Mariecken V Fowler MD , David J Capobianco MD , David W Dodick MD
{"title":"Headache in the elderly","authors":"Mariecken V Fowler MD , David J Capobianco MD , David W Dodick MD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Although the prevalence is lower in the elderly than in young adults, headache is a common complaint in the aged population. A broad differential diagnosis and unique diagnostic considerations must be considered for the elderly patient with a complaint of headache. In addition, the evaluation and management of headache in older individuals must be considered in the context of comorbid conditions and polypharmacy<span>, which are common in the elderly. As with children and young adults, headache classification in the elderly can be divided into primary and secondary headache disorders. The primary headache disorders consist of free-standing conditions such as migraine, </span></span>cluster headache, and tension-type headache. Secondary headache disorders reflect underlying organic diseases such as </span>giant cell arteritis, intracranial mass lesion, or metabolic abnormality. This article provides a review of the various etiologies, both primary and secondary, as well as guidelines for the treatment of headache in the elderly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 123-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72600277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pathophysiology of migraine and cluster headaches","authors":"Sheena K Aurora MD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There have been remarkable advances in the last decade in unraveling the mystery of primary headache disorders such as migraine and cluster. The vascular theory has been superseded by the neurovascular phenomenon, which seems to be the permissive triggering factor in migraine and cluster headache<span><span>. This has been achieved through new imaging modalities such as positron imaging tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Prior to these </span>imaging techniques, it was not possible to study the primary headache disorders because there was no structural basis. There is now an increasing body of evidence that the brain is primarily involved in cluster and migraine and that vessel dilation is an epiphenomenon.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 62-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90855597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subscription information (update)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1537-5897(04)00060-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1537-5897(04)00060-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Page ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1537-5897(04)00060-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138323546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Musculoskeletal head and neck pain","authors":"Joanne Borg-Stein MD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Musculoskeletal head and neck pain is an extremely common clinical syndrome in outpatient pain practice. Cervical structures are a frequent cause of headache and must be differentiated from primary headache disorders. Convergence of cervical and trigeminal nociceptive pathways in the upper part of the cervical spinal cord is the neurophysiologic basis of this connection. An interdisciplinary pain management approach that addresses </span>psychosocial factors<span>, pharmacologic and interventional pain management<span> and incorporates progressive exercise training is most likely to be effective. This review discusses the comprehensive evaluation and management of musculoskeletal head and neck pain with a focus on cervicogenic headache<span>, cervical myofascial pain, and temperomandibular dysfunction.</span></span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89497119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Migraine in women","authors":"Dawn A Marcus MD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Estradiol is an important headache modulator. After menarche, cycling estradiol significantly influences headache activity, with risk of headache decreasing as estradiol levels rise and increasing when estradiol levels fall. This study follows the life a young woman, from the onset of migraine in adolescence through menopause. This case illustrates the difficulties of correctly diagnosing migraine during childhood and adolescence, variable changes that can occur with headache during pregnancies, and the frequent exacerbation of stable headaches during the perimenopausal period when estradiol levels fluctuate. The case presentation illustrates many of the common challenges faced in caring for migraine in women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 115-122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"99904086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trigeminal neuralgia and facial pain","authors":"Joanna M Zakrzewska MD (FDSRCS, FFDRCSI)","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Trigeminal neuralgia is a rare form of neuropathic pain that results in sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief stabbing, recurrent pains in the distribution of one or more branches of the fifth cranial nerve. Diagnosis of all </span>orofacial pain<span> is principally on careful historic assessment because there are few investigations with high specificity and sensitivity. Management of trigeminal neuralgia is initially medical with the “gold standard” drug being carbamazepine. More drugs are now available, but relatively few have been evaluated in high-quality, randomized, controlled trials. Surgical treatments have yielded favorable outcomes, especially </span></span>microvascular decompression<span>, but evidence has come only from case reports. Other forms of facial pain respond to tricyclic antidepressants<span>, but invasive occlusal rehabilitation for temporomandibular disorders must be avoided. Patients require high-quality information. National support groups are available.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 76-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72557339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychiatric comorbidities in patients with headaches","authors":"Gay L Lipchik PhD , Donald B Penzien PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Migraine and tension-type headaches are not, in and of themselves, psychiatric disorders. Nevertheless, there is a strong association between these headache diagnoses and a number of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and anxiety. Although most individuals with headaches in the general population do not have comorbid psychiatric disorders, many patients do, especially those presenting to specialty clinics. Moreover, there is some evidence indicating that psychiatric comorbidity is a negative prognostic indicator in children and adults with headache. Thus, the identification and treatment of psychiatric illness is necessary, beginning at an early age. In this study we provide an overview of the current literature on comorbidity of psychiatric illness and the most common headache disorders<span>: migraine; tension type; and “chronic daily headache” (ie, chronic migraine, chronic tension type). We briefly discuss the assessment of psychiatric illness in medical (nonpsychiatric) settings and provide pharmacologic and behavioral treatment recommendations. Finally, we briefly examine the role of behavioral medicine in headache management, which appears to be especially important for headache patients with psychiatric comorbidity.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 93-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76912620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Acute treatment of migraine headaches","authors":"Alexander Mauskop MD","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The majority of patients seeking medical attention for their headaches suffer from migraines, which commonly cause significant disability. Acute attacks of migraine can be successfully treated, usually with triptans.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 72-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.06.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84600008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Classification and diagnosis of headache disorders","authors":"David M Biondi DO","doi":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spmd.2004.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Headache is a common medical condition often associated with high personal and socioeconomic burdens. Before 1988, there were no internationally accepted means by which to identify, classify, and study the hundreds of different headache syndromes presenting to the medical community for evaluation. With the introduction of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD) in 1988, a system for headache classification became available that has standardized headache diagnosis for use in research and clinical practice. The second edition of the ICHD (ICHD-II) was published in 2004 and has introduced important revisions to the classification schema based on our growing understanding of the many headache types found in the general population and their pathogenesis. General principles related to the clinical evaluation and diagnostic classification of headache disorders using the ICHD-II are reviewed in this article.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101158,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Pain Medicine","volume":"2 2","pages":"Pages 54-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.spmd.2004.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76845258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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