{"title":"First reported case of Dent Disease Type 2 in a Trisomy 21 child","authors":"Hasani Hewavitharana , Randula Ranawaka , Vajira H.W. Dissanayake","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2025.100096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2025.100096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dent disease is an X-linked recessive proximal tubulopathy predominantly affecting male children with a classic triad of low molecular weight proteinuria, hypercalciuria and nephrocalcinosis. It has marked phenotypic heterogeneity and confirmation requires genetic analysis. In Trisomy 21, renal disease is an uncommon complication and frequently includes congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) and renal malformations, but Dent disease has never been reported in these patients to date. We present a 6-year-old boy with Trisomy 21 who developed non-nephrotic range low molecular weight proteinuria without hypoalbuminemia or oedema. Whole exome sequencing identified a pathogenic variant in the <em>OCRL</em> gene (c.314T > A) and confirmed the diagnosis of Dent Disease Type 2. This is the first reported case of Dent Disease Type 2 in a Trisomy 21 child. Hypotonia and cognitive impairment can overlap in both conditions but the renal manifestations unmasked the clinical diagnosis of Dent disease type 2</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"3 ","pages":"Article 100096"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100021
Thibaud Damy, E. Donal, Olivier Lairez, Jean-Christophe Eicher, Mounira Karoubi, J. Trochu, Jocelyn Inamo, Gilbert Habib, François Roubille, A. Hagège, Flore Morio, E. Cariou, Jérôme Adda, Vincent Algalarrondo, Agathe Coste, Mathilde Bartoli, Jérémie Rudant, Lara Salvi, B. Francou, A. Guiochon‐Mantel, David Adams, Jean-Christophe Antoine, Shahram Attarian, P. Cintas, Raul Juntas Morales, Emmeline Lagrange, Laurent Magy, M. Mallaret, Yann Péréon, Philippe Petiot, C. Cauquil, C. Labeyrie, Andoni Echaniz-Laguna, G. Solé, C. Tard, S. Oghina, Philippe Charron, Michel Slama
{"title":"Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy in France: A cross-sectional multi-centre study (333 patients)","authors":"Thibaud Damy, E. Donal, Olivier Lairez, Jean-Christophe Eicher, Mounira Karoubi, J. Trochu, Jocelyn Inamo, Gilbert Habib, François Roubille, A. Hagège, Flore Morio, E. Cariou, Jérôme Adda, Vincent Algalarrondo, Agathe Coste, Mathilde Bartoli, Jérémie Rudant, Lara Salvi, B. Francou, A. Guiochon‐Mantel, David Adams, Jean-Christophe Antoine, Shahram Attarian, P. Cintas, Raul Juntas Morales, Emmeline Lagrange, Laurent Magy, M. Mallaret, Yann Péréon, Philippe Petiot, C. Cauquil, C. Labeyrie, Andoni Echaniz-Laguna, G. Solé, C. Tard, S. Oghina, Philippe Charron, Michel Slama","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rare.2024.100021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"61 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139888967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100047
H. Ikrou , A. Ibenyahia , N. Boutbagha , M. Hachmi , M. Makloul , F. Ammor , I. lefquih , M. Maidi , S. Wakrim , O. Halloumi , S. Abdala , H. Serhane
{"title":"Unmasking the invisible: Complex lymphatic anomaly uncovered by bilateral chylothorax","authors":"H. Ikrou , A. Ibenyahia , N. Boutbagha , M. Hachmi , M. Makloul , F. Ammor , I. lefquih , M. Maidi , S. Wakrim , O. Halloumi , S. Abdala , H. Serhane","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complex lymphatic anomalies (CLA) are an extremely rare group of disorders resulting from embryogenic lymphatic malformations that are characterized by overlapping clinical, anatomic location, imaging features, and complications. Due to their low incidence, these conditions are often reported in case studies and small series Chylothorax, or the accumulation of chyle in the pleural space, is a rare condition typically resulting from thoracic duct rupture or interruption. In CLA, it is one of the most frequent complications that reveal this pathology. It may occur as a result of the involvement of the lymphatic vessels of the pleura or thoracic duct by adjacent osteolysis. Some of the diagnoses include Gorham Stout disease and generalized lymphatic anomaly, which can be differentiated mostly by analyzing the imaging patterns of bone lesions. Diagnosis is based on clinical, analytical, radiological, and histopathological findings. We are reporting a case of a young 22-year-old female that presented with acute bilateral chylothorax with secondary to CLA. The diagnosis was confirmed through radiological findings using the non contrast MR lymphography, that revealed the presence of lymphatic malformations that were responsable for lytic bone lesions, and a splenic cystic lesion that was also compatible with the diagnosis, that was later on confirmed by histopathological of the pleural tissu,. This report aims to increase awareness and improve diagnostic approach of CLA, emphasizing the role of comprehensive imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142416946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100037
Rabab Ibrahim , Ghazala Zafar , Shafaq Ramzan , Hijab Zahra , Asmat Ali , Shahnaz Ibrahim , Mathias Toft , Zafar Iqbal , Ambrin Fatima
{"title":"A novel homozygous frameshift variant in SPTBN4 causes axonal neuropathy with intellectual disability in a consanguineous family","authors":"Rabab Ibrahim , Ghazala Zafar , Shafaq Ramzan , Hijab Zahra , Asmat Ali , Shahnaz Ibrahim , Mathias Toft , Zafar Iqbal , Ambrin Fatima","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rare.2024.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Neurodevelopmental disorder with hypotonia, neuropathy, and deafness (NEDHND, OMIM #617519) is an autosomal recessive condition arising from variations in the <em>SPTBN4</em> gene. This gene codes for βIV-spectrin, a non-erythrocytic member of the β-spectrin family. Homozygous variants in <em>SPTBN4</em> disrupt the cytoskeletal machinery responsible for localization of ion channels and functioning of axonal domains, leading to neurological dysfunction.</p></div><div><h3>Case presentation</h3><p>Here, we report three siblings with a homozygous frameshift indel c.1799–1800delGC in the <em>SPTBN4</em>, all presenting with severe muscular hypotonia, dysphagia, absent or limited speech, delayed gross motor development, global developmental delay, and intellectual disability. This condition has been associated with numerous secondary features.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The phenotype reported in our family contributes to establishing the core symptoms associated with mutations in <em>SPTBN4</em>, with varying levels of developmental delay, intellectual disability, limited speech, and congenital hypotonia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000206/pdfft?md5=4070b94c4c5a287e3117999f7349b86a&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000206-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141593402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100042
Shria Sadhu, Nibal Albitar, Mai AlKhouly, Aqeel Farooque
{"title":"Mitchell-Riley Syndrome: A rare genetic disorder, case report","authors":"Shria Sadhu, Nibal Albitar, Mai AlKhouly, Aqeel Farooque","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitchell-Riley Syndrome (MRS), is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder due to recessive mutations of the <em>RFX6 gene</em>. It has a distinct clinical phenotype marked by neonatal diabetes and chronic diarrhoea, accompanied by various anomalies within the digestive system such as intestinal atresia/malrotation, pancreatic hypoplasia, biliary atresia, and gallbladder aplasia or hypoplasia, with or without cholestasis. Early identification will prompt the physician toward a genetic diagnosis, aggressive clinical management, and family counselling. We report a case of a male infant with neonatal diabetes and intestinal obstruction, with genetically confirmed RFX6 missense homozygous variant. Though our infant ultimately succumbed to gram positive <em>(Staphylococcus epidermidis)</em> septicaemia originating from an infected central venous catheter, multidisciplinary and intensive disease management overall improves the clinical outcome in patients with Mitchell-Riley Syndrome. This includes tailored parenteral/oral nutrition and the use of advanced diabetes technologies. This rare syndrome is usually fatal, with death within the first year of life in the majority of reported cases. Clinicians should consider the possibility of this rarely reported syndrome in the diagnosis of a newborn that presents with hyperglycaemia along with intestinal atresia and/or progressive cholestasis. A better understanding of RFX6 function among both intestine and pancreas cells is essential for the identification of using new drugs that could modulate the enteroendocrine system.</p></div><div><h3>Level of clinical evidence</h3><p>4</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100042"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000255/pdfft?md5=63dee1ee5d8ba096605a1da65596656d&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000255-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142083967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100028
Muhammad Talha , Mohammad Haris Ali
{"title":"FDA approves leniolisib (Joenja) as the first treatment for APDS: A breaththrough in the field of immunology","authors":"Muhammad Talha , Mohammad Haris Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rare.2024.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Activated PI3K delta Syndrome (APDS) is a rare genetic heterogeneous disorder initially identified in 2013. The primary cause of APDS is an immune imbalance leading to immune deficiency and dysregulation. Symptoms of APDS are diverse primarily including recurrent respiratory infections and increased predisposition to lymphoma. The disease is challenging to diagnose as patients are often misdiagnosed. Genetic testing can be used to make a confirmatory diagnosis. There were no FDA-approved treatments specifically targeting the root cause of APDS, PI3Kδ until the recent promising outcomes seen in the clinical trials of leniolisib. However, long term effects of the drug remain a concern as further research is required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000115/pdfft?md5=5984d6b8b2005a4a91468299407bac0a&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000115-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140554814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100036
Carlisle Ford Runge , James Campbell , Carlisle P. Runge , Reena V. Kartha
{"title":"Economics, externalities and rare disease","authors":"Carlisle Ford Runge , James Campbell , Carlisle P. Runge , Reena V. Kartha","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Special combined efforts addressing rare diseases should apply economic principles and methods to maximize returns to research and investment. Four opportunities exist: (1) exploiting treatment spillovers; (2) encouraging institutional networking and knowledge-sharing; (3) recognizing shared molecular and genetic etiologies; (4) organizing resulting clusters and baskets for scaling trials, research, diagnosis and treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S295000872400019X/pdfft?md5=e96d4097c41e3bb196c6eadec23f730a&pid=1-s2.0-S295000872400019X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141399069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100018
Philippe Pakter
{"title":"Rare disease care in Europe – Gaping unmet needs","authors":"Philippe Pakter","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Europe, which provides its citizens with the highest level of social protection in the world, the needs of rare disease patients remain fundamentally unmet. The overwhelming majority of rare diseases still have no treatment or cure; infant mortality is unspeakably high; and when a safe and effective rare disease treatment is developed, patient access can vary dramatically from one EU Member State to the next, raising basic questions of health equity. The goal of this article is to advocate for an ambitious and far-reaching reform of the EU’s Orphan Drug Regulation framework, by showing how very difficult things are for Europe’s rare disease patients, in so many different ways, and on so many different levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000012/pdfft?md5=5ae0dfbdb5da4406c14b01193eae3764&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000012-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139538742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy with TREX1 mutation: a rare entity with a new mutation","authors":"Michela Giacoma Pin , Lucia Corrado , Gionata Strigaro , Andrea Bianco , Mattia Bellan , Claudio Musetti , Letizia Mazzini , Roberto Cantello , Sandra D’Alfonso , Domizia Vecchio","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rare.2024.100032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Retinal vasculopathy with cerebral leukoencephalopathy and systemic manifestations (RVCL-S) is a rare autosomal dominant vasculopathy caused by heterozygous C-terminal truncating mutations in three-prime repair exonuclease (<em>TREX1</em>) gene. The clinical spectrum includes vascular retinopathy, focal brain dysfunctions and other systemic manifestations, including Raynaud phenomenon, anemia with gastrointestinal bleeding, hypothyroidism and liver and kidney diseases. We report the case of a 46-year-old Italian man with RVCL-S, initially misdiagnosed as glioma or cerebral lymphoma. The patient presented with a 5-day history of mild ideo-motor slowdown, subacute mild left hemiparesis and dysarthric speech. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a right temporo-insular large lesion with surrounding edema and inhomogeneous enhancement. One month later he presented focal motor seizures to his left side with subsequent generalization. He repeated a brain MRI showing a dimensional increase of the lesion (restricted at diffusion weighted imaging and enhanced peripherally). Medical history included microvascular liver disease, microvascular kidney disease, anemia, and scleroderma with Raynaud’s phenomenon. On oral steroids, a third brain MRI demonstrated volumetric reduction of the lesion with small nodular enhancement. Considering the pseudotumoral brain onset and the multisystemic involvement, RVCL-S was suspected and genetic analysis confirmed the presence of the new heterozygous mutation p.S267Qfs*57 in the C-terminal of the <em>TREX1</em> gene.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000152/pdfft?md5=6af9ff278294d83544c534f50b6d86b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000152-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140879899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RarePub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.rare.2024.100038
B.P.C. Hoppe , A.J. Breugom , H. Dik
{"title":"Recurrent GIST and pulmonary chondroid hamartoma: Case report of incomplete Carney triad","authors":"B.P.C. Hoppe , A.J. Breugom , H. Dik","doi":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rare.2024.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Carney triad describes the association of chondroid hamartoma, GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor) and paraganglioma. The Carney triad affects mainly (young) women, is not inherited and probably caused by deficiency of the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) enzyme. Deficiency of SDH-enzyme leads to hypermethylation of the whole genome in Carney triad associated tumors. This case demonstrates a woman with an incomplete Carney triad presenting with a recurrent GIST and symptomatic giant pulmonary chondroid hamartoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":101058,"journal":{"name":"Rare","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950008724000218/pdfft?md5=60198de33329fec206695b252062d6d6&pid=1-s2.0-S2950008724000218-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141952897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}