Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100363
Yongqiang Tang, Haitao Wang, Qiaoyu Ge, Suobing Zhang, Zengmin Lun, Xia Zhou, Tao Ma
{"title":"Experimental study of combined thermal flooding in improving heavy oil flowability","authors":"Yongqiang Tang, Haitao Wang, Qiaoyu Ge, Suobing Zhang, Zengmin Lun, Xia Zhou, Tao Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China boasts abundant heavy oil resources, which is vital for its energy security. However, its heavy oil typically exhibits high viscosity, which severely hinders its flow and extraction. Enhancing heavy oil flowability is vital for its effective exploitation. This study independently developed a visualization experimental system and explored the mechanisms through which combined thermal flooding (a combination of heat, chemical agents and gas) enhances heavy oil flowability. Results indicate that combined thermal flooding, that is, synergistically integrating heat, chemical agents, and gas, can effectively enhance the recovery of heavy oil by improving its flowability. Its working mechanisms were explored from the aspects of thermal effects, emulsification, precursor film, profile control capacity, and CO<sub>2</sub> solution and extraction effects. The emulsification was observed using a confocal laser scanning fluorescence microscope (CLSFM). Findings reveal that steam flooding can boost crude oil flowability by augmenting temperature, while a chemical system tends to produce low-viscosity oil-in-water emulsions, thus further aiding the flow of crude oil. During CO<sub>2</sub> flooding, the solvent initially reduced crude oil viscosity and formed foamy oil, followed by the pronounced component separation of the produced fluids in the later stage. This demonstrates the effectiveness of CO<sub>2</sub> in viscosity reduction and component extraction. Additionally, the results of interfacial tension experiments indicate that surfactants can reduce the heavy oil's interfacial tension, fostering the formation of nano-scale precursor films. They can also thicken these films and diminish their spreading resistance, thus accelerating residual oil removal and promoting heavy oil production. This study further elaborated the mechanisms behind the combined thermal flooding's efficiency in enhancing heavy oil recovery, offering a theoretical foundation for its broader application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100359
Yanqing Huang , Meizhou Deng , Nan Duan , Wujun Jin , Junlong Liu , Na Niu , Ai Wang , Xiaolin Lu
{"title":"Sand body architecture of braided river deltas in the Upper Triassic Xujiahe Formation, Sichuan Basin","authors":"Yanqing Huang , Meizhou Deng , Nan Duan , Wujun Jin , Junlong Liu , Na Niu , Ai Wang , Xiaolin Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent discovery of natural gas within the fifth member of the Xujiahe Formation (T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub>) in the Dongfeng area within the Sichuan Basin highlights the significant exploration potential of this member. However, the unconvincing previous understanding of the sedimentary microfacies, combined with a total lack of studies on the sand body architecture and reservoir distribution, hampers the further exploration of this member. Using core data, log curves, and seismic data, along with sedimentary microfacies analysis, this study investigated the interfaces between the sand bodies of various scales in the Dongfeng area. Furthermore, this study explored the morphological characteristics, types, and stacking patterns of these sand bodies and determined the distributions of sand bodies and reservoirs in the area. The results indicate that the first sand group of the T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub> member (T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub><sup>1</sup>) exhibits delta-front deposits, including subaqueous distributary channels, sheet sands, and interdistributary bays. Seven levels of sand body interfaces are identified in the T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub><sup>1</sup> sand group. Among them, the interfaces of the first and second levels were identified only in cores, those of the third and fourth levels were recognizable from cores combined with log curves, while those of the fifth, sixth, and seventh levels were distinguishable using seismic data. Three superimposed subaqueous distributary channel complexes are found in the Dongfeng area. Among them, complex 1 in the northwest exhibits the strongest water body energy, while complex 2 in the south displays the weakest. Complex 2 was formed earlier than complexes 1 and 3. Also, complex 1 is further subdivided into three vertically stacked subaqueous distributary channels. The subdivision of sedimentary microfacies in the T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub> member reveals nine lithofacies types. Among them, stacked pancake-shaped, carbonaceous debris-bearing, massive, and cross-bedded medium-grained sandstones are considered favorable lithofacies. These four lithofacies types exhibit high porosity, as well as low natural gamma-ray (GR) values, low-to-medium deep investigate double lateral resistivity (RD), and high interval transit time (AC) on the log curves. Additionally, the reservoir distribution in the Dongfeng area was delineated based on the characterization of the favorable lithofacies. This study serves as a guide for future exploration and evaluation of the T<sub>3</sub><em>x</em><sub>5</sub> member in the Dongfeng area while also augmenting the methodologies for describing tight sandstone reservoirs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Geological characteristics of coal mines in the Zagros Basin of Iran: Unveiling rock mechanical properties and time-dependent behavior","authors":"Alireza Khoshmagham , Navid Hosseini Alaee , Reza Shirinabadi , Amir Hossein Bangian Tabrizi , Mehran Gholinejad , Pooria Kianoush","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Zagros Basin in southwestern Iran is a significant source of coal, with numerous coal mines operating in the region. Ensuring the stability of coal mines is crucial for safe and efficient mining operations. This study investigates the time-varying response of rocks and roof resistance in coal mines in the Zagros Mountains using a novel approach that combines numerical simulation, relaxation testing, and rock displacement studies. The results show that rocks exhibit significant time-dependent behavior, with changes in rock mechanical properties over time. A comprehensive viscoelastic-plastic model is developed to accurately describe the time-varying strain-softening response of rocks and simulate laboratory tests. The model integrates the Burgers and strain-softening models, simulating stress relaxation curves and rock displacement over time. The study reveals that the rock mass displays significant nonlinear behavior, with changes in rock mechanical properties over time. The findings of this study highlight the importance of considering the time-varying response of rocks and roof resistance in coal mine stability analysis. The results provide valuable insights into the time-dependent behavior of rock mass in coal mines in Iran, which can inform mining practices and mitigate potential hazards. Results in this study can contribute to developing strategies for improving roof stability and reducing the likelihood of roof collapses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100360
Hongkang Zhao , Xiangchun Chang , Tianchen Ge , Zhiping Zeng , Junjian Zhang , Daiqi Ming , Runye Han
{"title":"Application of fractal model in the Jurassic tight sandstone reservoirs of central Junggar Basin as constrained by mercury ejection curves","authors":"Hongkang Zhao , Xiangchun Chang , Tianchen Ge , Zhiping Zeng , Junjian Zhang , Daiqi Ming , Runye Han","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high-pressure mercury intrusion (HPMI) experiment is widely used to assess the pore architecture of tight sandstone reservoirs. However, the conventional analysis of the high-pressure mercury intrusion has always focused on the mercury injection curves themselves, neglecting the important geological information conveyed by the mercury ejection curves. This paper quantitatively describes the fractal characteristics of ejection curves by using four fractal models, i.e., Menger model, Thermodynamic model, Sierpinski model, and multi-fractal model. In comparison with mercury injection curves, we explore the fractal significance of mercury ejection curves and define the applicability of different fractal models in characterizing pore architectures. Investigated tight sandstone samples can be divided into four types (Types A, B, C and D) based on porosity, permeability, and mercury removal efficiency. Type D samples are unique in that they have higher permeability (>0.6 mD) but lower mercury removal efficiency (<35%). Fractal studies of the mercury injection curve show that it mainly reflects the pore throat characteristics, while the mercury ejection curve serves to reveal the pore features, and porosity and permeability correlate well with the fractal dimension of the injection curve, while mercury removal efficiency correlates only with the Ds' value of the ejection curve. The studies on the mercury ejection curves also reveal that the small pores and micropores of the Type C and Type D samples are more developed, with varying pore architecture. The fractal dimension <em>D</em><sub>S</sub>’ value of Type D samples is greater than that of Type C samples, and the dissolution of Type D samples is more intense than that of Type C samples, which further indicates that the Type D samples are smaller in pore size, rougher in surface, and with greater difficulty for the hydrocarbon to enter, resulting in their reservoir capacity probably less than that of Type C samples. In this regard, the important information characterized by the mercury ejection curve should be considered in evaluating the tight sandstone reservoirs. Finally, the Menger and Thermodynamic models prove to be more suitable for describing the total pore architecture, while the Sierpinski model is better for characterizing the variability of the interconnected pores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100343
Lin Wu , Zhengmeng Hou , Yang Li , Weidong Wang , Long Cheng , Junzhang Lin , Zhifeng Luo , Liangchao Huang
{"title":"Carbon circular utilization and sequestration in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs: Towards a carbon-neutral China","authors":"Lin Wu , Zhengmeng Hou , Yang Li , Weidong Wang , Long Cheng , Junzhang Lin , Zhifeng Luo , Liangchao Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100343","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100343","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The technology of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) enhanced hydrocarbon recovery is favored over other Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Sequestration (CCUS) methods for achieving the “double carbon” goal in China due to its ability to sequester CO<sub>2</sub> geologically while enhancing the recovery rates of oil and gas resources. However, current technologies face significant challenges, such as limited recovery enhancement capacity, as well as high costs and low efficiency in carbon utilization and sequestration. To address these issues, an innovative carbon-negative technology termed Carbon Capture, Circular Utilization, and Sequestration (CCCUS) is proposed. This technology integrates CO<sub>2</sub>-microbial enhanced hydrocarbon recovery, CO<sub>2</sub> underground bio-methanation, and CO<sub>2</sub> sequestration in depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs. Compared to conventional CCUS technologies, CCCUS stands out through both its modes of carbon utilization and the forms in which carbon exists, by cyclically biochemically converting endogenous and exogenous CO<sub>2</sub> into renewable natural gas (RNG). A preliminary assessment indicates that CCCUS holds significant developmental potential in China, with 661 million tonnes of CO<sub>2</sub> utilized per cycle and 3.47 billion tonnes ultimately sequestered. However, there is a significant lack of research on the core technology of CCCUS, specifically CO<sub>2</sub> underground bio-methanation, in China. To bridge this gap and mitigate potential challenges during the development of CCCUS, targeted proposals have been formulated. This paper provides new insights into advancing the development of a circular carbon economy and accelerating the achievement of carbon neutrality in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143101165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-10DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100356
Shiyan Yin , Chuang Lei , Jiaren Ye , Jingfu Wu , Yu Wang , Ying Zhang , Xiaoying Han
{"title":"Paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental constraints on organic matter enrichment in the Paleocene strata in the Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin","authors":"Shiyan Yin , Chuang Lei , Jiaren Ye , Jingfu Wu , Yu Wang , Ying Zhang , Xiaoying Han","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using major and trace element analyses, this study investigated the impacts of paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental variations on organic matter enrichment in the Paleocene Yueguifeng, Lingfeng, and Mingyuefeng formations in the Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin. Multiple geochemical proxies suggest that during the deposition of the three formations, the paleoclimate evolved from a humid climate to an arid and then back to humid conditions, the paleosalinity conditions underwent brackish, saline, and fresh water sequentially, and the paleowater conditions shifted from relatively deep water to relatively shallow water and then to shallow water. Accordingly, the water column evolved from reducing to oxidizing and then to weakly oxidizing to oxidizing conditions. Organic matter productivity, as well as the preservation or degradation of organic matter, was controlled by covariation in the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental conditions. This can account for the difference in organic matter enrichment in the mudstones of the three formations. The mudstones in the Yueguifeng Formation were deposited in a semi-deep- to deep-water lacustrine environment with high primary productivity in a warm, humid climate. Numerous planktonic algae were efficiently preserved in stratified and dysoxic water columns, resulting in high organic matter enrichment in this formation. The mudstones in the Lingfeng Formation were formed in a shallow marine environment with low primary productivity in an arid climate. The combined effects of high salinity and oxygen-enriched conditions in the water bodies were unfavorable for the reproduction and preservation of planktonic algae, resulting in low organic matter enrichment. For the Mingyuefeng Formation, the slow tectonic subsidence and flat topography during the deposition of this formation led to the development of a swamp environment in a warm, humid climate. The swamp environment was characterized by an oxic water column, low aquatic organic matter input, and high terrigenous organic matter input. The Yueguifeng Formation has greater hydrocarbon-generating potential than the Lingfeng and Mingyuefeng formations. Constructing the developmental models of organic-rich mudstones based on the covariation in the paleoclimatic and paleoenvironmental conditions represents a valid method for understanding the hydrocarbon-generating potential of these source rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100358
Ning Gu , Juntao Zhang , Xiaohui Jin , Jiaqi Yang , Fei Yang , Lu Liu
{"title":"Reservoir characteristics and distribution of the Majiagou Formation in the Fuxian area of Ordos Basin, China","authors":"Ning Gu , Juntao Zhang , Xiaohui Jin , Jiaqi Yang , Fei Yang , Lu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Majiagou Formation in the Fuxian area of the southeastern Ordos Basin has undergone a complex diagenetic evolution history under the influence of eustacy and the Caledonian karstification, resulting in several complex reservoir types. Through analyses of mineralogy, petrology, and reservoir geology, three major types of dolomite reservoirs with different genetic mechanisms, including anhydritic moldic-dissolved pore type, dolomitic intercrystalline-pore type, and fractured type were identified, and their formation mechanisms and distribution patterns were examined. The aphanocrystalline to very fine-crystalline anhydritic dolomite was resulted from Sabhak dolomitization, and is characterized by small size of crystals and high content of anhydrite. Dolomite reservoirs of anhydritic moldic-dissolved pore type were developed in multi-stage dissolution processes and mainly distributed at higher positions of the paleogeomorphology where the filling was weak. The very fine to fine-crystalline dolomite of shoal facies was formed under seepage-reflux dolomitization, and characterized by larger sizes of crystals and well-developed intercrystalline pores. Dolomite reservoirs of intercrystalline-pore type were mainly developed at the lower positions of the paleogeomorphology where bedding-parallel karst dissolution was strong. The fractured dolomite reservoirs, generated by the anhydrite swelling and karst cave collapse, occur in multiple horizons but within limited areas due to multi-stage fillings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143157574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100357
Udai Bhan Rai , Aminul Islam , Nick Hogg Mascall , Mohamed Ragab Shalaby
{"title":"Making sense of the L-shaped pore pressure ramps in Brunei: Compression-induced vertical fluid flow in the basin and its impact on the petroleum system","authors":"Udai Bhan Rai , Aminul Islam , Nick Hogg Mascall , Mohamed Ragab Shalaby","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Overpressure prediction for exploratory drilling has become robust in most basins with increasing well control, high-quality seismic datasets, and proactive real-time overpressure monitoring while drilling. However, accurate overpressure prediction remains challenging in offshore Northwest Borneo despite several decades of drilling experience. This paper focuses on two exploration wells drilled by Brunei Shell Petroleum 40 years apart that faced similar challenges with overpressure prediction and well control. An integrated lookback study is attempted using seismic and well-log data to explore the causes of the unsatisfactory Pore Pressure Prediction (PPP) outcome in pre-drill and real-time operation settings for these wells.</div><div>Our study indicates that the misprediction of overpressures is due to real differences in shale pressure (basis of pre-drill work and monitoring) and sand pressure (source of drill kick and well control challenges) due to large-scale vertical leak or expulsion of deep-seated fluids into pre-compacted normally pressured overlying sediments in several regions through a mix of shear and tensile failure mechanisms. Such migrated fluids inflate the sand pressure in the normally compacted shallower sequences with the shale pressure remaining low. A predictive framework for upward fluid expulsion was attempted but found impracticable due to complex spatial and temporal variations in the horizontal stress field responsible for such leakage. As such, it is proposed that these migratory overpressures are essentially ‘unpredictable’ from conventional PPP workflows viewed in the broad bucket of compaction disequilibrium (undercompaction) and fluid expansion (unloading) mechanisms. Further study is recommended to understand if such migrated overpressures in the sand can produce a discernible and predictable geophysical or petrophysical signature in the abutting normally compacted shales.</div><div>The study highlights the possibility of large lateral variability in the sand overpressure within the same stratigraphic unit in regions with complex tectonostratigraphic evolution like Northwest Borneo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100355
Ilaria Barone , Alessandro Brovelli , Giorgio Tango , Sergio Del Gaudio , Giorgio Cassiani
{"title":"Combined application of FTAN and cross-spectra analysis to ambient noise recorded by a microseismic monitoring network","authors":"Ilaria Barone , Alessandro Brovelli , Giorgio Tango , Sergio Del Gaudio , Giorgio Cassiani","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A case study of seismic interferometry applied to a small microseismic monitoring network is here presented. The main objectives of this study are (i) to quantify the lateral variability of shear-wave velocities in the studied area, and (ii) to investigate the bias produced by noise directionality and non-stationarity in the velocity estimate. Despite the limited number of stations and the short-period character of the seismic sensors, the empirical Green's functions were retrieved for all station pairs using two years of passive data. Both group and phase velocities were derived, the former using the widespread frequency-time analysis, the latter through the analysis of the real part of the cross-spectra. The main advantage of combining these two methods is a more accurate identification of higher modes, resulting in a reduction of ambiguity during picking and data interpretation. Surface wave tomography was run to obtain the spatial distribution of group and phase velocities for the same wavelengths. The low standard deviation of the results suggests that the sparse character of the network does not limit the applicability of the method, for this specific case. The obtained maps highlight the presence of a lower velocity area that extends from the centre of the network towards southeast. Group and phase velocity dispersion curves have been jointly inverted to retrieve as many shear-wave velocity profiles as selected station pairs. While the average model can be used for a more accurate location of the local natural seismicity, the associated standard deviations give us an indication of the lateral heterogeneity of seismic velocities as a function of depth. Finally, the same velocity analysis was repeated for different time windows in order to quantify the error associated to variations in the noise field. Errors as large as 4% have been found, related to the unfavorable orientation of the receiver pairs with respect to strongly directional noise sources, and to the very short time widows. It was shown that using a one-year time window these errors are reduced to 0.3%.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143156435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Energy GeosciencePub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100354
Artem Kukhtinskii
{"title":"Estimation of parameters for 3D geomechanical modeling from triaxial test results","authors":"Artem Kukhtinskii","doi":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.engeos.2024.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triaxial testing serves as a fundamental method for evaluating the elastic and strength properties of rocks, crucial for developing accurate 3D geomechanical models. This paper presents a novel method for determining strength parameters by incorporating the dependence of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) on P-wave velocity into the Hoek-Brown criterion. Additionally, a new approach is introduced to process triaxial test data efficiently using Python libraries such as SciPy, NumPy, Matplotlib, and Pandas. Furthermore, the paper addresses challenges in determining elastic parameters through triaxial testing. A Python script is developed to automate the calculation of elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio, overcoming subjectivity in selecting the linear portion of stress-strain curves. The script optimally identifies the linear region by minimizing the fit error with appropriate constraints, ensuring a more objective and standardized approach. The proposed methodologies are demonstrated using limestone specimens from Central Asian gas fields. These innovations offer faster, more reliable results, reducing error and enhancing the comparability of analyses in geomechanics, with potential applications across various geological settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100469,"journal":{"name":"Energy Geoscience","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143100598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}