{"title":"Stereopsis and Accommodation Following Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK) for Myopia","authors":"Kais Algawi, Michael Goggin, Michael O'Keefe","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80298-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80298-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To study the effect of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) for myopia on accommodation and stereopsis. <strong>Study Design:</strong> Myopes treated with Summit Technology UV 200 excimer laser PRK were followed prospectively for a mean period of 13 months (range, 9–16 months). <strong>Setting:</strong> The Laser Unit of the Mater Private Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland. <strong>Patients:</strong> Twenty-one patients with a mean age of 25.95 years (range, 20–33 years) and a mean refractive error of −3.80 D (range, −1.50–6.00 D) underwent excimer laser PRK for myopia. Mean prelaser amplitude of accommodation (AA) was 10.0 D (range, 8–13). Mean prelaser near stereopsis was 52 second of are (range, 40–140) and mean distant stereopsis was 143 second of arc (range, 30–240). <strong>Main Outcome Measures:</strong> AA, near and distant stereopsis, accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio and ocular alignment were assessed preoperatively and at 3 and 12 months postoperatively. Nine of the 21 patients underwent PRK in their 2nd eye and had these measurements carried out 3 months following the 2nd treatment. Subjective complaints of asthenopic or presbyopic symptoms were recorded. <strong>Results:</strong> No patients complained of asthenopic or presbyopic symptoms. Only 3 patients (14.28%) had asymptomatic persistent reduction of AA of ≥ 2 D (mean, 3 D). Near stereopsis was reduced by a mean of 88 seconds of arc in 11 patients (52.3%) at the 3 months visit (range, 10–360). Four of those affected (36.3%) regained their preoperative near stereopsis spontaneously by the end of the study follow-up period and 4 others (36.3%) 3 months following treatment of the 2nd eye. Distant stereopsis was reduced by a mean of 103 seconds of arc (range, 60–180) in 8 patients (38%). Only those who underwent PRK in the 2nd eye (3 patients) recovered their preoperative distant stereopsis. No change in AC/A ratio or ocular alignment was noted in any case. Significantly greater numbers of patients recovered distant stereopsis following treatment of the 2nd eye than recovered it spontaneously (<em>P</em> = 0.01, tailed value). There was no such significant difference for near stereopsis. Conclusions: Binocular function is disturbed in half those undergoing PRK for myopia for their 1st eye. Despite this, no patients complained of asthenopia or reduced binocular function. Treatment of the fellow eye restored near and distant stereopsis in all cases studied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 150-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80298-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90195146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of Glycosaminoglycans in Rabbit Corneal Wounds after Extracapsular Lens Extraction","authors":"N. Molander , Y. Sommarin","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80296-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80296-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To determine the production site of corneal wound hyaluronan. To study glycosaminoglycan synthesis during corneal wound healing. <strong>Study Design:</strong> Extracapsular lens extractions were performed in pigmented rabbits. The cornea was labelled with [<sup>3</sup>H]-<span>D</span>-gluocosamine and [<sup>35</sup>S]-sulphate with <em>in-vitro</em> incubation in enriched medium or with intracameral <em>in vivo</em> injections, 7, 14 and 28 days after surgery. <strong>Setting:</strong> Ophthalmic Research Department and Department of Medical and Physiological Chemistry, University of Lund, Sweden. <strong>Main Outcome Measures:</strong> Non-incorporated isotope was eliminated with ionexchange chromatography. The samples were treated with Streptomyces hyaluronate lyase, chondroitinase-ABC or keratanase II and again chromatographed to measure the incorporation of label into individual glycosaminoglycans. Synthesis of individual glycosaminoglycans is shown as the amount of [<sup>3</sup>H] and [<sup>35</sup>S] incorporated dpm:s after treatment with the different enzymes. The relative synthesis of glycosaminoglycans was calculated as percentage of the total amount of labelled glycosaminoglycans. Results: There was good correlation between <em>in-vivo</em> and <em>in-vitro</em> labelling. Incorporation of D-[<sup>3</sup>H] glucosamine into hyaluronan in the operated corneas was found seven, 14 and 28 days after surgery, but could not be demonstrated in control cornea. Seven days after surgery the net synthesis of hyaluronan was about 9.5% in vitro (5% <em>in vivo</em>). Fourteen days after surgery the net synthesis had increased to around 19.5% in vitro (9% <em>in vivo</em>) and after 28 days it was around 3.5% <em>in vitro</em> (not detectable <em>in vivo</em>). The net synthesis and absolute synthesis of keratan sulphate was thoroughly decreased during the healing period in <em>in-vitro</em> labelled corneas. In both keratan sulphate and chondroitin sulphate/dermatan sulphate the [<sup>35</sup>S]/[<sup>3</sup>H]-ratio was lowered in the operated corneas. Conclusions: Hyaluronan is synthesized in corneal wounds after extracapsular lens extraction. The synthesis of keratan sulphate is decreased in corneal wounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 138-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80296-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73318825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dimitrios S. Siganos , Ioannis G. Pallikaris , Charalambos S. Siganos
{"title":"Clear Lensectomy and Intraocular Lens Implantation in Normally Sighted Highly Hyperopic Eyes. Three-year Follow-up","authors":"Dimitrios S. Siganos , Ioannis G. Pallikaris , Charalambos S. Siganos","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80294-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80294-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><strong>Objective:</strong> To present the results, complications and management of a series of 17 normally sighted eyes who have undergone clear lens extraction and IOL implantation for the correction of high hyperopia. The follow-up period was 1 to 3 years (mean: 26.2 months). <strong>Main Outcome Measures:</strong> Unaided visual acuity, predictability, endothelial cell loss percentage, complications and management. <strong>Method:</strong> Extracapsular clear lens extraction and posterior chamber IOL implantation was performed in 17 normally sighted eyes of 9 patients, 35 to 55 years old (median 45), with a hyperopic spherical equivalent of + 9.61 ± 0.46 D (range: + 6.75 to + 13.75 D). The axial length range was 17.88 to 22.78 mm. Refraction was aimed at -1.50 to account for the inaccuracy of the SRK II formula in high hyperopic eyes. <strong>Results:</strong> One case had an uneventful intraoperative posterior capsular tear. Mean unaided visual acuity improved from CF to 0.84 (range: 0.7–1.0) at 3 years. Postoperative correction ranged from −0.87 to + 0.50 D at 1 year and −0.25 to + 0.62 at 3 years. The mean endothelial cell loss percentage at 3 years was 11.2% ± 0.59 (range: 8–13%). Three eyes developed posterior capsular opacification at 20 and 21 months and were uneventfully treated with Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The incoming excellent results in accuracy, safety and rapid stability of refraction with longer follow-up show that clear lens extraction and IOL implantation is advantageous over other refractive procedures in high hyperopia. Aiming at −1.50 DS with SRK II formula in highly hyperopic eye with an axial length of 17.88 to 22.78 mm, results in a correction near to emmetropia.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 128-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80294-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84267489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long-term Results and Indications for Clear Corneal Surgery","authors":"Jochen P. Kammann, Gabriele Dornbach","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80011-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80011-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 97-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80011-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90086821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Berlin Microkeratome","authors":"Friedrich Hoffmann","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80010-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80010-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 92-96"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80010-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83387469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Natural History of Postoperative Astigmatism","authors":"Robert C. Drews","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80013-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80013-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 103-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80013-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88536043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Special Section: Biennial Meeting of the International Ophthalmic Micro Surgery Study Group Killarney, Ireland - 11th to 15th September 1994","authors":"BA Noble (Convenor, IOMSG)","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80003-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80003-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 64-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80003-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"110047332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Humphrey introduces new ultrasound pachometer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80018-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80018-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Page 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80018-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136645491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Kohlhaas , J. Draeger , R.-Ch Lerch , E. Arnott , K. Williams , C. Barraquer , J.I. Barraquer
{"title":"Different Techniques of Lamellar Refractive Keratoplasties for the Correction of Myopia","authors":"M. Kohlhaas , J. Draeger , R.-Ch Lerch , E. Arnott , K. Williams , C. Barraquer , J.I. Barraquer","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80005-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80005-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 70-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80005-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83880794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Myopia above 5 D Surgery Update","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80016-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80016-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100500,"journal":{"name":"European Journal of Implant and Refractive Surgery","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0955-3681(13)80016-0","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136712196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}