Forensic Science International Supplement Series最新文献

{"title":"An attempt to objectify the condition of cervical spine distortion injury in traffic accident victims for court purposes","authors":"C.Z. Chowaniec,&nbsp;A. Nowak,&nbsp;M. Chowaniec,&nbsp;K. Rygol,&nbsp;M. Kobek","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p><span>According to morphological criteria, cervical spine injuries include, among others, contusion, distortion, luxation and fracture. Distortion of the </span>intervertebral articulations<span> occurs when the force of movement exceeds the physiological range, and the articular/joint capsule, cartilage and ligaments are damaged. While within the articulation a haematoma<span> is formed, which produces clinical manifestations such as localised idiopathic pain, tenderness to palpation and analgesic<span> limitation on both the passive and active joint mobility (i.e., a syndrome of subjective painfulness), as reported by the patient, the diagnostic imaging techniques<span> (i.e., regular radiograph pictures) typically applied in such cases do not show any post-traumatic changes. Distortion of the cervical spine, resulting in a post-traumatic feeling of pain, usually occurs indirectly as a result of transmission of the force of injury onto the spine, as in the case of a traffic accident. Frequently, in cases of abuse, arriving at a hasty clinical diagnosis of post-traumatic cervical spine distortion apparently presents a serious problem in giving medical opinions for court purposes; thus encouraging the authors to attempt objectifying the condition of cervical spine distortion.</span></span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In a retrospective investigation, the authors analysed the medical opinions given by the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, for court purposes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among nearly 5500 opinions in the past 5-year period, we analysed 167 cases related to cervical spine injury.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>An attempt is made to either substantiate or negate the clinical diagnosis issued for court purposes by assessing the following: the findings of the physical examination of the person involved, the condition of the person involved in the accident from the period prior to accident (radiograph findings confirming the level of the already existing degenerative changes; age and sex of the person involved; positive or negative history of injuries sustained prior to accident), the course of treatment after the accident (character of symptoms reported and their evolution with time; co-existence of other bodily injuries; outpatient treatment instituted, including the application of Schantze collar, rehabilitation) and also the circumstances in which the accident occurred.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100550,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Supplement Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 95-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74117301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the degree of ethanol intoxication from analysis of cerebro-cranial hematomas","authors":"M. Chowaniec,&nbsp;Cz. Chowaniec,&nbsp;A. Nowak,&nbsp;J. Nowicka,&nbsp;K. Droździok","doi":"10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>314 cases of combined cerebro-cranial trauma and posttraumatic intracranial hematomas<span> were identified of which ethanol was detected in 114 hematomas. The other investigative group was 103 hospitalized patients who had hematomas evacuated during </span></span>neurosurgical procedures<span>. In 62 of these cases ethanol was detected. Blood and urine samples were also collected and the alcohol concentration was determined in all specimens by GC and ADH. The ethanol elimination rate for autopsy and operative intracranial hematomas was approximately 0.07–0.08‰/h(±0.034‰/h). The elimination rate of ethanol from blood (β</span></span>₆₀) was about two or three times greater as that from hematomas. Because of the different water content of intracranial hematomas from blood, it was necessary to adjust the ethanol concentration for water content. On the basis of the corrected ethanol concentrations and the elimination rates for both tissues it was possible to estimate the ethanol concentration at the time of injury. Intracranial hematomas are tissues of possible value in the determination of alcohol intoxication especially in alcoholism. Ethanol can be found in hematomas even after 72<!--> <!-->h from head injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100550,"journal":{"name":"Forensic Science International Supplement Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 91-94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.fsisup.2009.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81334182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}