Urban Water最新文献_第7页

Marseille Statement 马赛的声明

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00051-6

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: physically based models 水管结构恶化的综合检讨:物理模型

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00032-2

Balvant Rajani, Yehuda Kleiner

{"title":"Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: physically based models","authors":"Balvant Rajani, Yehuda Kleiner","doi":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00032-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00032-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides a comprehensive (although not exhaustive) overview of the physical/mechanical models that have been developed to improve the understanding of the structural performance of water mains. Several components have to be considered in modelling this structural behaviour. The residual structural capacity of water mains is affected by material deterioration due to environmental and operational conditions as well as quality of manufacturing and installation. This residual structural capacity is subjected to external and internal loads exerted by the soil pressure, traffic loading, frost loads, operational pressure and third party interference. Some models address only one or a few of the numerous components of the physical process that lead to breakage, while others attempt to take a more comprehensive approach. Initial efforts were aimed mainly towards development of deterministic models, while more recent models use a probabilistic approach to deal with uncertainties in defining the deterioration and failure processes. The physical/mechanical models were classified into two classes: deterministic and probabilistic models. The effect of temperature on pipe breakage is discussed from three angles; the first deals with temperature effects on pipe-soil interaction, the second deals with frost load effects and the third provides a brief review of various attempts to statistically quantify influence of temperature on water main failure.</p><p>This paper complements the companion paper “Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: statistical models”, which reviews statistical methods that explain, quantify and predict pipe breakage or structural failures of water mains.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101268,"journal":{"name":"Urban Water","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 151-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00032-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87980740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 332

Groundwater in urban areas 市区地下水

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00050-4

D Pokrajac

引用次数: 4

The interdependence of groundwater and urbanisation in rapidly developing cities 在快速发展的城市中，地下水与城市化的相互依存关系

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00043-7

S.S.D Foster

引用次数: 130

Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: statistical models 水管结构老化的综合检讨:统计模型

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00033-4

Yehuda Kleiner, Balvant Rajani

{"title":"Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: statistical models","authors":"Yehuda Kleiner, Balvant Rajani","doi":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00033-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00033-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides a comprehensive (although not exhaustive) overview of a large body of work carried out in the last 20 years to quantify the structural deterioration of water mains by analysing historical performance data. The physical mechanisms that lead to pipe failure often require data that are not readily available and are costly to obtain. Thus, physical models may currently be justified only for major transmission water mains, where the cost of failure is significant, whereas statistical models, which can be applied with various levels of input data, are useful for distribution water mains. The statistical methods are classified into two classes, deterministic and probabilistic models. Sub classes are probabilistic multi-variate and probabilistic single-variate group processing models. The review provides descriptions of the various models including their governing equations, as well as critiques, comparisons and identification of the types of data that are required for implementation. In some cases, a brief description of the methodology is provided where a decision support system was developed based on a specific statistical model.</p><p>A companion paper “Comprehensive review of structural deterioration of water mains: physical models” helps to complete the picture of the work that has been done on the subject of water main deterioration and failure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101268,"journal":{"name":"Urban Water","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 131-150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00033-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79495449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 489

Theory of sustainable groundwater management: an urban case study 地下水可持续管理理论:以城市为例

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00040-1

Hugo A Lóaiciga , Roy B Leipnik

{"title":"Theory of sustainable groundwater management: an urban case study","authors":"Hugo A Lóaiciga , Roy B Leipnik","doi":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00040-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00040-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Theoretical principles of sustainable aquifer management are laid out in this work. The premise of our treatment is that groundwater is a renewable, although depletable, natural resource. The theory of this work is aimed at aquifers with a relatively homogeneous recharge that can be approximated by a logistic growth function. Sustainable aquifer exploitation occurs when the rate of groundwater extraction<span><span> is equal to or less than the natural rate of groundwater replenishment for any level of aquifer storage. There can be many levels of sustainable aquifer exploitation depending on the level of aquifer storage, but there may be only one which maximizes economic returns under a variety of economic and aquifer conditions. Different strategies for sustainable exploitation are derived depending on whether or not the analysis considers </span>tradeoffs among (i) current and future exploitation, (ii) constant and dynamic aquifer storage conditions, and (iii) regulated and unregulated aquifer exploitation. Key factors affecting sustainable exploitation strategies include (1) the market price of groundwater; (2) the cost of groundwater extraction; (3) the aquifer storage and natural replenishment characteristics; (4) institutional and environmental regulations on groundwater extraction; and (5) the real discount rate. An example of sustainable groundwater exploitation in Santa Barbara, California, illustrates the methods of this paper.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101268,"journal":{"name":"Urban Water","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 217-228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00040-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88645158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Intelligent characterisation and diagnosis of the groundwater quality in an urban fractured-rock aquifer using an artificial neural network 基于人工神经网络的城市岩缝含水层地下水水质智能表征与诊断

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00045-0

Yoon-Seok Hong, Michael R. Rosen

{"title":"Intelligent characterisation and diagnosis of the groundwater quality in an urban fractured-rock aquifer using an artificial neural network","authors":"Yoon-Seok Hong, Michael R. Rosen","doi":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00045-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00045-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper addresses the problem of how to diagnose the effect of stormwater infiltration on groundwater quality variables and to capture the complex nonlinear relationships that exist between groundwater quality variables. It is argued that because of the complex nonlinear relationships between the groundwater quality variables, classical linear statistical methods are unreliable and difficult to visualise the results. The application of intelligent techniques, which can analyse the multi-dimensional groundwater quality data with the sophisticated visualisation technique, is vital for sustainable groundwater management.</p><p>In this paper, the Kohonen self-organising feature maps (KSOFM) neural network is applied to analyse the effect of stormwater infiltration on the groundwater quality, and diagnose the inter-relationship of the groundwater quality variables in a fractured rock aquifer. Based on the pattern analysis visualised in component planes and U-matrix, the inter-relationships among the groundwater quality variables due to the stormwater infiltration are extracted and interpreted. The pattern distribution of groundwater quality variables due to different aquifer conditions is also analysed.</p><p>It is concluded that the KSOFM technique described in this paper provides an effective analysing and diagnosing tool to understand the dynamic in the groundwater quality and to extract knowledge contained in the multi-dimensional data. Finally it has considerable potential not only in groundwater quality monitoring and diagnosis, but also in other environmental areas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101268,"journal":{"name":"Urban Water","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 193-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00045-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74287247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 51

Combined land-use and environmental factors for sustainable groundwater management 地下水可持续管理中土地利用与环境因素的结合

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00049-8

Martin L Collin , Abraham J Melloul

{"title":"Combined land-use and environmental factors for sustainable groundwater management","authors":"Martin L Collin , Abraham J Melloul","doi":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00049-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00049-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Sustainable groundwater management<span> must take into consideration pollution sources<span> and the potential of fluid percolation which could convey pollutants to the aquifer. The objective of this paper is to highlight the relationship between environmental factors and land-use types, and the adverse effects upon groundwater quality which may stem from that relationship. A clear understanding of the significant impact of land-use can generate guidelines for sustainable groundwater management. Appropriate conservation and remediation measures, could then be suggested, taking in consideration land-use and intensity of percolation potential from the ground surface to the water table. Guidelines for operational measures can be suggested to mitigate and correct adverse trends in groundwater quality. Integrated with such guidelines, planned land-use activities should harmonize with needs of both ecological and sustainable groundwater management. Two study areas located in different regions of Israel's </span></span></span>coastal aquifer have been considered in this paper. Erez-Shiqma represents a pristine region, whilst the Ra'anana area represents a region suffering from significant eco-hydrological stress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101268,"journal":{"name":"Urban Water","volume":"3 3","pages":"Pages 229-237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00049-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80271514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 65

Trihalomethane formation potential: a tool for detecting non-specific organic groundwater contamination 三卤甲烷形成潜力:一种检测非特异性有机地下水污染的工具

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00039-5

M.E Stuart , D.C Gooddy , D.G Kinniburgh , B.A Klinck

引用次数: 21

Siphonic roof drainage: current understanding 虹吸式屋顶排水:目前的理解

Urban Water Pub Date : 2001-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1462-0758(01)00021-8

Scott Arthur , John A. Swaffield

引用次数: 22