Obesity Pillars最新文献

{"title":"Leveraging the construct of physical literacy to promote physical activity for youth with obesity – A qualitative analysis of physical therapists’ perceptions","authors":"Matthew K. Paponetti ,&nbsp;Christin Zwolski ,&nbsp;Rose Porter ,&nbsp;Mark V. Paterno","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Promoting physical activity has been identified as a pillar of obesity treatment and prevention. However, youth with obesity often present with physical, affective, and environmental barriers to physical activity engagement. The construct of physical literacy, which has garnered international attention as a holistic approach to understanding human movement, may improve physical activity promotion strategies for youth with obesity. However, literature has shown that healthcare providers are not engaged with the construct of physical literacy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This qualitative study utilized a phenomenological approach and interpretivist epistemology. Three phases of data collection included member checks, semi-structured interviews, and a focus group with physical therapists treating youth with orthopedic and sport injuries. Simultaneous data collection and inductive analysis was designed to identify themes reflecting how participants utilized the construct of physical literacy to promote physical activity in a clinical setting.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four overarching themes were identified in our analysis as strategies for promoting activity and physical literacy development: 1) Movement Experience, 2) Individualized Care, 3) Movement Momentum, and 4) External Factors.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings from this study highlight the usefulness of applying a physical literacy lens within physical activity promotion efforts among youth, which may be particularly important for youth with obesity. A high value was placed on the affective and behavioral determinants of physical activity. By applying a physical literacy lens, healthcare providers treating youth with obesity may be better equipped to address barriers and promote participation in physical activities that are enjoyable and build confidence. The findings from this study provide a foundation for future studies examining how healthcare providers can leverage the construct of physical literacy to improve physical activity outcomes among youth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity, overweight and hyperglycemia among primary school children in a low-middle income country with a multiethnic population","authors":"Jerry R. Toelsie ,&nbsp;Frederika Morpurgo ,&nbsp;Ingrid Krishnadath ,&nbsp;Robbert Bipat","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The number of children with cardiovascular risk factors is increasing steadily. However, limited data are available on the prevalence of overweight, obesity, and hyperglycemia among children in low-middle-income countries with multiethnic populations. Therefore, we assessed these factors in a school-based survey in Suriname, a low-middle-income country.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We invited pupils of 5^th and 6^th grade visiting the primary school to participate in this survey. We used a questionnaire and face to face interviews, and conducted measurements to collect data on biological factors (ethnicity, sex, length, weight, waist circumference, and fasting blood glucose levels), behavior (frequency of physical activity, breakfast, bedtime, screentime), consumption (fruit and vegetables, snack, dairy products) and social factors (parental education, living area).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Overall, the percentage of children with overweight was 13.9%, obesity 13.3% and for elevated fasting blood glucose level (&gt; 6 mmol/L) 4.5%. In the investigated group of individuals, obesity and overweight were associated with sex (girls showed a lower OR of 0.54 [95%CI: 0.39–0.75] for obesity), ethnicity (Javanese 2.1, 1.5–3.0 for overweight and 5.0, 3.1–8.2 for obesity, Maroon 2.2, 1.2–4.1 and Mixed ethnicity 1.7, 1.1–2.6, for obesity compared to Hindustani), behavior (Skip Breakfast: 1.4, 1.2–1.7, physical activity: 0.8, 0.7–0.9) and maternal education level (high 1.7, 1.0–2.7). Children with elevated fasting blood glucose levels showed an association with obesity (1.8, 1.2–2.7) and waist circumference (1.02, 1.01–1.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The results show that there is a high prevalence for overweight, obesity and elevated fasting blood glucose among children in Suriname. Furthermore, during childhood ethnicity is associated with obesity and overweight. We suggest that the modifiable risk factors such as BMI, WC, behavior, consumption are interesting for early intervention in children in a developing country.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiometabolic risk: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2023","authors":"Harold Edward Bays ,&nbsp;Shagun Bindlish ,&nbsp;Tiffany Lowe Clayton","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) is intended to provide clinicians an overview of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), an obesity-related cardiometabolic risk factor.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The scientific support for this CPS is based upon published citations and clinical perspectives of OMA authors.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Topics include T2DM and obesity as cardiometabolic risk factors, definitions of obesity and adiposopathy, and mechanisms for how obesity causes insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction. Adipose tissue is an active immune and endocrine organ, whose adiposopathic obesity-mediated dysfunction contributes to metabolic abnormalities often encountered in clinical practice, including hyperglycemia (e.g., pre-diabetes mellitus and T2DM). The determination as to whether adiposopathy ultimately leads to clinical metabolic disease depends on crosstalk interactions and biometabolic responses of non-adipose tissue organs such as liver, muscle, pancreas, kidney, and brain.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This review is intended to assist clinicians in the care of patients with the disease of obesity and T2DM. This CPS provides a simplified overview of how obesity may cause insulin resistance, pre-diabetes, and T2DM. It also provides an algorithmic approach towards treatment of a patient with obesity and T2DM, with “treat obesity first” as a priority. Finally, treatment of obesity and T2DM might best focus upon therapies that not only improve the weight of patients, but also improve the health outcomes of patients (e.g., cardiovascular disease and cancer).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report of PLXNA4 variant associated with hyper-response to phentermine/topiramate pharmacotherapy: Potential genetic basis for superior weight loss response?","authors":"Maria Paszkowiak ,&nbsp;Madisen Fae Dorand ,&nbsp;Jesse Richards","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100059","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Once thought to be primarily a result of lifestyle, it is now known that obesity has significant genetic components. Dozens of genes have been linked to obesity, and office-based genetic testing for obesity-associated genes is now readily available. As both pharmacotherapy and genetic testing for obesity become more accessible, pharmacogenetic personalization is becoming a reality. In this case report, a patient with a PLXNA4 polymorphism had a superior weight loss response to phentermine/topiramate therapy than has previously been reported in the literature. Thus, variants in PLXNA4 may provide a genetic basis for this patient's superior response to weight loss pharmacotherapy and cardiovascular risk factor reduction.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this case study, office-based genetic testing was utilized to identify the presence of variants in nearly 80 genes that have been linked to obesity in a patient who had hyper-responsive weight loss results on phentermine/topiramate pharmacotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A variant of the PLXNA4 gene, which has known pathogenic variants linked to genetic obesity syndromes, was identified in this patient who had a superior weight loss response to phentermine/topiramate pharmacotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Due to overlapping molecular pathways, it is possible that PLXNA4 variants convey a superior weight-loss response and therefore superior cardiovascular risk factor reduction phentermine/topiramate therapy. Further studies are needed to examine the relationship between PLXNA4 variants and weight loss with phentermine/topiramate pharmacotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49712298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of normal weight obesity with lifestyle and dietary habits in young Thai women: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Minatsu Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Paponpat Pattarathitwat ,&nbsp;Apidech Pongprajakand ,&nbsp;Sikaret Kongkaew","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The risk of lifestyle-related diseases in normal weight obesity (NWO), a condition, in which the body mass index (BMI) is normal but the body fat mass is high, has attracted a lot of attention. However, there are no reports on the association between NWO and lifestyle, eating habits, and other health risks in Thai people. BMI alone cannot be used to identify individuals with NWO; thus, some students with NWO develop metabolic abnormalities without receiving any intervention. This study aimed to examine the differences in anthropometrics, lifestyle, and eating habits among young Thai women and their association with the BMI and the body fat ratio (BFR).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 250 female Thai university students of normal body type (18.5 ≤ BMI&lt;25.0 kg/m²) were classified as having non-normal weight obesity (NO-NWO) if their BFR was &lt;30.0% or NWO if their BMI and BFR were &gt;30.0%. The lifestyle and eating habits of the two groups were compared. We conducted logistic analysis with the presence or absence of NWO as the dependent variable, and the dietary habit items of “eating greasy foods,” “eating ultra-processed foods (UPF),” and “drinking sweetened beverages” as the objective variables.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the study participants who were of normal body type, 46.8% were NWO. The participants in the NWO group consumed UPF more frequently (odds ratio [OR], 2.04; p = 0.014) and sweetened beverages more regularly (OR, 1.92, p = 0.041) than those in the NO-NWO group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>UPF and sweetened beverage consumption was more common in individuals with NWO. Identifying the risk factors for NWO is essential to help individuals make lifestyle changes to prevent its progression and complications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49730056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motivational and self-regulatory processes associated with weight-related parenting behaviors","authors":"Bridgette Do ,&nbsp;Nanette V. Lopez ,&nbsp;Genevieve F. Dunton ,&nbsp;Tyler B. Mason","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Parents play an influential role on their child’s eating and physical activity. How maternal personality and individual differences, such as motivation and self-regulation, are associated with their weight-related parenting has yet to be studied. The current study examined relationships of mothers’ motivational and self-regulatory characteristics with weight-related parenting practices.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Mothers (<em>N</em> = 149, <em>M</em>_<em>Age</em> = 42.78 years, 49% Hispanic/Latino) of school-aged children (ages 10-14 years, 55.7% female) completed questionnaires assessing behavioral inhibition system/behavioral activation system (BIS/BAS), self-control, and weight-related parenting practices (i.e., role modeling, food restriction, rule enforcement, limiting, discipline, pressure to eat). Structural equation modeling examined associations of BIS, BAS, and self-control with parenting practices.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among mothers, higher avoidance motivation was associated with difficulty with rule enforcement. Higher approach motivation was associated with less limiting of unhealthy food and sedentary behavior. Higher self-control predicted more role modeling and less difficulty with rule enforcement.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Findings support associations of maternal motivational and self-regulatory processes with weight-related parenting behaviors. Results may inform tailored strategies based on individual differences for family-based interventions for parenting.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49706243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Social consequences and genetics for the child with overweight and obesity: An obesity medicine association (OMA) clinical practice statement 2022” [Obes. Pillars 3 (2022) 100032]","authors":"Suzanne Cuda ,&nbsp;Marisa Censani ,&nbsp;Roohi Kharofa ,&nbsp;Dominique R. Williams ,&nbsp;Valerie O'Hara ,&nbsp;Sara Karjoo ,&nbsp;Jennifer Paisley ,&nbsp;Nancy T. Browne","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000286/pdfft?md5=19293c8518122228d0925b7f7b424258&pid=1-s2.0-S2667368122000286-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80730472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress, psychiatric disease, and obesity: An Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) 2022","authors":"Sandra M. Christensen ,&nbsp;Catherine Varney ,&nbsp;Vivek Gupta ,&nbsp;Lori Wenz ,&nbsp;Harold Edward Bays","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Previous Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statements (CPS) included topics such as behavior modification, motivational interviewing, and eating disorders, as well as the effect of concomitant medications on weight gain/reduction (i.e., including psychiatric medications). This OMA CPS provides clinicians a more focused overview of stress and psychiatric disease as they relate to obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The scientific support for this <span>CPS</span> is based upon published citations, clinical perspectives of <span>OMA</span> authors, and peer review by the Obesity Medicine Association leadership.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Topics in this CPS include the relationship between psychological stress and obesity, including both acute and chronic stress. Additionally, this CPS describes the neurobiological pathways regarding stress and addiction-like eating behavior and explores the relationship between psychiatric disease and obesity, with an overview of psychiatric medications and their potential effects on weight gain and weight reduction.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This Obesity Medicine Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement (CPS) on stress and psychiatric disease is one of a series of OMA CPSs designed to assist clinicians in the care of patients with the disease of obesity. Knowledge of stress, addiction-like eating behavior, psychiatric disease, and effects of psychiatric medications on body weight may improve the care obesity medicine clinicians provide to their patients with obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000328/pdfft?md5=9d0b8f8ad1e906f08d642fff619235b8&pid=1-s2.0-S2667368122000328-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81567814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Nutritional and activity recommendations for the child with normal weight, overweight, and obesity with consideration of food insecurity: An Obesity Medical Association (OMA) Clinical Practice Statement 2022” [Obesity Pillars 2 (2022) 100012]","authors":"Nancy T. Browne ,&nbsp;Suzanne E. Cuda","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100036","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000274/pdfft?md5=8b9d7e89a2dc4065944a22200f360151&pid=1-s2.0-S2667368122000274-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90832985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased cardiovascular risk factors and inflammation with remission of type 2 diabetes in adults with obesity using a high protein diet: Randomized control trial","authors":"Frankie B. Stentz,&nbsp;Damon Lawson,&nbsp;Sidney Tucker,&nbsp;John Christman,&nbsp;Chris Sands","doi":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obpill.2022.100047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The study objective was to determine the effects a high protein (HP) vs. a high carbohydrate (HC) diet on cardiovascular risk factors (CVR), inflammation, metabolic parameters, oxidative stress, weight loss, lean and fat body mass, and remission of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) in subjects with obesity.</p></div><div><h3>Research design and methods</h3><p>Twelve women and men with T2D were recruited and randomized to either a HP (30%protein, 30%fat, 40%carbohydrate) (n = 6) or HC (15%protein, 30%fat, 55%carbohydrate) (n = 6) diet feeding study for 6 months in this randomized controlled trial. All meals were purchased at local grocery stores and provided to subjects for 6 months with daily food menus for HP or HC compliance with weekly food pick-up and weight measurements. Oral glucose tolerance and meal tolerance tests with glucose and insulin measurements and DXA scans were done at baseline and after 6 months on the respective diets.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>After 6 months on the HP diet, 100% of the subjects had remission of their T2DM to Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT), whereas only 16.6% of subjects on the HC diet had remission of their T2DM. The HP diet group exhibited significant improvement in a) cardiovascular risk factors (p = 0.004, b) inflammatory cytokines(p = 0.001), c) insulin sensitivity(p = 0.001), d) oxidative stress(p = 0.001), e) increased %lean body mass(p = 0.001) compared to the HC diet group at 6 months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A significant improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, inflammation, metabolic parameters and 100% remission of T2DM to NGT was achieved with a HP diet compared to a HC diet at 6 months.</p></div><div><h3>Clinicaltrials.gov. identifier</h3><p>NCT01642849.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100977,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Pillars","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667368122000389/pdfft?md5=67a18b4059407e6b870b1ed37f9f0741&pid=1-s2.0-S2667368122000389-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81513612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}