilization","authors":"Sofia Palazzo Corner, Martin Siegert, Paulo Ceppi, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Thomas L. Frölicher, Angela Gallego-Sala, Joanna Haigh, Gabriele C. Hegerl, Chris D. Jones, Reto Knutti, Charles D. Koven, Andrew H. MacDougall, Malte Meinshausen, Zebedee Nicholls, Jean Baptiste Sallée, Benjamin M. Sanderson, Roland Séférian, Merritt Turetsky, Richard G. Williams, Sönke Zaehle, Joeri Rogelj","doi":"10.3389/fsci.2023.1170744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsci.2023.1170744","url":null,"abstract":"How do we halt global warming? Reaching net zero carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions is understood to be a key milestone on the path to a safer planet. But how confident are we that when we stop carbon emissions, we also stop global warming? The Zero Emissions Commitment (ZEC) quantifies how much warming or cooling we can expect following a complete cessation of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. To date, the best estimate by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Sixth Assessment Report is zero change, though with substantial uncertainty. In this article, we present an overview of the changes expected in major Earth system processes after net zero and their potential impact on global surface temperature, providing an outlook toward building a more confident assessment of ZEC in the decades to come. We propose a structure to guide research into ZEC and associated changes in the climate, separating the impacts expected over decades, centuries, and millennia. As we look ahead at the century billed to mark the end of net anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, we ask: what is the prospect of a stable climate in a post-net zero world?","PeriodicalId":101325,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in science","volume":"38 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134992084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Warming ends when carbon pollution stops","authors":"Michael E. Mann","doi":"10.3389/fsci.2023.1256273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fsci.2023.1256273","url":null,"abstract":"Michael E. Mann 1* 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania, United States","PeriodicalId":101325,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in science","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Frontiers in sciencePub Date : 2023-01-01Epub Date: 2023-02-28DOI: 10.3389/fsci.2023.997136
B Natterson-Horowitz, Athena Aktipis, Molly Fox, Peter D Gluckman, Felicia M Low, Ruth Mace, Andrew Read, Paul E Turner, Daniel T Blumstein
{"title":"The future of evolutionary medicine: sparking innovation in biomedicine and public health.","authors":"B Natterson-Horowitz, Athena Aktipis, Molly Fox, Peter D Gluckman, Felicia M Low, Ruth Mace, Andrew Read, Paul E Turner, Daniel T Blumstein","doi":"10.3389/fsci.2023.997136","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fsci.2023.997136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evolutionary medicine - i.e. the application of insights from evolution and ecology to biomedicine - has tremendous untapped potential to spark transformational innovation in biomedical research, clinical care and public health. Fundamentally, a systematic mapping across the full diversity of life is required to identify animal model systems for disease vulnerability, resistance, and counter-resistance that could lead to novel clinical treatments. Evolutionary dynamics should guide novel therapeutic approaches that target the development of treatment resistance in cancers (e.g., <i>via</i> adaptive or extinction therapy) and antimicrobial resistance (e.g., <i>via</i> innovations in chemistry, antimicrobial usage, and phage therapy). With respect to public health, the insight that many modern human pathologies (e.g., obesity) result from mismatches between the ecologies in which we evolved and our modern environments has important implications for disease prevention. Life-history evolution can also shed important light on patterns of disease burden, for example in reproductive health. Experience during the COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has underlined the critical role of evolutionary dynamics (e.g., with respect to virulence and transmissibility) in predicting and managing this and future pandemics, and in using evolutionary principles to understand and address aspects of human behavior that impede biomedical innovation and public health (e.g., unhealthy behaviors and vaccine hesitancy). In conclusion, greater interdisciplinary collaboration is vital to systematically leverage the insight-generating power of evolutionary medicine to better understand, prevent, and treat existing and emerging threats to human, animal, and planetary health.</p>","PeriodicalId":101325,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in science","volume":"1 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10590274/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49695851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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