中华传染病杂志最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between hepatitis B virus S gene mutations and hepatitis B virus-related acute on chronic liver failure","authors":"Haohui Deng, Min Xu","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2019.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2019.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate and analyze the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) S gene mutations and the occurrence of HBV-related acute on chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 377 patients were enrolled in this study, including 51 inactive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers, 78 chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, 101 HBV-ACLF patients, 69 HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) patients and 78 HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Serum samples were collected from July 2012 to September 2017 in Guangzhou Eighth People′s Hospital. Nested polyoneras chain reaction (PCR) was performed for all the samples, the HBV whole genome and HBV S gene were amplified. PCR products were sequenced by Sanger sequencing method. HBV genotypes were determined by the phylogenetic tree based on HBV S gene constructed by Mega 7.0 software with the neighbor-joining method. Geneious R10.0.5 software was used to analyze the mutations of the HBV genome. The data in different groups were compared by χ2 test or Fisher′s exact test. The correlation analysis was done by logistic regression. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Among the 377 patients enrolled in this study, the HBV-ACLF, CHB, inactive HBsAg carriers, and HCC patients infected with HBV genotype B were 83, 51, 34, 31, and 35 cases respectively, and the patients infected with HBV genotype C were 18, 27, 17, 38, and 43 cases respectively. The results of this study showed that 11 mutations were significantly higher in HBV-ACLF patients than CHB patients who were infected with HBV genotype B, including T216C, G285A and A529G in HBV S gene, A1317G in HBV enchanter I, A1762T/G1764A in basal core promoter (BCP) gene, A1846T, C1913A, G1896A, T2045A, C2078G, C2304A in HBV preC/C gene. However, no significant difference mutations were found in HBV-ACLF patients and CHB patients who were infected with HBV genotype C. In the patients infected with HBV genotype B, the prevalence of T216C (sL21S) mutation in HBV-ACLF was significantly higher than those in inactive HBsAg carriers, CHB and HCC patients (χ2=14.474, 10.982, and 5.440, respectively, all P 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that male (OR=6.90, 95% CI: 1.52-24.39, P=0.010), hepatitis B e antigen negative (OR=4.73, 95% CI: 1.60-13.94, P=0.005), HBV genotype B (OR=4.80, 95% CI: 1.82-12.16, P=0.006) and G285A mutation (OR=7.72, 95% CI: 5.64-16.37, P=0.006) were the independent risk factors associated with HBV-ACLF. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The HBV S gene mutation may be associated with HBV-ACLF. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hepatitis B virus; Mutation; Acute on chronic liver failure","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47259043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characteristic analysis of neuraminidase genes of avian influenza virus H9N2 in environments in Weining, Guizhou Province during 2015-2017","authors":"Y. Wan, Taomei Yang, Dezhu Zhang, G. Tang, Jie Sun, L. Zhuang, L. Fu, Weijia Jiang, Shijun Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2019.01.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2019.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To understand the genetic variations of neuraminidase (NA) genes of avian influenza virus H9N2 in Weining, Guizhou Province, and to provide the scientific evidence for the prevention and control of avian influenza virus. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000Ribonucleic acids (RNA) were extracted and NA genes were amplified and sequenced from 13 randomly selected H9N2 positive samples from the live poultry market (LPM) environments in north of Weining Yi and Hui and Miao autonomous county (Weining), Guizhou Province during 2015 to 2017. Then the homology, genetic evolution, and sites of stalk deletion areas, potential N-glycosylation, receptor binding regions and drug resistance of H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses were analyzed by a series of bioinformation software. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Homology analysis revealed that there were 93.0%-100.0% and 92.1%-100.0% similarity among 13 strains H9N2 avian influenza viruses in nucleotide and amino acid of the NA gene, respectively. All strains belonged to DK/HK/Y280/97 sub-lineage, but their genetic sources were complex and diverse. Thirteen strains had a stalk deletion of 3 amino acid residues TEI at positions 63-65 and 3 isolates had mutation QN to QK at positions 39-40. The potential N-glycosylation sites at amino acid residues 86, 146, 200, and 234 of the NA protein of all strains were highly conserved, while other N-glycosylation sites had quantity and site mutations. There were different mutation types at the three sialic acid binding site areas, especially at 399-404 area. All NA protease activity sites and key sites of the 13 strains had no mutations associated with resistance to the neuraminidase inhibitor drugs. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000All 13 strains H9N2 viruses belongs to DK/HK/Y280/97 sub-lineage in Weining, Guizhou Province during 2015-2017, and their genetic sources are complex and diverse. The mutations on sites of stalk areas, potential N-glycosylation and sialic acid binding site areas are presented at different degrees. Hence, enhancing surveillance and controlling H9N2 avian influenza virus is necessary. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Influenza A virus, H9N2 subtype; Neuraminidase gene; Molecular characteristic","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42508612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between interleukin-22 genetic polymorphisms and the prognosis of hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure","authors":"Su Lin, Qing-hui Zhou, Yehong Lin, Mingfang Wang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.12.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the association between interleukin-22 (IL-22) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the prognosis of hepatitis B virus related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The patients with HBV-ACLF from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were retrospectively studied. Seven SNP genotypes of IL-22 gene, including rs2227478, rs2227491, rs1179251, rs1179249, rs2227473, rs2227484, and rs11611206, were detected using imLDR™ multiple SNP typing kit and the distribution features of SNP genotypes were described. The relationship between the distribution of SNP genotypes and alleles and the prognosis of ACLF was analyzed. Comparison of genotypes and allele frequencies between groups were performed by chi-square test of R×C table or Fisher's exact tests. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to analyze whether IL-22 gene polymorphisms was an independent prognostic factor for patients with ACLF. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000A total of 122 patients with HBV-ACLF were included in this study. Ninety-two (75.1%) were male and 30 (24.59%) were female. Patients were stratified as survival group (90 cases) and non-survival group (32 cases) according to the Results of three months follow-up. The genotype distribution of rs2227484 of IL-22 gene was significantly different between the two groups (χ2=6.128, P=0.033). The A allele frequency in the non-survival group (15.6%) was significantly higher than that in the survival group (5.6%) with statistically significance (OR=0.318, 95% CI=0.126-0.804, P=0.012). There was no significant difference in the other six SNP genotypes of IL-22 gene between the two groups (all P >0.05). However, binary logistic regression showed that rs2227484 of IL-22 gene was not an independent risk factor for the short-term mortality in HBV-ACLF patients (adjusted OR=3.102, 95%CI: 0.939-10.250, P=0.063). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The A allele and AA genotype of rs2227484 of IL-22 gene may be associated with a short-term prognosis in patients with HBV-ACLF. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hepatitis B virus; Polymorphism, genetic; Interleukin-22; Acute-on-chronic liver failure","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47211800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotypic analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains collected from He′nan Province by 24-locus variable-number tandem-repeat typing and spoligotyping","authors":"Jie Shi, D. Zheng, Yankun Zhu, Jun-Hua Zhao, Xiao-guang Ma, Shaohua Wang, Hui Li","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.12.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the genotype of M. tuberculosis in He′nan Province. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A total of 668 M. tuberculosis clinical strains collected in difference regions of He′nan Province during 2015 were genotyped by two standard methods, including classical 24-locus mycobacterium interspersed repetitive unit variable-number tandem-repeat (MIRU-VNTR) typing and spoligotyping. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The 668 isolates were divided into 11 clusters and 35 patterns by spoligotyping. Among the 558 Beijing strains, 546 were typical Beijing strains and the other 12 were atypical Beijing strains. Among the 110 non-Beijing strains, eight were new strains and the remaining 102 non-Beijing strains were divided into 10 families. There were 76 isolates belonging to T family, including 59 of T1 families, 7 of T2 families, and 10 of T3 families. The 668 strains were divided into 550 gene patterns by standard 24-locus VNTR, including 508 un-clustered patterns and 160 clustered into 42 clusters. The largest cluster contained 21 strains, the other clusters contained 2-20 strains. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusion \u0000Beijing strain is still the most prevalent M. tuberculosis in He′nan Province. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Mycobacterium tuberculosis; 24-locus mycobacterium interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat; Spoligotyping","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42926146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid detection and identification of fungi in urine samples by pyrosequencing","authors":"Jiangfeng Lyu, Jing Zhou, C. Pan","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To establish a rapid method for the clinical detection and identification of fungi in clinical urine samples. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000DNA was extracted from clinically collected urine sample, and the fungal ribosomal internal transcribed spacer was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and followed by pyrosequencing. The fungal species were identified by sequence alignment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The identification results were compared between PCR-pyrosequencing and conventional culture method. Among the 1320 urine samples, 180 were detected positive by conventional method with the positive rate of 13.6%, while 192 were positive by the pyrosequencing based method with the positive rate of 14.5%. The overall coincidence rate of the two methods was 99.09%, with the positive coincidence rate of 100% and the negative coincidence rate of 98.95%. The Kappa value was 0.963, suggesting a good consistency. The results of 13 standard strains were consistent with the actual results. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000A rapid culture-free method for the detection of fungi in urine sample has been successfully established. This method is based on PCR-pyrosequencing technology with highly accuracy, sensitivity and reproducibility. It is highly automated, cost effective and with high throughput (96 samples per run). The fungal pathogen in urine is identified by single step test within 3 hours without conventional culture. Thus, it is applicable in the clinical laboratory. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Fungi; DNA, ribosomal; Internal transcribed spacer; Pyrosequencing","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42858045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical retrospective analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection","authors":"Shu-zhen Xu, Si-yu Yang, Chen Chen, S. Weng, Xiaofei Jiang, Hong Liu, S. Chen, Wenhong Zhang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To explore the clinical characteristics, drug resistance and prognosis of Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infection (KP-BSI), and to analyze the risk factors of death and drug resistance. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The clinical data of hospitalized patients with KP-BSI from April 2015 to April 2017 in Huashan Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Continuous variables were compared using t test. Categorical variables were compared using χ2 test or Fisher exact test. The independent risk factors for death were determined by logistic regression model. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000The majority of the 74 patients with KP-BSI were male (67.6%) and elderly patients (78.4%). Nosocomial infection occurred in 58 cases (78.4%) and a total of 24 (32.4%) cases died. The patients were widely distributed in various departments of the hospital. The first was the Department of Infectious Diseases (29.7%), followed by the intensive care unit (23.0%). The patients were often complicated with various underlying diseases and the most common was pulmonary infection (56.8%). There were 45 (60.8%) multiple drug resistance (MDR) strains and 29 (39.2%) Carbapenems resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains. There were significant differences of nosocomial infections (χ2=4.655, P=0.031), deep venous catheters (χ2=5.432, P=0.02), and invasive mechanical ventilation (χ2=7.630, P=0.006) between MDR and non-MDR patients. Deep venous catheters (χ2=5.923, P=0.015), invasive mechanical ventilation (χ2=16.845, P=0.000), other catheters (χ2=4.009, P=0.045) and surgery (χ2=3.910, P=0.048) were all significantly different between CRKP and non-CRKP patients. APACHE Ⅱ scores were performed in all patients. The average APACHE Ⅱ score was 8.74±5.32 of the 50 cases (67.6%) in the survival group and that was 16.46 ± 6.62 of the 24 cases (32.4%) in the death group. The APACHE Ⅱ score in the survival group was significantly lower than that in the death group. The difference was statistically significant (t=5.091, P=0.000). APACHE Ⅱ≥15 was the independent factor of death (B =-2.708, P=0.000). \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The situation of drug-resistant KP-BSI is severe in the clinic. According to the clinical data, nosocomial infections, invasive mechanical ventilation and deep venous catheters may be the risk factors for MDR bloodstream infection. Deep venous catheters, invasive mechanical ventilation, other catheters and surgery may be the risk factors for bloodstream infection with CRKP. APACHEⅡ≥15 is the independent risk factor for death. The evaluation of APACHE Ⅱ score may predict the prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Klebsiella pneumoniae; Risk factors; Bloodstream infection; Clinical features","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45278432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of prognostic factors for 24-month survival of hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure patients treated with telbivudine","authors":"Hai-bing Gao, Xiangmei Wang, H. Ma, Shenglong Lin, Dongqin Zhang, Wenjun Wu, Jiankai Fang, Minghua Lin","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the baseline independent prognostic factors for 24 months survival of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients treated with telbivudine. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The prospective cohort study was conducted in HBV-associated ACLF patients who were hospitalized in Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University and volunteered to be treated with telbivudine for more than 24 months. The patients were observed for survival at month 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 after treatment. The baseline biochemical index, coagulant function, model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, HBV DNA level as well as comorbidities were analyzed in this study. The count data were compared with kappa test or Fisher′s exact test. For the normal distributed measurement data, the homogeneity test of variances (Levene test) was firstly used for comparison between groups. Further, the group t test was applied for variance homogeneity, while the approximate t test was applied for variance non-homogeneity and the Mann-Whitney U test was applied for the non-distributed measurement data. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000A total of 41 patients were enrolled, including 3 drop-outs and 38 accomplishments. Among these 38 patients, there were 3 females (7.9%) and 35 males (92.1%), with ages (38.5±11.1) years. There were 32 patients alive and 6 dead during 1 month′s follow-up, while baseline MELD score was the independent prognostic factor (RR=1.864, 95%CI: 1.151-3.019) for survival. There were 31 patients alive and 7 dead during 3 months′ follow-up, while baseline MELD score and upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGH) were the independent prognostic factors (RR=2.053, 95%CI: 1.163-3.625; RR=394.939, 95%CI: 1.880-82 948.817). There were both 26 patients alive and 12 dead during 6 and 12 months′ follow-up, while baseline MELD score was the independent prognostic factor (RR=1.761, 95% CI: 1.230-2.523). At the end of 24 months′ follow-up, there were 15 patients alive and 23 dead. Viral rebounds were observed in 6 patients and 3 of them were dead. Baseline HBV DNA level, MELD score and electrolyte imbalance were the independent prognostic factors (RR=9.722, 95% CI: 1.607-58.821; RR=1.518, 95% CI: 1.066-2.162; RR=87.505, 95% CI: 2.263-3 384.232) for 24 months′survival. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000Although telbivudine is not recommended as the first-line treatment, ACLF patients with low MELD score and low HBV DNA level at baseline, individualized treatment may improve patient's survival rate. UGH and electrolyte imbalance may affect the efficacy of telbivudine and reduce the survival rate of ACLF patient. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Hepatitis B virus; Liver failure; Telbivudine; Survival analysis","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46489325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The detection rate of pertussis in children and infants with persistent cough in Beijing during 2011-2016","authors":"Yang Zhao, Jin Fu, F. Xiao, Li Li, Baoyuan Zhang, Yanwei Li, Xuelian Han, X. Cui, Qing-ping Duan","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To investigate the prevalence of pertussis in infants and children with persistent cough in Beijing during 2011-2016. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000The eligible infants and children from over ten hospitals who were suspected to have pertussis from 2011 to 2016 were enrolled for detection. Nasopharyngeal secretions and blood samples were collected. Multiplex-PCR was performed for Bordetella pertussis and real-time PCR was performed for nucleic acid of Bordetella pertussis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000A total of 1 318 eligible cases were enrolled, including 820 males and 498 females. Pertussis was detected positive in 534 cases, including 81.3% (434/534) of B. pertussis positive cases and 31.8% (170/534) of IgG positive cases. There were 13.1% (70/534) had double positive for bacteria and antibodies. From 2011 to 2016, the enrolled patients were increased from 103 cases per year to 460 cases per year, and the test positive patients were increased from 29 cases to 194 cases. Among the pertussis patients, 466 (87.3%) cases were younger than one year old. From the first quarter to the fourth quarter of the year, There were 65 cases, 151 cases, 205 cases, and 113 cases, respectively. In further analysis of the 268 cases from Children′s Hospital affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 90.7% of the patients who had whooping cough were scattered children; 185 cases (69.0%) of the patients had not begun programmed immunization, 71 cases (26.5%) did not complete programmed immunization and 12 cases (4.5%) completed the programmed immunization. Of all the inpatients, 21.6% were critical ill, 0.8% (2 cases) dead, and the remaining patients were recovered and discharged. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The prevalence of pertussis is increasing, especially in summer. Infants are the most susceptible population. Bordetella pertussis is one of the most important pathogen that can induce persistent and chronic cough. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Whooping cough; Epidemiology; Polymerase chain reaction","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45996726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of coagulase-negative Staphylococci isolated from blood cultures","authors":"Tingting Wu, J. Zeng, Xiao-peng Jing, Xiaochun Min","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"Objective \u0000To analyze clinical characteristics of bloodstream infections caused by coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) and antibiotic resistance of the bacteria, so that to provide basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Methods \u0000A retrospective analysis of CNS in blood cultures collected from 108 hospitalized patients in Puai Hospital of Tongji Medical College from January 2016 to December 2017 was performed. The antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested by Kirby-Bauer method and E test method. For measurement variables, normally distributed variables were compared using t test, and non-normal distributed data were compared using Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were compared using χ2 test. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Results \u0000Of the 108 patients, 66 were male and 42 were female; the age range was 26 to 98 years and the average was 49 years. According to the criteria for bacteremia, 36 of 108 (33.3%) patients with CNS-positive blood cultures were diagnosed with bacteremia and 72 (66.7%) cases were contaminated. CNS bacteremia mainly occurred in the intensive care unit and nephropathy ward. Among them, 23 (62.2%) patients were catheter-related blood stream infections, and 11 (29.7%) patients were dialysis catheter-related bloodstream infections. Fifteen of 36 (41.7%) strains were isolated within 48 hours of admission. The level of serum procalcitonin (PCT) for bacteremia patients was 2.56 (1.44, 7.60) μg/L, and that was 0.13 (0.05, 0.23) μg/L in contaminated patients. The difference was statistically significant (Z=8.097, P 0.05). After antibiotic treatment, 26 of 36 bacteremia patients were survived. The PCT levels before antibiotic treatment were 2.05 (1.42, 4.32) μg/L, and 0.24 (0.07, 0.61) μg/L after antibiotic treatment. Serum PCT was decreased significantly after antibiotic treatment (Z=4.457, P 0.05). No significant difference was found in white blood cell count between survivors and deaths at 28 days (t=0.771, P>0.05). There was no statistical difference of the anti-bacterial drug susceptibility between pathogens and contaminants (P>0.05). All strains were sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Conclusions \u0000The incidence of CNS contamination in blood culture is relatively high. It is important to distinguish true bacteraemia from contamination by a review of the clinical and laboratory indicators. PCT is of clinical value to indicate CNS infection and to monitor therapeutic effect. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000Key words: \u0000Bacteremia; Coagulase negative Staphylococci; Procalcitonin","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69753663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment strategy of patients with refractory and special hepatitis C virus infection","authors":"Ming-Hui Yang","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1000-6680.2018.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10127,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41835636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}