{"title":"A novel variational inequality approach for modeling the optimal equilibrium in multi-tiered supply chain networks","authors":"Sheng-Xue He, Yun-Ting Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a novel variational inequality model (VIM) to capture the complex real decision-making process in multi-tiered supply chain networks (MSCN) without strictly limiting the features of related functions. The VIM is formulated with the equilibrium conditions on links as the optimization goal and the flow conservation condition as the main constraints. We transform the VIM into a series of equivalent Non-Linear Programming Models (NLPMs) to solve. To address this challenge, we propose a novel population-based heuristic algorithm called the Multiscale Model Learning Algorithm (MMLA). The MMLA is inspired by the learning behavior of individuals in a group and can converge to an optimal equilibrium state of the MSCN. The MMLA has two key operations: zooming in on the search field and learning search in a learning stage. The excellent performers, called medalists, are imitated by other learners. With the increase in learning stages, the learning efficiency is improved, and the searching energy is concentrated in a more promising area. We employ sixteen benchmark optimization problems and two supply chain networks to demonstrate the effectiveness of the MMLA and the rationality of the equilibrium models. The results obtained by MMLA for the NLPM show that the MMLA can solve the equilibrium model effectively, and multiple optimal equilibrium states may exist for an MSCN. The flexibility of the NLPM makes it possible to consider more complicated decision-making mechanisms in the model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A fuzzy TOPSIS model for selecting digital technologies in circular supply chains","authors":"Umair Tanveer , Marios Dominikos Kremantzis , Nikos Roussinos , Shamaila Ishaq , Leonidas Sotirios Kyrgiakos , George Vlontzos","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several digital technologies are available to facilitate the transition toward a circular supply chain infrastructure. Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs) should assess their readiness and measure their performance to select the most appropriate digital technology. This study explores how well-established digital technologies such as Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS), the Internet of Things (IoT), Cloud Manufacturing (CM), and Big Data Analytics (BDA) impact circular supply chain infrastructure in SMEs. Questionnaires have been distributed to collect employees’ preferences concerning the circular supply chain management criteria (profit, innovation, sustainability, and optimization). The responses have been organized into three clusters using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). A fuzzy Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) technique is adopted to evaluate these technologies since it constitutes a reliable managerial tool when vagueness impacts the smooth operation of the supply chain. Results indicate the ranking order of the investigated digital technologies (CPS>IoT>CM>BDA) as well as the circular benefits and the supply chain attributes imparted upon implementing these technologies. Such benefits and attributes are provided to assess the impact of these digital technologies on a circular economy. Lastly, the perspective of the selection process affected by other factors, such as the enterprise’s extroversion level and its internal structure, are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Bi-objective cap-and-trade model for minimising environmental impact in closed-loop supply chains","authors":"Massimiliano Caramia, Emanuele Pizzari","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A Closed-Loop Supply Chain (CLSC) is a complex network with unique environmental features and attributes that requires specific managerial policies and strategies. Quantitative models can provide a solid basis for these policies and strategies. This study expands the work of Shoaeinaeini et al. (2021) on Green Supply Chain Management. We propose a bi-objective facility location, demand allocation, and pricing model for CLSC networks. The proposed model considers two conflicting objective functions: maximising profits and minimising emissions. We show consumer environmental awareness can predict the products’ rate of return and determine a more suitable price for new products and the acquisition price for used products. The cap-and-trade policy has been implemented at its fullest potential, allowing the trading of carbon quotas. Therefore, companies may decide to produce less to sell more quotas or vice-versa, effectively picking the most profitable option. The model is solved and tested with the commercial solver BARON. The model effectively shows the trade-off between generating profits and emission reduction. Companies are able to turn a profit while abiding by the government’s intention of reducing emissions. The comparison with a single-objective version of the model highlights that the concurrent optimisation of economic and environmental objectives yields better results. The acquisition price of used products is a value worthy of monitoring. The government should focus on policies to assist the reverse flow of used products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100020"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49750709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An integrated multi-criteria decision-making approach for overcoming barriers to green supply chain management and prioritizing alternative solutions","authors":"Alper Özaşkın , Ali Görener","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Green practices are no longer a wish but a must in business. Despite that, businesses interested in implementing green supply-chain practices encounter several barriers. This study aims to analyze the barriers and solution proposals related to green supply chain practices in the manufacturing sector. Face-to-face interviews with eleven decision-makers in the manufacturing industry who know about green supply chain practices provided the data for the study. In the analysis phase, the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) method was used to analyze the barriers that are effective in implementing green supply chain practices. Combining it with fuzzy logic and the Evaluation based on Distance from Average Solution (EDAS) and Complex Proportional Assessment (COPRAS) methods were used to evaluate solution proposals. The Copeland method was used to combine the results and find the final rankings. The three most important barriers are identified as the lack of technological hardware and software infrastructure, fear of failure, and non-adoption of technological improvements. The solutions that can be used in the implementation phase are training employees, collaborating with other businesses, and improving government support and incentives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49767345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multi-agent-based real-time truck scheduling model for cross-docking problems with single inbound and outbound doors","authors":"Bilge Torbali , Gülgün Alpan","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cross-docking is a logistics methodology employed in warehouses to gain a competitive advantage by consolidating and transferring freights directly from an inbound supplier to an outbound client with no or restricted storage. Real-time data processing is required for fast synchronisation of inflows and outflows. This study develops a real-time multi-agent truck scheduling model for single inbound-single outbound cross-docking for fast synchronisation of inflows and outflows. The proposed model exploits the autonomous, reactive, and distributed responsibility characteristics of the multi-agent systems to realise shared computation and respond flexible responses to dynamic events. This type of model is novel in the cross-docking literature for scheduling of both inbound and outbound trucks. The responsiveness of the proposed model is evaluated by employing a combination of different traffic levels based on truck arrival times. Furthermore, various truck-to-door assignment strategies are implemented to achieve the best performance based on key performance indicators such as the average stock level, the number of late pallets, the pallet delay and the outbound truck fill rate. To validate the experimental results, ANOVA (analysis of variance) is performed. The analysis demonstrates that the stock policy (SP) outperforms all the others by sustaining low stock levels and high on-time deliveries and truck fill rates across all traffic levels, while the time-related strategies are adequate for cases where outbound traffic is more elevated than inbound traffic.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49727373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A bi-objective model for scheduling green investments in two-stage supply chains","authors":"Massimiliano Caramia , Giuseppe Stecca","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investing in green technologies to increase sustainability in supply chains has become a common practice for two reasons: the first is directly related to the defense of the environment and people’s health to smooth the emissions of pollutants; the second is the increasing consumer awareness of green products. Despite the higher costs of producing with green technologies and processes, there is also a higher markup on the price of products which rewards the former costs. This study proposes a mathematical model for scheduling green investments over time in a two-stage supply chain to minimize the impact of production on the environment and the economic costs deriving from the investment. The resulting bi-objective model has nonlinear constraints and is solved using a commercial solver. Given its complexity, we propose an upper-bound heuristic and a lower-bound model to reduce the optimality gap attained at a given time limit. Tests on synthetic instances have been conducted, and an example demonstrates the applicability and efficacy of the proposed model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100029"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49767354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An investigation of green supply chain management practices on organizational performance using multivariate statistical analysis","authors":"Ghanashyam Khanal , Ruby Shrestha , Niranjan Devkota , Manish Sakhakarmy , Surendra Mahato , Udaya Raj Paudel , Yatish Acharya , Chandra Kanta Khanal","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Global warming and climate change are the main hurdles facing humanity. They are caused by various market practices, such as mining natural resources, fossil fuels used for power generation, dumping hazardous waste, massive electricity generation, and much more. Different ideas, such as the use of hybrid cars, solar power, biogas, etc., have arisen to do business without negatively impacting the environment and Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) is one of them. This paper focuses on the impact of GSCM practices on manufacturing companies’ operational efficiency and overall organizational performance. The study is explanatory and is based on the qualitative model. To analyze the factors influencing organizational performance concerning GSCM, we created questionnaires and utilized structural equation modeling (SEM) for inferential analysis. Our study revealed a mediating role between business performance and GSCM practices. Manufacturing companies need to consider the interaction between internal and external aspects of GSCM to integrate their operations effectively. Additionally, we suggest that examining the relationship between GSCM practices and organizational performance is crucial. This examination addresses the major obstacles in utilizing GSCM practices effectively and proposes a management approach for implementing GSCM in organizations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49767356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comprehensive inventory management system for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in supplier- retailer-customer supply chains","authors":"Jayasankari Chandramohan , Ruba Priyadhasrhini Asoka Chakravarthi , Uthayakumar Ramasamy","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study develops an inventory management system for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in a supplier-retailer-customer supply chain. The proposed model considers carbon emissions during production and applies a carbon tax to regulate the emission. Promotional prices are considered to boost demand. The supplier offers a credit period to the retailer and the retailer to the customers. Imperfect products in the proposed model are separated from the lot using an inspection process performed by the retailer. Finally, a learning process is proposed to spot misclassified products and avoid using misclassification errors. Two models with and without shortages are further developed in this study. The proposed model considers imperfect quality, non-instantaneous deteriorating items based on learning effects, multi-variate demands, and multi-credit periods with the carbon tax. Models with and without shortages are also developed. Numerical examples and sensitivity analysis are provided to verify the applicability and demonstrate the efficacy of the model proposed in this study.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49750701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sajjad Taghiyeh , David C. Lengacher , Amir Hossein Sadeghi , Amirreza Sahebi-Fakhrabad , Robert B. Handfield
{"title":"A novel multi-phase hierarchical forecasting approach with machine learning in supply chain management","authors":"Sajjad Taghiyeh , David C. Lengacher , Amir Hossein Sadeghi , Amirreza Sahebi-Fakhrabad , Robert B. Handfield","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hierarchical time series demands are often associated with products, time frames, or geographic aggregations. Traditionally, these hierarchies have been forecasted using “top-down,” “bottom-up,” or “middle-out” approaches. This study advocates using child-level forecasts in a hierarchical supply chain to improve parent-level forecasts. Improved forecasts can considerably reduce logistics costs, especially in e-commerce. We propose a novel multi-phase hierarchical approach for independently forecasting each series in a hierarchy using machine learning. We then combine all forecasts to allow a second-phase model estimation at the parent level. Sales data from a logistics solutions provider is used to compare our approach to “bottom-up” and “top-down” methods. Our results demonstrate an 82–90% improvement in forecast accuracy. Using the proposed method, supply chain planners can derive more accurate forecasting results by exploiting the benefit of multivariate data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A supply chain risk assessment index for small and medium enterprises in post COVID-19 era","authors":"Harish Babu , Susheel Yadav","doi":"10.1016/j.sca.2023.100023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sca.2023.100023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Supply chain networks worldwide were disrupted substantially during covid-19 pandemic. More specifically, the supply chain networks for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) were exposed to various risks and disrupted more significantly than large organisations during and after the covid-19 era due to these disruptions and limited resources. This study uses the fuzzy set theory to present a conceptual framework for a comprehensive supply chain risk assessment in SMEs during uncertain times. A case study illustrates the efficacy of the proposed conceptual framework for post-covid-19 risk assessment in SMEs in a developing country. The proposed framework evaluates the overall risk index in SMEs based on seven Supply Chain Risk (SCR) factors and 42 associated attributes. In addition, twenty SCR attributes are identified as the main SCR obstacles according to their fuzzy supply chain risk index.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101186,"journal":{"name":"Supply Chain Analytics","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100023"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}