Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacokinetic study of once-daily formulation of tacrolimus (Advagraf) in stable Chinese kidney transplant recipients","authors":"Terry King-Wing Ma, Kai Ming Chow, Phyllis Mei-Shan Cheng, Bonnie Ching-Ha Kwan, Chi Bon Leung, Philip Kam-Tao Li, Cheuk Chun Szeto","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><p>The objective of this study is to determine whether tacrolimus trough level is appropriate for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of Advagraf in stable Chinese kidney transplant recipients (KTRs).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this single-center pharmacokinetic study, stable adult Chinese KTRs on Advagraf were recruited and their blood tacrolimus levels measured at 12 time points within 24 hours. Trough level was defined as predose drug level (<em>C</em><sub>0</sub>). The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using standardized noncompartmental methods. Drug exposure, defined as 24-hour area under the curve (AUC<sub>0–24</sub>), was calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. Whole blood tacrolimus level measurement was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrophotometry.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Fourteen patients (8 males; mean age, 47.1 ± 9.2 years; mean duration of transplant, 8.3 ± 3.6 years) completed the study. The mean <em>C</em><sub>0</sub> was 4.4 ± 1.9 ng/mL, and the mean AUC<sub>0–24</sub> was 143.8 ± 57.0 ng h/mL. The mean maximum concentration (<em>C</em><sub>max</sub>) was 10.2 ± 3.9 ng/mL, and the median time to <em>C</em><sub>max</sub> was 2.0 hours (interquartile range, 1.0–3.0 hours). There was a strong correlation between <em>C</em><sub>0</sub> and AUC<sub>0–24</sub> (<em>r</em> = 0.90, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Patients receiving diltiazem had higher mean AUC<sub>0–24</sub> (153.0 ± 55.3 ng h/mL vs. 110.1 ± 60.1 ng h/mL) despite a lower dose (mean tacrolimus dose, 0.039 ± 0.022 mg/kg/d vs. 0.054 ± 0.021 mg/kg/d), although both differences did not reach statistical significance. Apart from <em>C</em><sub>0</sub>, tacrolimus level obtained from 6 hours to 12 hours (<em>C</em><sub>6</sub> to <em>C</em><sub>12</sub>) also had good correlation with AUC<sub>0–24</sub>.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Tacrolimus trough level is a good surrogate marker for TDM of Advagraf in stable Chinese KTRs. The role of <em>C</em><sub>6</sub> to <em>C</em><sub>12</sub> in TDM remains to be determined.</p></div><div><h3>背景 / 目的</h3><p>本研究旨在調查在病情穩定的華裔腎臟移植接受者 (KTRs) 間,Cmin 是否適用於藥物血中濃度監測 (TDM)。</p></div><div><h3>方法</h3><p>在這一項單中心藥物動力學研究中,對象為病情穩定的華裔 KTRs,在 24 小時內 12 個時間點接受了動脈血的取樣,谷值的定義為服藥前藥物濃度 (C0)。藥物動力學參數的計算是採用標準化無房室模式,AUC0–24 的計算採用線性梯形方式。全血 tacrolimus 濃度的測量儀器,則是採用高效能液相色層分析串聯質譜儀 (HPLCMS/MS)。</p></div><div><h3>結果</h3><p>本研究共納入 14 位服用 Advagraf<sup>®</sup> 的病人,平均 C0 為 4.4 ± 1.9 ng/ml,平均 AUC0–24 為 143.8 ± 57.0 ng·h/ml,平均最高濃度 Cmax 為 10.2 ± 3.9 ng/ml,達到 Cmax 的時間中位數 tmax 則為 2.0 小時 (四分位數間距 1.0–3.0 小時);C0 與 AUC0–24 存在明顯的相關性 (<em>r</em> = 0.90、<em>p</em> < 0.001)。在接受 diltiazem 的病人中,平均 AUC0–24 較高 (153.0 ± 55.3 ng·h/ml vs. 110.1 ± 60.1 ng·h/ml),即使他們服用較低的 tacrolimus 劑量 (平均劑量 0.039 ± 0.022 mg/kg/day vs. 0.054 ± 0.021 mg/kg/day);這兩種差異未達統計學意義。除了 C0 之外,6 至 12 小時 (C6 to C12) 之 tacrolimus 濃度亦與 AUC0–24 存在顯著的相關性。</p></div><div><h3>結論</h3><p>對於病情穩定的華裔 KTRs,tacrolimus 谷值乃 AUC0–24 的一個","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.03.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77291284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analysis of patients with primary and secondary glomerular diseases: A single-center experience","authors":"Yavuz Ayar ,&nbsp;Alparslan Ersoy ,&nbsp;Emel Isiktas ,&nbsp;Gokhan Ocakoglu ,&nbsp;Abdulmecit Yildiz ,&nbsp;Aysegül Oruc ,&nbsp;Dilay Demirayak ,&nbsp;Ismail Bayrakci ,&nbsp;Hakan Duger ,&nbsp;Tugba Bozbudak","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><p>Glomerulonephritis is among the most important group of diseases causing end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The prevalence of glomerulonephritis varies depending on age, sex, geographical features, etc. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical and laboratory parameters of patients who underwent renal biopsy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this retrospective study, demographic and clinical characteristics, specific diagnoses of glomerular diseases, and biopsy findings of all patients in whom native renal biopsy was performed in our hospital between January 2009 and December 2014 were analyzed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 384 patients were divided into two groups as primary glomerular diseases (PGD) and secondary glomerular diseases (SGD). Some 37.1% of patients with PGD and 49.2% of patients with SGD were female. The mean age was 43.8 ± 14.1 years in the PGD group and 47.3 ± 16.1 years in the SGD group (<em>p</em> = 0.044). Nephrotic syndrome in the PGD group and unexplained renal dysfunction in the SGD group were observed more frequently at the time of admission. In the SGD group, biopsy findings (crescents, sclerosis, vascular involvement, etc.) were dominant and more pronounced (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). In the PGD group, responsiveness to the therapy was higher than in the SGD group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Mortality rates were 2.27% in the PGD group and 18.3% in the SGD group. According to the multivariate analysis, the increase of creatinine level after treatment (odds ratio 1.49) and presence of SGD (odds ratio 7.74) were independent risk factors for patient death (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present study showed important data about the etiology, clinical findings, follow ups, and prognosis of PGD and SGD among adults in our center. We observed that mortality was higher in patients with SGD.</p></div><div><h3>背景 / 目的</h3><p>腎小球腎炎是導致末期腎病 (ESRD) 的最重要疾病,其盛行率與年齡、性別、及地域特性有關。在本研究中,我們在接受腎臟組織活檢的腎小球疾病患者間,對相關的臨床及檢驗特徵進行了調查。</p></div><div><h3>方法</h3><p>在本回溯性研究中,對象為於 2009 年 1 月至 2014 年 12 月期間,在本院接受自身腎臟組織活檢的病人。我們對其人口學與臨床特徵、腎小球疾病診斷、及活檢結果進行了分析。</p></div><div><h3>結果</h3><p>調查對象為 384 位原發性腎小球疾病 (PGD) 或次發性腎小球疾病 (SGD) 患者。在 PGD 及 SGD 組別中,女性比例分別佔 37.1% 及 49.2%,平均年齡分別為 43.8 ± 14.1 歲及 47.3 ± 16.1 歲 (<em>p</em> = 0.044)。入院時,PGD 組以腎病症候群較常見,SGD 組則以原因不明之腎臟功能障礙較常見。在 SGD 組間,活檢結果較多樣化 (新月形、硬化、血管病變等) 且較明顯 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001)。治療反應比率以 PGD 組高於 SGD 組 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001),死亡率分別為 PGD 組的 2.27% 及 SGD 組的 18.3%。多變項分析顯示,治療後肌酸酐的增加 (OR 1.49)、及 SGD 的存在 (OR 7.74) 是病人死亡的獨立危險因子 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001)。</p></div><div><h3>結論</h3><p>對於本中心的 PGD 與 SGD 成年患者,本研究提供了成因、臨床表現、追蹤、及預後等方面的重要數據,並觀察到 SGD 患者的死亡率較高。</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 28-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79508208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mission accomplished","authors":"Alex W. Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Page A12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136555427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carotid intima-media thickness in kidney transplant recipients","authors":"Rizna Abdul Cader ,&nbsp;Noor Izyani Zakaria ,&nbsp;Yazmin Yaacob ,&nbsp;Shamsul Azhar Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background/Purpose&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality among kidney transplant recipients. Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) of the common carotid artery is a surrogate marker for early atherosclerosis. We wanted to compare the prevalence of increased CIMT among kidney transplant recipients with matched controls and its association with clinical and laboratory parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;A comparative cross-sectional study involving kidney transplant recipients and controls matched for age, sex, chronic kidney disease staging, and cardiovascular risks was used. CIMT measurements were done using carotid ultrasound and considered increased if &gt;75&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; percentile matched for age- and sex-matched normal controls. Standard laboratory investigations, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and asymmetric diamethylarginine were analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Thirty-six kidney transplant recipients (25 men, 11 women) with a median age of 41 years [interquartile range (IQR), 38–52 years] and 36 matched controls with a median age of 44 years (IQR, 37–53 years) were enrolled. There were no demographic differences between the two groups. Kidney transplant recipients had a significantly increased CIMT, 0.8 mm (IQR, 0.6–0.9) compared to matched-controls 0.55 mm (IQR, 0.5–0.7, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.001). Two thirds of kidney transplant recipients had increased CIMT, which was associated with a higher low density lipoprotein (LDL) (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.022) and higher hemoglobin (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.006). Smoking status (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.058) and male sex (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt;!--&gt;=&lt;!--&gt; &lt;!--&gt;0.073) had a trend towards significance to increased CIMT. Multiple linear stepwise regression demonstrated both age and hemoglobin were independent predictors of CIMT (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001). We found no relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and asymmetric diamethylarginine with CIMT.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;CIMT among our kidney transplant recipients was significantly higher compared to controls thereby increasing their cardiovascular risk.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;背景&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;心血管疾病是腎臟移植接受者的主要死因,總頸動脈的內膜中膜厚度 (CIMT) 則是早期動脈粥樣硬化的替代性指標。在本研究中,我們比較了 CIMT 增厚於腎臟移植接受者與匹配對照組之間的盛行率,並調查了 CIMT 與臨床及實驗室參數之間的關聯。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;方法&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;這是一項橫斷式比較性研究,涉及的對象包括腎臟移植接受者、及與其匹配 (年齡、性別、慢性腎病分期及心血管風險) 的對照者。CIMT 以頸動脈超音波測量,增厚的定義為對應年齡性別匹配正常對照組之 &gt; 75&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; 百分位數。其他測量項目除了標準實驗室參數外,亦包括高敏感度 C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) 及 asymmetric diamethylarginine (ADMA)。&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;結果&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;分析對象包括 36 位年齡中位數 41 歲 (38,52) 之腎臟移植接受者 (25 男、11 女) 及 36 位年齡中位數 44 歲 (37,53) 之匹配對照者,兩組間的人口學特徵並無不同。腎臟移植接受者之 CIMT 為0.8 mm (0.6,0.9 mm),明顯高於匹配對照者之 0.55 mm (0.5,0.7 mm) (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.001)。腎臟移植接受者之間,3 分之 2 呈現 CIMT 增厚的情形,較厚的 CIMT 與較高的低密度脂蛋白 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.022) 及較高的血色素 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.006) 有關。吸煙狀況 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.058) 及男性性別 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.073) 亦有傾向與 CIMT 增厚有關。多變項線性逐步迴歸分析顯示,年齡及血色素均是CIMT的獨立預測因子 (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 36-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88884974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to say goodbye","authors":"Sing Leung Lui","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages A10-A11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88678261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"So long, farewell, auf wiedersehen, adieu—Au revoir to our beloved journal","authors":"Desmond Y.H. Yap","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Page A7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73122460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farewell","authors":"Cheuk-Chun Szeto","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"19 ","pages":"Page A1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136555062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECE1 gene variant shows tendency toward chronic kidney disease advancement among autosomal polycystic kidney disease patients","authors":"Shiva Nagendra Reddy Annapareddy ,&nbsp;Vinuutna Sravani Kumbakonam ,&nbsp;Ramprasad Elumalai ,&nbsp;Gnanasambandan Ramanathan ,&nbsp;Soundararajan Periyasamy ,&nbsp;Bhaskar V.K.S. Lakkakula","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background/Purpose</h3><p>Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by numerous epithelium-lined cysts in the kidney and is the leading genetic cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Endothelin-1 is a potent vasoactive peptide implicated in the regulation of basal vascular tone. Endothelin (ET)-converting enzyme 1 (ECE1) is well known for its critical role in the process of ET.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We investigated <em>ECE1</em> gene variants to unravel <em>ECE1</em> modifier effects associated with renal disease progression in ADPKD. Three <em>ECE1</em> functional polymorphisms [rs213046 (−839 A&gt;C), rs213045 (−338 G&gt;T), and rs1076669 (Thr338Ile)] were genotyped using a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based KASPar method in 106 ADPKD patients and 112 healthy participants. A Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between ADPKD and <em>ECE1</em> variants, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the effect of <em>ECE1</em> variants on chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Mantel-Haenszel stratified analysis was performed to assess relationships between different CKD stages, hypertension, and their interaction.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>All loci are polymorphic and followed a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Distribution of <em>ECE1</em> genotypes in controls and ADPKD groups was not statistically significant, and linkage disequilibrium was not strong between pairs of single-nucleotide polymorphisms. The rs213046 variant genotypes were overrepresented in advanced CKD stages (<em>p</em> = 0.031).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Significant confounding effects of hypertension on CKD progression in ADPKD were observed. These results suggested that the <em>ECE1</em> gene variant is a modifier of CKD advancement among ADPKD patients.</p></div><div><h3>背景</h3><p>自體顯性多囊性腎病 (ADPKD) 的特點，是腎臟呈現相當多由上皮構成的囊腫，在全球是導致末期腎病 (ESRD) 的主要遺傳性原因。Endothelin-1 (ET-1) 是一種具有高度血管活性的胜肽，被認為與基礎血管張力的調節有關。眾所周知，endothelin (ET) 轉化酵素 1 (ECE1) 則在 ET 代謝上佔有重要的角色。</p></div><div><h3>方法</h3><p>在本研究中，我們調查了在 ADPKD 患者間，ECE1 基因變體與 CKD 病情發展的可能關聯。我們採用以 FRET 為基礎的 KASPar 方法，對 106 位 ADPKD 患者及 112 位健康人士，作出 3 種 ECE1 功能性多態性 [rs213046 (-839 A&gt;C)、rs213045 (-338 G&gt;T) 及 rs1076669 (Thr338Ile)] 的基因型辨識。對於 ADPKD 與 ECE1 基因變體的關聯，我們採取卡方檢驗；ECE1 基因變體與 CKD 病情發展的關聯，以多變項邏輯迴歸進行分析；CKD 分期與高血壓的關聯及兩者的交互作用，則採用 Mantel-Haenszel 分層分析。</p></div><div><h3>結果</h3><p>所有基因座 (loci) 均呈現多態性，且遵循 Hardy-Weinberg 平衡。ADPKD 患者與對照組間的 ECE1 基因型分佈並無明顯差別。單核苷酸多態性鹼基對 (SNP pairs) 之間，並未呈現出明顯的連鎖不平衡 (LD)。在晚期 CKD 患者間，rs213046 變體基因型呈現過度的表達 (<em>p</em> = 0.031)。</p></div><div><h3>結論</h3><p>我們觀察到，在 ADPKD 患者間，高血壓是 CKD 病情發展的一個明顯的干擾因素。以上結果意味著，在 ADPKD 患者間，ECE1 基因變體可影響 CKD 的病情發展。</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 20-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2016.02.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90829023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A peritoneal dialysis patient with osmotic demyelination syndrome","authors":"Hing Ming Cheng,&nbsp;Siu Hung Li","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A peritoneal dialysis patient with cirrhosis presented with drowsiness, vomiting, and mild hyponatremia. Despite no active correction of hyponatremia, she developed convulsion and quadriplegia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed changes of osmotic demyelination syndrome. This case illustrates that osmotic demyelination syndrome may occur in peritoneal dialysis without rapid correction of hyponatremia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77383340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent acute pancreatitis due to tertiary hyperparathyroidism manifesting as pancreatic calcification in a patient receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis","authors":"Chen-Yi Liao ,&nbsp;Chao-Wen Hsueh ,&nbsp;Ching-Chang Lee ,&nbsp;Wu-Hsien Kuo ,&nbsp;Ren-Jy Ben ,&nbsp;En-Hua Huang ,&nbsp;Chih-Chiang Wang ,&nbsp;I-Hung Chen ,&nbsp;Ming-Kai Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chronic alcohol use and gallstones are the most frequent causes of acute pancreatitis (AP), a life-threatening medical emergency. Above-normal calcium levels in these patients indicate potential malignancy or hyperparathyroidism (HPT). Whereas primary HPT has been associated with AP, tertiary HPT has seldom been linked with AP. Herein we present a case of peritoneal dialysis presenting with recurrent AP and incidental pancreatic duct calcification due to tertiary HPT.</p><p>急性胰炎是致命的緊急疾病,最常見的病因為長期飲酒及膽結石。當這些病人的血鈣過高,意味著癌症或副甲狀腺功能亢進的可能性。急性胰炎可能與原發性副甲狀腺功能亢進有關,但鮮少見於三發性副甲狀腺功能亢進患者。以下是一宗三發性副甲狀腺功能亢進所致復發性急性胰炎的個案,患者為腹膜透析接受者,並以偶發性胰管鈣化呈現。</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100611,"journal":{"name":"Hong Kong Journal of Nephrology","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 26-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hkjn.2015.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81573224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}