IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering最新文献_第6页

Scaling and Critical Phenomena In Nature 尺度与自然中的临界现象

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCISE.2003.1225866

J. Rundle

引用次数: 1

From the Editors: Reproduced and Reproducible Results 来自编辑:可复制和可重复的结果

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-09-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10005

F. Sullivan

引用次数: 0

Computational Science: We'll Know It When We See It 计算科学:当我们看到它时，我们就会知道它

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-07-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10004

F. Sullivan

{"title":"Computational Science: We'll Know It When We See It","authors":"F. Sullivan","doi":"10.1109/MCSE.2003.10004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2003.10004","url":null,"abstract":"the ones I took as an undergraduate a few decades ago. (Digression: it’s time to start computing dates in “Jack Benny time units.” In such units, my courses were a few months ago.) Several things about these courses struck me as worthy of note. At first glance, some of the topics in the chemistry courses looked to me like the ones I’d had in physics courses. But I checked my old textbooks and found that I was wrong. The basic notions of quantum theory and statistical mechanics have been part of the undergraduate chemistry curriculum for a long time. Once I’d started rummaging through old texts, it was hard to stop. That’s why it’s important not to look at anything when trying to clear out old files and papers. If you look at it, it becomes a treasure. Anyhow, I began to notice other things about my old textbooks. Modern books are bigger—much bigger—than older ones. Observation of many bright summer interns tells me that this is not because students used to be smarter. I suspect that current technology creates the opportunity for including lots of fancy and informative graphics at moderate cost. There’s also the fear of leaving out something important. To see this at work, just try plotting the number of pages of some well-known text as a function of number of new editions of that text. A more important change is that lots of topics that were once considered “advanced” have migrated into “elementary” texts. While I believe that we really do learn everything important when we’re very, very young, I doubt that this is the reason for the change. As time goes on, and new subjects are understood better, they simply seem to become more, well, simple. The most important thing I noticed is that, in some sense at least, chemistry really has become physics, and so have some branches of biology. To put it more accurately, subjects that used to be thought of as separate and distinct are merging. And the place where they meet is in computation. All three subjects—physics, chemistry, and biology—are now deeply dependent on computation as their principal research tool, as are many other research subjects. The theme articles in this issue of CiSE contain several very good illustrations of this fact for the case of computational chemistry. Other theme issues have given other illustrations. Computational science has become the universal language of all other sciences. But what is computational science itself? Naturally, I can’t answer this question. However, thinking about it and trying to formulate at least part of the answer is a good task for everyone in the field. In my opinion, the definition of computational science is tied up with the description of how to train someone to be a computational scientist. If we know what constitutes education in a subject, we must have at least some idea of what the subject is. Many universities are now starting programs in computational science. CiSE will certainly be one forum for discussion of these programs, and some of the","PeriodicalId":100659,"journal":{"name":"IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73920522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The universal virus database ICTVdB 通用病毒数据库ICTVdB

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCISE.2003.1196303

C. Buchen-Osmond

引用次数: 54

How Right You Are 你是多么正确

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10003

F. Sullivan

引用次数: 2

A Look at Lattice Boltzmann Equations: The Lattice Boltzmann Equation: For Fluid Dynamics and Beyond 点阵玻尔兹曼方程:点阵玻尔兹曼方程:流体力学及其他

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-03-25 DOI: 10.1109/MCISE.2003.1182967

B. Boghosian

引用次数: 1

From the Editors: Less Is More (Is Less) 编辑:Less Is More(少即是多)

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10002

F. Sullivan

引用次数: 0

Out on a LIMS (And Other Arboreal Features) 在LIMS上(和其他树木特征)

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10000

D. Shirer

{"title":"Out on a LIMS (And Other Arboreal Features)","authors":"D. Shirer","doi":"10.1109/MCSE.2003.10000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2003.10000","url":null,"abstract":"LIMS For several years I have been searching unsuccessfully for someone to review laboratory information management systems (LIMS) for this column. After looking into the subject myself, I can better appreciate why. The topic is so important and complex that books could be written about it; indeed , they have been. 1 Briefly, LIMS software helps laboratories schedule procedures , process and track samples and test results, collect analytical data, organize reports, and facilitate instrument checking and calibration. Modern LIMS can be enormous and almost impossible to review without a specific application in mind. Luckily, my correspondents tell me that a wealth of information is already available to prospective users. Instead of reviewing a particular vendor's offering as usual, I thus offer you a brief guide to more information on these essential systems. Originally developed in-house by individual analytical laboratories, customized solutions were eventually supplanted by commercial LIMS products developed by commercial instrument makers—primarily to get users for their own analytical tools. These systems often ran on minicom-puter controllers or mainframes, but general-purpose systems that ran on networked desktops and handheld entry stations that could be tailored to the needs of many users eventually became available. Two short summaries of LIMS development can be found online: Alan McLelland's \" LIMS—Laboratory Toy or a Critical IT Component? \" (Management System \" (www.umsl.edu/~sauter/analysis/ LIMS_example.html). Modern LIMS products are extensive systems with linked databases that let researchers standardize data reporting methods and automatically collect data from instruments such as spectrometers and cromatographs. They also facilitate strengthened security by maintaining data validation, certification, audit trails, quality-control analysis, and record archiving. LIMS have become essential tools for many biological and chemical laboratories and manufacturing plants, as well as the pharmaceutical and petroleum industries and anyone else who needs to analyze and process massive amounts of test data. Because setting up a new LIMS can involve considerable reorganization of a firm's procedures, you should not underestimate the time necessary for installing the system and training employees. In fact, it is probably a good idea to involve representatives from each department from the start to ensure that no unpleasant surprises result during the changeover. Several firms provide third-party analyses of your needs for a laboratory management system. You can find them with a Google search for \" LIMS evaluation. \" Further information on this important topic is available at www.limsource.com, which features a large collection of resources, …","PeriodicalId":100659,"journal":{"name":"IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87246017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From the Editors: Frankenstein Jr. 来自编辑:小弗兰肯斯坦。

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2003-01-01 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2003.10001

F. Sullivan

引用次数: 0

Book and Web Reviews 书籍和网络评论

IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering Pub Date : 2002-11-15 DOI: 10.1109/MCSE.2002.10006

D. Bailey, G. Cybenko

{"title":"Book and Web Reviews","authors":"D. Bailey, G. Cybenko","doi":"10.1109/MCSE.2002.10006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2002.10006","url":null,"abstract":"Rarely do pundits focus on the law as a problem in America's response to terrorism. Indeed, both sides quickly claim that the law supports them, hence no change is necessary. The authors view this as too simplistic, and see legal interpretation as having real consequences on the War on Terror. They argue that the Courts should give deference to what the Executive Branch regards as the proper response to an emergency situation owing to its greater availability of information and resources to attack the problem, and the lack of information sources and skill in foreign policy that most judges possess. They argue against any stance other than deference and it is a tribute to their reasoning that they largely succeed in their efforts, with the exception of one convoluted chapter regarding coercive interrogation. How can one argue against an anti-terror policy based exclusively on the rule of law and constrained by due process? The authors do so by consulting the historical record and retrieving ideas from branches of social science. How the book justifies its views is perhaps more useful for readers than even the measures it advocates for the War on Terror. Going back to the Civil War, the authors repeatedly demonstrate that the Courts have tried to balance the security of the state against the rights of the accused. When the Taney Court tried to block Lincoln from rounding up southern sympathizers in Maryland, not only did Lincoln ignore the Court and suspend habeas corpus, but he later got the war-time Congress (free of southerners with Republicans in the majority) to legalize what he did. In short, when there is a palpable threat to the State that establishes the Courts, the Courts have tended to let the Executive Branch do what it says is necessary. The authors acknowledgehowever that this sliding scale alsomoves in the other directionwhen the palpable threat lessens, as in the cases that largely reversed the Smith Act after the Red Scare of the 1950s passed. Even duringwar time, defendants canmake a vigorous defense as in the Dilling case where Nazi sympathizers were prosecuted under the Smith Act during WWII and the defense “...objected to every act of the prosecutor and disputed every ruling of the judge...” (p. 239), and the case came to an end with the abrupt death of the exhausted judge and the dismissal of the case by the new judge. The first part of the book examines major theories of national security law and the chapters go by the titles of Panic Theory, Democratic Failure Theory, and Ratchet Theory, which by their names describe why the law reacts the way it does to national security threats. The last half of the book looks at applications of these theories to law such as Alternatives to Judicial Deference, Speech, Due Process and Political Trials, and Military Force, but the most interesting of these chapters is the one on Coercive Interrogation. However convincing the rest of the book is, the authors themselves seem to lack conviction","PeriodicalId":100659,"journal":{"name":"IMPACT of Computing in Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83455165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0