International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Geotechnical centrifuge studies in earthquake engineering","authors":"R.F. Scott","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90033-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90033-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 4","pages":"Page 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90033-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85425481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of deformation during cyclic undrained loading of saturated sands","authors":"Y.P. Vaid,&nbsp;J.C. Chern","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90014-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90014-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Laboratory cyclic loading tests have provided most of our understanding of the response of saturated sands under earthquake loading. In many cases, however, the interest has centered on relating the resistance to liquefaction to the number of cycles of loading. Few attempts have been made to examine in detail the response within cycles of loading. Such an examination is essential for a fundamental understanding of the processes leading to porewater pressure and strain development or liquefaction.</p><p>To satisfy the need for practical applications, a close simulation of the stress condition on soil elements in the field, both prior to and during an earthquake, has been emphasized in all cyclic loading studies. Thus, cyclic triaxial tests on isotropically consolidated samples or cyclic simple shear tests on one-dimensionally consolidated samples have been used to simulate stress conditions below level ground. On a soil element below level ground, there are no initial static shear stresses on horizontal planes prior to earthquake loading. On the other hand, soil elements beneath sloping ground or under a loaded structure are subjected to initial static shear stresses on horizontal planes prior to earthquake loading. The stress conditions in these soil elements have been simulated by cyclic loading triaxial tests on anisotropically consolidated samples or cyclic simple shear tests with initial static shear stress prior to cyclic loading.</p><p>The present study is aimed at obtaining a better understanding of the mechanism of deformation and porewater pressure generation during cyclic undrained loading of saturated sand. The study was performed using the cyclic triaxial test. A range of relative densities and both isotropically and anisotropically consolidated samples were tested in order to simulate the practical stress condition under level and as well as sloping ground. A natural by-product of the study is the basic data on the influence of initial static shear on resistance to liquefaction over a range of relative densities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 171-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90014-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79652721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Constitutive Laws for Engineering Materials: Theory and Application","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90020-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90020-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Page 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90020-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measures of strong ground motion derived from a stochastic source model","authors":"E. Faccioli","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90010-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90010-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Taking the seismic spectrum of a ‘statistical’ source model¹ as the point of departure, we arrive at simple expressions for strong motion measures of engineering significance. Introducing inelastic attenuation through a frequency dependent <em>Q</em>-factor, the following relation is obtained for root-mean-square acceleration <span><math><mtext>a</mtext></math></span>: <span><span><span><math><mtext>a</mtext><mtext>̄</mtext><mtext>≅</mtext><mtext>M</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>o</mn></msub><mtext>aπρβ</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mtext>exp</mtext><mtext>(−qR)</mtext><mtext>R</mtext><mtext>k</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>−1</mn></msup><msub><mi></mi><mn>T</mn></msub><mtext>T</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>r</mn></msub><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext><mtext>k</mtext><msup><mi></mi><mn>3</mn></msup><msub><mi></mi><mn>T</mn></msub><mtext>[D</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>a</mn></msub><mtext>(θ)]</mtext><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></math></span></span></span> where <em>M</em>₀ is seismic moment, β is shear-wave velocity, <em>R</em> is distance, <em>k</em>_<em>T</em>⁻¹ is the correlation time of the model, <em>q</em> is an attenuation parameter, <em>T</em>_<em>r</em> is the rupture duration, and <em>D</em>_<em>a</em>(<em>Δ</em>) is a directivity factor. The basic parameter <em>k</em>_<em>T</em>⁻¹ is estimated by regressing the Arias intensities of representative accelerograms from Italy and Yugoslavia through the analytical expression derived herein. The regression analysis shows that (a) <em>k</em>_<em>T</em>⁻¹ scales as <em>M</em>₀^0.26; (b) the ratio <em>k</em>_<em>T</em>⁻¹/<em>T</em>_<em>r</em> is virtually independent of <em>M</em>₀ so that <span><math><mtext>a</mtext><mtext> α M</mtext><msub><mi></mi><mn>0</mn></msub><msup><mi></mi><mn>0.23</mn></msup></math></span>, and (c) the fit is improved when directivity is accounted for.</p><p>We also find that estimated values of <em>k</em>_<em>T</em>⁻¹ are grossly consistent with dimensions of source inhomogeneities inferred from other models.</p><p>Predicted and observed values of <span><math><mtext>a</mtext></math></span> agree within a factor of 1.5 about 85% of the time for a total sample of 49 data which also includes a group of San Fernando earthquake recordings and an important accelerogram from the 1978 Miyagi-oki event.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 135-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90010-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81867923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural vibration analysis: Modelling, analysis and damping of vibration structures","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90015-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90015-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Page 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90015-3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-dimensional analysis of the effect of fault rupture on buildings with shallow foundations","authors":"J.B. Berrill","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90012-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90012-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The behaviour of a building founded on a soil layer overlying a strike-slip fault in basement rock is studied to determine conditions under which rupture will be diverted around the structure. The problem is simplified by assuming the structure is long in the direction of the fault strike and by approximating increases in normal stress in the soil due to building weight by increases in mean stress. Closed-form expressions are obtained for work done on the soil-structure system by a unit offset on the fault, under alternative modes of failure. The main result is that rupture will be diverted around the structure provided bearing stresses are sufficiently great. Otherwise, with light structures, vertical rupture will occur in the soil, with the structure either slipping on its foundation or the foundation itself rupturing, depending upon its strength. These results are verified qualitatively by model tests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 156-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90012-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84505244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of inclusion through surface strong ground motion","authors":"Marijan Dravinski","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90011-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90011-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Steady-state wave motion in a half-space with an elastic inclusion of arbitrary shape subjected to a surface line load is investigated. Material of the half-space and the inclusion is assumed to be linearly elastic, homogeneous, and isotropic. Displacement field is evaluated throughout the elastic media by using a boundary integral method so that the continuity conditions between the half-space and the inclusion are satisfied in the mean square-sense.</p><p>Surface displacement results are presented for an elliptic inclusion of arbitrary orientation. A wide range of parameters in the problem is considered. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. Higher frequency of input motion resulted in greater sensitivity of the surface motion to the shape of the inclusion. 2. Difference in surface response for different shapes of inclusion decreases with increased depth of the scatterer. 3. For load not placed directly atop the inclusion, the surface displacement field exhibits different patterns for different inclusions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 150-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90011-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88351207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of kinematic interaction of soil-foundation systems by a stochastic model","authors":"Masaru Hoshiya,&nbsp;Kiyoshi Ishii","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90009-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90009-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At the present practice, the earthquake response analysis of structures is generally based on an assumption that the ground just beneath a foundation vibrates in the same phase and with the same amplitude everywhere. However, it is very doubtful that a structure vibrates as if it were set on a shaking table. As the foundation slab, which is relatively stiff compared with the soil, works to constrain such ground motions, short period components of the ground motions whose wave length is short to the dimension of the slab are naturally weakened. Consequently the slab has the effect of a kind of low pass filter on the ground motions. This effect is called ‘kinematic interaction’.¹ In the past, many studies have been made on the kinematic interaction both theoretically and experimentally,^2–9 and characteristics of the kinematic interaction have become clearer. However, since the effect of kinematic interaction is so complicated to depend totally on a geometrical pattern of a foundation slab, ground characteristics and the excitation, further researches are needed for incorporation of the effect into dynamic design practice.</p><p>This paper formulates the kinematic interaction of embedded rectangular foundations by the random vibration theory, and discusses the effect by examining field data obtained in earthquakes. Since the formulation is based on the fact that statistical correlation of ground motions at different points decreases as the distance between the different points increase, and especially when components of high frequency are contained in ground motions, characteristics of mutual correlations of the motions of different points are first investigated. Next, the formulation of the kinematic interaction is investigated. In order to justify a low pass filter by this stochastic model, earthquake records observed at a large scale inground tank and a foundation, whose material is cement-mixed soil-improved-ground, are analysed as examples of deep and shallow embedded foundations respectively. Also the filtering effect on microtermor records observed at a reinforced concrete four-storey school building are investigated as another example of more general structures.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Pages 128-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90009-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89412525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The boundary integral equation method for porous media flow","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90018-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90018-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Page 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90018-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent developments in the explanation and prediction of erosion and sediment yield","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0261-7277(83)90021-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90021-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100715,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering","volume":"2 3","pages":"Page 178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1983-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0261-7277(83)90021-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137089879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}