{"title":"A ribonucleopeptide world at the origin of life","authors":"Nizar Y. Saad","doi":"10.1111/jse.12287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12287","url":null,"abstract":"The structural flexibility of RNA and its ability to store genetic information has led scientists to postulate that RNA could be the key molecule for the development of life on Earth, further leading to formulate the RNA world hypothesis that received a lot of success and acceptance after the discoveries of the last thirty‐five years. Despite its highly structural and functional significance, the difficulty in synthesizing the four nucleobases that form the RNA polymer from the same primordial soup, its low stability, and limited catalytic repertoire, make the RNA world hypothesis less convincing even though it remains the best explanation for the origin of life. An increasing number of scientists are becoming more supportive of a more realistic approach explaining the appearance of life. In this review, I propose an enhanced explanation for the appearance of life supported by recent discoveries and theories. Accordingly, amino acids and peptides associated with RNA (e.g., ribonucleopeptides) might have existed at the onset of RNA and might have played an important role in the continuous development of self‐sustaining biological systems. Therefore, in this review, I cover the most recent and relevant scientific investigations that propose a better understanding of the ribonucleopeptide world hypothesis and the appearance of life. Finally, I propose two hypotheses for a primitive translation machinery (PTM) that might have been formed of either a T box ribozyme or a ribopolymerase.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76776744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reinerantha foliicola, a new genus and species of Lejeuneaceae subtribe Cololejeuneinae (Marchantiophyta) from Ecuador","authors":"S. Gradstein, R. Zhu, L. Shu, Álvaro J. Pérez","doi":"10.1111/jse.12293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12293","url":null,"abstract":"Cololejeuneinae is the largest subtribe of the liverwort family Lejeuneaceae and the crown group of the family. The species often grow on the surfaces of living leaves and twigs or in swiftly running waters and many of them possess neotenic gametophytes, considered an adaptation to these extreme habitats. We describe a new, epiphyllous genus and species in Cololejeuneinae from the Western Cordillera of Ecuador, Reinerantha foliicola Gradst. & R.L.Zhu. Analysis of combined molecular datasets with parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods revealed Reinerantha in a sister relationship to the large pantropical genus Diplasiolejeunea. Reinerantha differs from Diplasiolejeunea in leaf segmentation, epidermal wall thickening, stylus, male bracts and perianth keels, and is morphologically more similar to the genus Tuyamaella. In the molecular analysis, however, Reinerantha and Tuyamaella were resolved in different clades and not closely related. Tuyamaella is shown to be restricted to Asia; the report of Tuyamaella from South America (Peru) was erroneous and a case of mislabeling.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90846600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential diversifications of South American and Eastern Asian disjunct genera Bocconia and Macleaya (Papaveraceae)","authors":"Jianhua Li, K. G. Murray, Pan Li, Kenneth Brown","doi":"10.1111/jse.12286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12286","url":null,"abstract":"Bocconia (10 species) and Macleaya (2 species) are two disjunct genera between South America and eastern Asia (EAS) in the Papaveraceae offering an opportunity to compare its biogeographic history with that of the well‐known disjunction between EAS and eastern North American (ENA). Our phylogenetic analyses of the chloroplast matK and rbcL gene sequences of Ranunculales including two species of Macleaya and six species of Bocconia supported the monophyly of Bocconia, Macleaya, and Chelidonioideae to which Bocconia and Macleaya belong. Nucleotide sequences of matK, rbcL, and nrDNA ITS supported the sister relationship of Bocconia and Macleaya. Biogeographic analyses of Chelidonioideae using S‐DIVA (statistical dispersal vicariance analysis) and DEC (dispersal extinction cladogenesis) methods inferred Eurasia as the most likely ancestral area of Bocconia and Macleaya and suggested no extinction events in either Bocconia or Macleaya. This agrees with the “Out‐of‐Asia” pattern of the EAS‐ENA disjunction. Molecular dating of Ranunculales with fossil‐based calibrations showed that Bocconia and Macleaya diverged in the late Eocene and early Oligocene, which is much earlier than most EAS‐ENA disjunct taxa. The disjunction may have formed via long distance dispersal or boreotropical connections via the North Atlantic and Bering land bridges. Both Bocconia and Macleaya diversified in the late mid‐Miocene, but Bocconia has apparently experienced a greater diversification probably aided by the evolution of the bird dispersal syndrome in fruit and seed after migration to South America. The greater diversification of Bocconia is also evidenced by the diverse leaf morphology and growth habit in response to colonization in various local habitats in South America.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77569376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chi‐Toan Le, Bing Liu, R. Barrett, Limin Lu, J. Wen, Zhiduan Chen
{"title":"Phylogeny and a new tribal classification of Opiliaceae (Santalales) based on molecular and morphological evidence","authors":"Chi‐Toan Le, Bing Liu, R. Barrett, Limin Lu, J. Wen, Zhiduan Chen","doi":"10.1111/jse.12295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12295","url":null,"abstract":"Opiliaceae are a pantropical family of the Santalales mainly distributed in the Old World with only one genus in the neotropics. Opiliaceae have remained taxonomically unresolved and the generic relationships within the family have been disputed. Here we present molecular phylogenetic analyses of the family and its close relatives using a combined dataset of the nuclear ribosomal (small subunit rDNA and large subunit rDNA) and the chloroplast rbcL, matK, and trnL‐F regions. We also carried out a morphological phylogenetic analysis using 24 characters for all the species of Opiliaceae and three species in Santalaceae s.l. and Strombosiaceae as outgroups. Molecular analyses strongly supported the monophyly of Opiliaceae. Agonandra Miers ex Benth. & Hook. f. is sister to all the other genera of Opiliaceae. The remaining genera form two major clades: the Opilia clade (including Cansjera Juss., Lepionurus Blume, Opilia Roxb., Pentarhopalopilia (Engl.) Hiepko, Rhopalopilia Pierre, and Urobotrya Stapf.), and the other consisting of Anthobolus plus the Champereia clade (including Champereia Griff., Melientha Pierre, and Yunnanopilia C. Y. Wu & D. Z. Li). We propose a new classification of Opiliaceae, recognizing 12 genera and four tribes, with the description of a new tribe, Champereieae Bing Liu, C. T. Le, L. M. Lu & Z. D. Chen.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86340164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Korotkova, G. Parolly, A. Khachatryan, L. Ghulikyan, Harutyun Sargsyan, J. Akopian, T. Borsch, Michael Gruenstaeudl
{"title":"Towards resolving the evolutionary history of Caucasian pears (Pyrus, Rosaceae)—Phylogenetic relationships, divergence times and leaf trait evolution","authors":"N. Korotkova, G. Parolly, A. Khachatryan, L. Ghulikyan, Harutyun Sargsyan, J. Akopian, T. Borsch, Michael Gruenstaeudl","doi":"10.1111/jse.12276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12276","url":null,"abstract":"With approximately 25 endemic species, the genus Pyrus (pears) is highly diverse in the Caucasus ecoregion. The majority of Caucasian pears inhabit xerophytic open woodlands or similar habitats, to which they display morphological adaptations, such as narrow leaves. The other species, both Caucasian and non‐Caucasian taxa, mainly inhabit mesophytic forests and display broad leaves. Using a representative taxon sampling of Pyrus from the Caucasus, Europe and Asia, we reconstruct phylogenetic relationships in the genus based on multiple plastid regions. We also estimate the divergence times of major clades in Pyrus, reconstruct the evolution of leaf shapes, and discuss the emergence of xeromorphic leaf traits. Our results confirm the monophyly of Pyrus and the existence of two major clades: (a) an E Asian clade with a crown group age of 15.7 (24.02–8.37 95% HPD) My, and (b) a W Eurasian clade that comprises species from Europe, SW Asia and the Caucasus and that displays a slightly younger crown group of 12.38 (19.02–6.41 95% HPD) My. The existing infrageneric classification of Pyrus was found partially incongruent with the inferred phylogenetic trees. Several currently accepted species were not recovered as monophyletic, indicating that current species limits require re‐evaluation. Ancestral character state reconstructions revealed several independent transitions from broad‐ to narrow‐shaped leaves in Pyrus, probably via intermediate‐shaped leaves.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79835085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qian Lan, Jianfeng Liu, S. Shi, Nan Deng, Zeping Jiang, E. Chang
{"title":"Anatomy, microstructure, and endogenous hormone changes in Gnetum parvifolium during anthesis","authors":"Qian Lan, Jianfeng Liu, S. Shi, Nan Deng, Zeping Jiang, E. Chang","doi":"10.1111/jse.12263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12263","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the sexual systems of plants is very important for understanding their evolutionary process. Gnetum is a pivotal species in comprehending the seed plant phylogeny. However, the sexual systems of this genus are not fully understood. To investigate the sexual system of Gnetum, the anatomical structure, microstructure, and endogenous hormones were investigated from the differentiation of flower buds to fertilization in the floral organs of female and male of G. parvifolium (Warb.) C.Y. Cheng, widely distributed in the north of China. After 2 years of field investigations, the staminate strobili were observed on female plants for the first time and the abortive ovules were also found on male plants. In addition, high levels of gibberellin A3 and zeatin riboside led to masculinization, whereas a high level of indole‐3‐acetic acid favored feminization. A comprehensive analysis of the results indicates that G. parvifolium may not be completely dioecious on morphology, but female and male plants can only perform their own gender function, which would provide a better understanding of the diversity of sexual systems in Gnetum, and reproductive structures of seed plants.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73370138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiduan Chen, Tuo Yang, Li Lin, Limin Lu, Hong‐Lei Li, Miao-miao Sun, Bing Liu, Min Chen, Yan‐Ting Niu, Jianfei Ye, Z. Cao, Hongmei Liu, Xiao-Ming Wang, Wei Wang, Jing-Bo Zhang, Zhensi Meng, Wei Cao, Jian-hui Li, Shengdan Wu, Huizhi Zhao, Zhongjian Liu, Zhi‐Yuan Du, Qingfu Wang, Jing Guo, Xin‐Xin Tan, Junyan Su, Linjing Zhang, Leilei Yang, Yi-Ying Liao, Ming-He Li, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Shih‐Wen Chung, Jian Zhang, Kun-Li Xiang, Rui‐Qi Li, D. Soltis, P. Soltis, Shiliang Zhou, Jin-Hua Ran, Xiao-Quan Wang, Xiaohua Jin, Youhua Chen, TIAN-GANG Gao, Jianhua Li, Shou-Zhou Zhang, An‐ming Lu
{"title":"Tree of life for the genera of Chinese vascular plants","authors":"Zhiduan Chen, Tuo Yang, Li Lin, Limin Lu, Hong‐Lei Li, Miao-miao Sun, Bing Liu, Min Chen, Yan‐Ting Niu, Jianfei Ye, Z. Cao, Hongmei Liu, Xiao-Ming Wang, Wei Wang, Jing-Bo Zhang, Zhensi Meng, Wei Cao, Jian-hui Li, Shengdan Wu, Huizhi Zhao, Zhongjian Liu, Zhi‐Yuan Du, Qingfu Wang, Jing Guo, Xin‐Xin Tan, Junyan Su, Linjing Zhang, Leilei Yang, Yi-Ying Liao, Ming-He Li, Guo-Qiang Zhang, Shih‐Wen Chung, Jian Zhang, Kun-Li Xiang, Rui‐Qi Li, D. Soltis, P. Soltis, Shiliang Zhou, Jin-Hua Ran, Xiao-Quan Wang, Xiaohua Jin, Youhua Chen, TIAN-GANG Gao, Jianhua Li, Shou-Zhou Zhang, An‐ming Lu","doi":"10.1111/jse.12219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12219","url":null,"abstract":"We reconstructed a phylogenetic tree of Chinese vascular plants (Tracheophyta) using sequences of the chloroplast genes atpB, matK, ndhF, and rbcL and mitochondrial matR. We produced a matrix comprising 6098 species and including 13 695 DNA sequences, of which 1803 were newly generated. Our taxonomic sampling spanned 3114 genera representing 323 families of Chinese vascular plants, covering more than 93% of all genera known from China. The comprehensive large phylogeny supports most relationships among and within families recognized by recent molecular phylogenetic studies for lycophytes, ferns (monilophytes), gymnosperms, and angiosperms. For angiosperms, most families in Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV are supported as monophyletic, except for a paraphyletic Dipterocarpaceae and Santalaceae. The infrafamilial relationships of several large families and monophyly of some large genera are well supported by our dense taxonomic sampling. Our results showed that two species of Eberhardtia are sister to a clade formed by all other taxa of Sapotaceae, except Sarcosperma. We have made our phylogeny of Chinese vascular plants publically available for the creation of subtrees via SoTree (http://www.darwintree.cn/flora/index.shtml), an automated phylogeny assembly tool for ecologists.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76609982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phylogeny and diversification of Chinese Araliaceae based on nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data","authors":"Rongzhi Li, J. Wen","doi":"10.1111/jse.12196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12196","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese Araliaceae consist of 20 genera and ca. 175 species. To assess the evolutionary relationships of Araliaceae and their biogeographic diversification in China, the phylogeny of Chinese Araliaceae was constructed by sampling 96 accessions representing 20 genera and 50 species of Chinese Araliaceae and 45 closely related taxa using sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and six plastid regions (the ndhF gene, the trnL‐trnF region, the rps16 intron, the atpB‐rbcL intergenic spacer, the rpl16 intron, and the psbA‐trnH intergenic spacer). Phylogenetic analyses of the combined plastid and ITS data supported the results of the previously studies that the Chinese members of Araliaceae were scattered within the Asian Palmate group and the Aralia‐Panax group with Osmoxylon at the base of core Araliaceae. The generic status of Pentapanax and Tupidanthus is not supported. Our analysis clearly places them in Aralia and Asian Schefflera, respectively. In a broader phylogenetic framework of Araliaceae, based on the fossil‐calibrated Bayesian dating, Chinese Araliaceae was inferred to have originated in Asia and underwent a rapid radiation in its evolutionary history. Its diversification is hypothesized to have been driven largely by the orogenies in Asia during the Cenozoic. In China, the distribution pattern of the phylogenetic diversity of Araliaceae corresponds with its taxonomic diversity across the entire region.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80859508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ming-He Li, Guo-Qiang Zhang, S. Lan, Zhongjian Liu
{"title":"A molecular phylogeny of Chinese orchids","authors":"Ming-He Li, Guo-Qiang Zhang, S. Lan, Zhongjian Liu","doi":"10.1111/jse.12187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12187","url":null,"abstract":"We estimated the molecular phylogenetic relationships of the Chinese members of the family Orchidaceae. Within the Tree of Life for the Genera of Chinese Vascular Plants using atpB, rbcL, matK, ndhF, and matR, the currently delimited subfamilies, tribes, and subtribes are highly supported as monophyletic except for the perplexing Epidendroideae. Five genes (rbcL, matK, psaB, ycf1, and Xdh), which are more universally used in Orchidaceae, were further analyzed to reconstruct the phylogeny of Epidendroideae. The reconstructed trees were in strong agreement and showed significant support for the tribal and subtribal clades. Based on the highly supported circumscription and arrangement of the suprageneric levels in the Tree of Life and reconstructed trees, we have proposed a new phylogenetic classification of Chinese Orchidaceae that includes five subfamilies, 17 tribes, and 21 subtribes.","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81457834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leilei Yang, Hong‐Lei Li, Lei Wei, Tuo Yang, Dai-Yong Kuang, Minghong Li, Yi-Ying Liao, Zhiduan Chen, Hong Wu, Shouzhou Zhang
{"title":"A supermatrix approach provides a comprehensive genus‐level phylogeny for Gentianales","authors":"Leilei Yang, Hong‐Lei Li, Lei Wei, Tuo Yang, Dai-Yong Kuang, Minghong Li, Yi-Ying Liao, Zhiduan Chen, Hong Wu, Shouzhou Zhang","doi":"10.1111/jse.12192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jse.12192","url":null,"abstract":"Gentianales consist of Apocynaceae, Gelsemiaceae, Gentianaceae, Loganiaceae, and Rubiaceae, of which the majority are woody plants in tropical and subtropical areas. Despite extensive efforts in reconstructing the phylogeny of Gentianales based on molecular data, some interfamily and intrafamily relationships remain uncertain. We reconstructed the genus‐level phylogeny of Gentianales based on the supermatrix of eight plastid markers (rbcL, matK, atpB, ndhF, rpl16, rps16, the trnL‐trnF region, and atpB‐rbcL spacer) and one mitochondrial gene (matR) using maximum likelihood. The major clades and their relationships retrieved in the present study concur with those of previous studies. All of the five families of Gentianales are monophyletic with strong support. We resolved Rubiaceae as sister to the remaining families in Gentianales and showed support for the sister relationship between Loganiaceae and Apocynaceae. Our results provide new insights into relationships among intrafamilial clades. For example, within Rubiaceae we found that Craterispermeae were sister to Morindeae + (Palicoureeae + Psychotrieae) and that Theligoneae were sister to Putorieae. Within Gentianaceae, our phylogeny revealed that Gentianeae were sister to Helieae and Potalieae, and subtribe Lisianthiinae were sister to Potaliinae and Faroinae. Within Loganiaceae, we found Neuburgia as sister to Spigelieae. Within Apocynaceae, our results supported Amsonieae as sister to Melodineae, and Hunterieae as sister to a clade comprising Plumerieae + (Carisseae + APSA). We also confirmed the monophyly of Perplocoideae and the relationships among Baisseeae + (Secamonoideae + Asclepiadoideae).","PeriodicalId":101317,"journal":{"name":"JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2016-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79169568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}