Reports of Practical Oncology最新文献

{"title":"THE EFFECT OF AUXILIARY DRUGS ON PHOTODYNAMIC CYTOLYSIS IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY","authors":"Е.В. Miroshnikova, L.V. Galebskayа, V. A. Dadali, Y.V. Dadal, B. I. Miroshnikov","doi":"10.31917/2304239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2304239","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of pyridine-containing and phenolic compounds (Mexidol, Emoxypine, Vitamin В6 , Paracetamol, Propofol, Coenzyme Q10) and imidazole-containing Dexdor on photoinduced hemolysis in PDT was studied in an experiment (on erythrocytes of healthy people’s blood). It was found that Mexidol and Emoxypine showed themselves not as antioxidants, but as powerful agents to enhance the hemolytic effect, while in the area of small doses they showed a membraneprotective antihemolytic effect. Therefore, the possibility of their use as concomitant drugs in PDT is problematic and additional clinical studies are required. The anesthetic Dexdor (dexmedetomidine) did not have a noticeable effect on the rate of hemolysis, which makes it possible to recommend it as a priority drug for drug support of PDT. Sedative Propofol (2,4-diisopropylphenol) and Paracetamol (p-acetoaminophenol) as most phenolic compounds caused significant inhibition of hemolysis, which makes their use in PDT problematic. Coenzyme Q10 (its reduced form – ubiquinol) showed a pronounced inhibitory effect on the hemolysis process, however, it can be recommended as an effective membrane-protective drug to protect the membranes of healthy cells","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85303441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NEW TECHNOLOGIES IN RADIOLOGY DIAGNOSTICS","authors":"V. Chernobrivtseva, A. S. Misyurin","doi":"10.31917/2304203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2304203","url":null,"abstract":"Today, modern medical imaging techniques are in the process of developing and implementing machine learning and neural network-based programs to improve diagnosis of several diseases, including cancer. Such methods of image processing are superior to traditional methods of image assessment and reduce the time required and diagnostic error rate. In addition, more advanced programs, in the foreseeable future, will be able to act as a second opinion for the doctor, helping him in making decisions on the choice of techniques for treating patients. In this paper some aspects related to radiomics and radiogenomics, machine learning and the challenges of implementing the latest image evaluation algorithms are discussed.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"64 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91423468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE RELIABILITY OF THE CRITERIA FOR THE CONSISTENCY OF RADIOIODABLATION","authors":"V. Solodkiy, D. Fomin, O. Borisova, Y. Blanter","doi":"10.31917/2304225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2304225","url":null,"abstract":"Summary: the article discusses the reasons for the possible ineffectiveness of radioiodablation in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer when using adequate individually calculated activities of 131I. Based on a prospective analysis of post-therapeutic whole-body scintigraphy, laboratory parameters, dosimetric control and clinical manifestations after radionuclide therapy, significant criteria for the possible failure of standard combination therapy are identified and a change in treatment tactics in this group of patients is proposed.Purpose: search for the reasons for unsatisfactory results of radionuclide treatment in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Materials and Methods: analysis of 2260 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who received combined treatment using traditional preparation methods using thyrotropin alpha, from which a group was identified with a high level of 131I. that was unexpected at the pre-therapeutic stage against the background of early radiation diseases and low dosimetry indicators. In patients, laboratory parameters of TSH, thyroglobulin and thyroglobulin antibodies were assessed using radioimmunoassay and clinical manifestations of radiation conditions, taking into account the prescribed therapy; The scintigraphy of the thyroid bed with 99mTc-pertechnetate, post-therapeutic scintigraphy with 131I upon exiting the «closed mode» and dosimetric control under standard conditions every 24 hours after taking the therapeutic activity were performed.Material and methods: prospective single-center analysis of data from 2260 patients with differentiated thyroid cancer who received combined treatment using the traditional preparation method and the use of thyrotropin alfa, from which a group with an unexpected high RP uptake at the pre-therapeutic stage was identified against the background of the absence of early radiation complications and low dosimetry indicators. In patients, laboratory parameters of TSH, TG and AT-TG were assessed using radioimmunoassay and clinical manifestations of radiation reactions, taking into account the prescribed therapy; scintigraphy of the thyroid bed with 99mТс-sodium pertechnetate, post-therapeutic scintigraphy with 131I upon exiting the «closed mode» and dosimetric monitoring with an assessment 48 hours after ingestion of therapeutic activity. Results: analyzed the data of a group of patients in whom there was a marked discrepancy between the usually interdependent results of scintigraphy before and after RIA, which subsequently changed the treatment tactics in their relation. A statistically significant difference was found between the selected groups in terms of the level of stimulated TSH (in patients with predictable (73,9±31,8 mU/L) and unexpected (114,1±30,5 mU/L) uptake of 131I (p=0,0218); by the values of the dose rate 48 hours after the intake of the calculated activity of 131I (p=0,000005). In addition, we additionally analyzed the effect of traditional and d","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"60 233 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83300602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal prehabilitation in patients with colorectal cancer: a systematic review","authors":"R. A. Nurmukhametov, T. S. Dikova, V. Lyadov, К.А. Kulbasova, V. Galkin","doi":"10.31917/2303187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303187","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Patients with advanced colorectal cancer commonly demonstrate high frequency of sarcopenia (skeletal muscle depletion) and nutritional deficiency while being in need of complex surgical interventions. This led to the development of «multimodal prehabilitation» concept including physical training, nutritional and psychological support. Aim. We aim to summarize recent literature regarding the impact of prehabilitation on the surgical treatment of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods. PubMed, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched for relevant original studies published between January 2011 to December 2021. Results. Eight studies comprising 732 patients were included. The duration of prehabilitation ranged from 2 to 6 weeks,adherence – from 78% to 98%. All studies had functional tests as the primary end-point. Six studies used a 6-minute walk test to measure physical performance. Five studies showed an increase in functional walking capacity in the prehabilitation group, 1 study revealed a significant decrease in the level of anxiety and depression (according to the HADS scale) after prehabilitation. All studies did not demonstrate the impact of prehabilitation on postoperative complications and mortality as well as nutrition status of colorectal cancer patients. Conclusions. Heterogeneity of prehabilitation programs as well as the absence of randomized trials preclude wide adoption of multimodal prehabilitation. Standardized prehabilitation programs are needed to further understand the influence of prehabilitation on the clinical trajectory of patients with colorectal cancer. Also, the preliminary selection of high-risk patients is required to evaluate the clinical importance of prehabilitation.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85646734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin C: is there a place in anticancer treatment?","authors":"I. Gerk, V. Moiseenko","doi":"10.31917/2303133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303133","url":null,"abstract":"Vitamin C is an essential organic nutrient that has many beneficial properties for humans, as it participates in metabolic processes and acts as an antioxidant. A growing body of evidence indicates that high doses of intravenous vitamin C may have an antitumor effect. In the article, we discuss the potential mechanisms of antitumor activity of Vitamin C, as well as published data on its use as anticancer treatment in various groups of patients in monotherapy and in combination with other anticancer drugs.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"160 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81399638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alkalinization of the tumor microenvironment: are there prospects as a therapeutic objective?","authors":"A. Bogdanov, A. Bogdanov, V. Moiseyenko","doi":"10.31917/2303143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303143","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor acidity is one of the hallmarks of cancer. The use of glycolysis as the main source of ATP production due to the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells makes their intracellular pH alkaline and extracellular pH acidic. This metabolic reprogramming and acidification are part of the general defenses that allow malignant cells to survive, multiply, spread, and become resistant to therapies. Tumor acidity may also be associated with a poor prognosis for cancer patients, and clinicians should consider this when diagnosing and determining optimal treatment. On the other hand, the inversion of the pH gradient in tumors could be a weakness, which will allow the development of new promising therapies. Pharmacological inhibition of pH regulation pathways and alkalinization of the tumor appear to be prospective therapeutic options for cancer treatment. Alkalization therapy does not contradict standard treatment methods and can be used in combination to increase effectiveness. Here, we have tried to summarize the basic knowledge about tumor acidity and related potential cancer treatment options.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89931255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiome as a therapeutic target","authors":"F. Moiseenko","doi":"10.31917/2303160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303160","url":null,"abstract":"The community of symbiotic microorganisms populating all the surfaces of human body that interact with outer medias plays an important role in human organism homeostasis, as far as in modulation of multiple normal or pathologic processes. As a consequence of such interaction the qualitative and quantitative composition of microbiome might influence many pathologic and physiologic processes, among which are malignant solid tumors. In this article we try to summarize up-to-date information on the role of microbiome in the appearance, clinical course, and treatment of various solid tumors","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74920343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetics: perspectives of targeted therapy","authors":"N. Volkov","doi":"10.31917/2303170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303170","url":null,"abstract":"This lecture presents the theoretic ground for the role of epigenetics in tumor growth regulation and microenvironment function. Background for therapeutic intervention into main epigenetic regulation mechanisms is described. Also some preclinical and clinical research data in this area are presented. Further future perspectives of epigenetic therapies development are discussed.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85807149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron metabolIsm and ferroptosIs as a therapeutIc target","authors":"V. Chubenko","doi":"10.31917/2303127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303127","url":null,"abstract":"The cell death is the most important characteristic of any tissue, including malignant tumors. It controls the proliferation and metastasis. Besides cell death determines the development of the drug resistance. In this context, the understanding of the mechanisms and searching for the targets of the alternative cellular loss can be a promising therapeutic strategy for long-term control of the tumor growth. This paper describes the mechanisms of ferroptosis, an iron-mediated non-apoptotic cell death due to lipid peroxidation. In this regard, in addition to the emergence of new therapeutic options that can affect key aspects of this process, the search for predictive markers of such metabolic therapy is also important for the clinicians.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79549573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Supportive Care as an Element of Antitumor Treatment","authors":"М.М. Kramchaninov","doi":"10.31917/2303175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31917/2303175","url":null,"abstract":"This article is a literature review of the available data on the antitumor activity of non-oncology drugs. The use of existing non-oncological drugs with antitumor purpose is a promising direction of supportive cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":101072,"journal":{"name":"Reports of Practical Oncology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78984027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}