Digital Geography and Society最新文献

{"title":"Smart urban forests: An overview of more-than-human and more-than-real urban forest management in Australian cities","authors":"Sarah Prebble,&nbsp;Jessica McLean,&nbsp;Donna Houston","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>These are uncertain times in the Anthropocene, where the health and resilience of all urban inhabitants should be key themes for cities striving for sustainability. To this end, local councils in Australia are applying digital technologies with increasing complexity as components of their urban forest management. This paper applies a more-than-human lens to analyse Australian local council urban forest policies, documents and project information for their inclusion and application of digital technologies. In this scoping review, digital geographies informed data collection to answer questions about the type, use and ownerships of tree data, and more-than-real and ‘lively data’ concepts were employed to extend their discussion.</p><p>Our analysis found that local government policies focused on general urban tree data and canopy percentages and utilised this data to justify and create policy and program parameters. There was a general lack of more-than-human considerations beyond the focus on trees in creating and designing smart urban forests, but it is unclear whether this was due to technical limitations, council desires or other factors. Challenges identified for successful outcomes included balancing priorities, access to resources and information, technological constraints, and community factors such as capacity to engage and cultural values. Digital technologies that facilitate smart urban forests tended to reinforce and re-solidify Western values. However, strengths of current applications are also evident, and we explore how they provide more-than-real possibilities for human-nature relationships to deepen and foster collaborations between disparate groups and entities in urban environments. Greater consideration and acknowledgment of the more-than-human and understanding of the more-than-real in co-creation and co-design of digital technologies and their applications may facilitate more positive outcomes for human and non-human urban inhabitants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100013"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"105997342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social media and perceived climate change efficacy: A European comparison","authors":"Leonie Tuitjer,&nbsp;Peter Dirksmeier","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate change perceptions interact with how climate change is portrayed in the news, which is now increasingly accessed via social media platforms. While their effects on climate change awareness have been documented, it is less clear to what extent news consumed via social media platforms influences perceived climate change efficacy, which refers to the belief that one is able to make a difference in the fight against climate change. Our paper investigates the relationship between internet use, news received via social media, and perceived climate change efficacy in Europe, by using multilevel regression that shows the effects on individual, national and regional level. We find that there are modest differences between perceived climate change efficacy within our European sample and that on aggregated, national level Facebook negatively correlates with perceived climate change efficacy. Furthermore, regions with high participation in social media, show lower perceived climate change efficacy. Our multi-level research design thus puts new insights into the spatial manifestation of climate change opinions in the context of a digital geography interested in exploring differences in the effects of digital media uses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83432166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The online genetically modified food debate: Digital food activism, science and alternative knowledges","authors":"Catherine Price","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this paper is to fill a research gap to show how ‘below the line’ comments can be used for digital food activism. As the study focuses on genetically modified (GM) crops and foods, the study also reveals the narratives deployed by commenters in this particular debate. This paper attempts to provide an answer through a qualitative data analysis using a grounded theory approach and a discourse analysis. The findings reveal a lack of trust in science and political authority, and the use of alternative knowledges by digital food activists. The paper concludes by discussing how this study adds to the understanding of digital food activism. Whilst the below the line comments as a form of digital food activism may not connect to action in the non-virtual world, they do offer an opportunity for debate.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72599020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transgressions: Reflecting on critical GIS and digital geographies","authors":"Ryan Burns","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100011"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92035686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The platformization of tourism: from accommodation to Experiences","authors":"Cristina Capineri ,&nbsp;Antonello Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The article investigates platform-mediated tourism practices by focusing on the new recreational activities offered by Airbnb, namely “Experiences”. In recent years, the leading short-term rental platform has started an expansion strategy beyond accommodation towards services based on immersive activities led by local hosts. Drawing upon previous research on short-term accommodation platforms, we explore the platformization of such recreational activities by looking at their spatialities, the place-based resources engaged and emerging self-entrepreneurial practices. Our effort is experimental since most literature on Airbnb deals with accommodation listings while Experiences differ from accommodation since they combine different types of local resources, which are less spatially constrained, with the host's personal skills. This paper contributes to understanding the spatial and socio-economic implications of the Airbnb expansion strategy through Experiences. We develop a case study based on 385 Experiences collected in Florence (Italy) in 2019 and analyze their location and distribution patterns, the estimated revenue generated, the typology of resources which are commodified through such activities, and the professional profiles of the hosts. Results show that Experiences seem to erode the well-known spatial concentration of accommodation listings in city centres. This is explained by the different nature of the resources mobilized by the Experiences, which privilege the experiential character of these services (e.g. food tasting, cooking classes). Furthermore, Experiences become a self-employment opportunity for the hosts, reinforcing the unregulated and permeable environment of the digital platform.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"98225536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical geographies of social robotics","authors":"Casey R. Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This short commentary calls for further geographic engagement with emerging trends in social robotics and human-robot interaction. While the proliferation of social robots in the spaces of everyday life raises numerous empirical, ethical, and political questions, this paper argues that it also presents an opportunity to prompt theoretical debate around questions of space, intelligence, affect and emotion, and the ‘human.’</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100010"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92133867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The shifting geographies of digital intermediation: the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on short-term rentals in Italian cities","authors":"Antonello Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present paper investigates the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on Airbnb's market and focuses on the crisis's effects on areas affected by digital intermediation. The study's goal is to analyse Airbnb geographies by focusing on short-term rental supply and demand at the intra-urban scale. Using historical data and by adopting a quantitative and spatial data-oriented approach, the work highlights the shifting geographies of digital intermediation. Results show that while the areas that have increased their supply are limited, a large, clustered and contiguous portion of the cities seems to have reversed the exponential growth trend of recent years. Finally, the study offers a reflection on the future of short-term rentals in the post-pandemic city. The case study refers to four Italian cities: Florence, Milan, Rome, and Naples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100019"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2021.100019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83043349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pay to play? Subverting the digital economy of Pokémon Go in the smart city","authors":"Thomas Birtchnell ,&nbsp;Pauline McGuirk ,&nbsp;Christopher Moore ,&nbsp;Loren Vettoretto","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Location-based games (LBGs) on smart mobile phones are challenging people's conceptions of public and private space and, in the process, opening up windows of opportunity for subverting the neoliberalisation of urban space associated with the smart city. In the context of the smart city, urban control by corporate, neoliberal interests exerts pressure on players to interweave digital gameplay with everyday life in hybrid urban space. However, players do not passively comply. Rather their subversions and transgressions are integrated into the realisation of the smart city. Drawing on an in-depth empirical study of the popular LBG Pokémon Go, this paper critiques the dynamics inherent in the game design aimed to produce profit from gamers' exercise, exploration and interaction. We trace how smart citizens exploit ambivalences in game design to unleash a form of ‘gamification-from-below’. The paper's insights enrich understandings of the workings of transgression in experiences of digital technologies and mobile media. Finally, it provokes further attention to the paths, possibilities and limits to reconfigure trajectories of the corporate smart city.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"101509690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Text mining and semantic triples: Spatial analyses of text in applied humanitarian forensic research","authors":"Molly Miranker,&nbsp;Alberto Giordano","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The methods and tools of Geographic Information Sciences (GIScience)—spatial analysis, spatial statistics, and geographic information technologies—are increasingly being used in forensic humanitarian projects. In this article we explore ways to parse and analyze social and media releases from the United States Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) to gain an understanding of the death of migrants at the Texas-Mexico border. The methods we used include corpus linguistic (CL)/natural language processing (NLP) and Qualitative Spatial Representation (QSR) and Semantic Triples (ST). Our results indicate that CL/NLP and QSR/ST have the potential to increase and improve deceased migrant case identification by providing a framework for searching for key terms or themes throughout multiple textual sources. In the specific case examined, however, CL/NLP showed that CBP social media focused on drug confiscation and general patrolling activities and were of limited use for tabulating incidences of migrant death. On the other hand, QSR/ST visualizations showed which CBP Stations most frequently reported deceased migrant recoveries (i.e., search and collection of human remains) and with whom they collaborated.</p><p>We believe these methods are part of the methodological toolkit needed to lay the ground for what we call Humanitarian GIS—the application of spatial analytical perspectives and tools to genocide studies, spatial forensics, and, in general, human rights topics and events. Within this toolkit, CL/NLP and QSR/ST highlight spatial relationships that are not necessarily mappable in a traditional GIS setting and allow researchers to detect patterns across large corpora of heterogeneous information. The mixing of methodologies and the combination of qualitative and quantitative data in Humanitarian GIS may change our understanding of an ongoing humanitarian crisis and aid in improving and increasing response to such crises.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"108362851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unruly digital subjects: Social entanglements, identity, and the politics of technological expertise","authors":"Casey R. Lynch","doi":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent scholarship in digital geographies has highlighted the possibilities for alternative visions of digital futures contesting the logics and everyday practices of contemporary technocapitalism. Barcelona has emerged as a key site for counter-hegemonic visions, driven by the progressive municipal government's rejection of the corporate smart city model and the emergence of a network of grassroots initiatives promoting “technological sovereignty” (TS). Yet, if and how these visions are able to produce new forms of subjectivity in relation to digital systems has remained an important open question. Critical scholars have highlighted how technocapitalist logics produce subjects as knowable and programmable through data profiles, as responsiblized digital citizens contributing data as a form of civic participation, and as stratified in gendered and racialized hierarchies of technological knowledge and agency. In contrast, this paper explores the production of unruly digital subjects in Barcelona through TS initiatives that work to re-embed the digital in the social, contest hierarchies of technological expertise, and promote forms of collective reflection and experimentation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100377,"journal":{"name":"Digital Geography and Society","volume":"1 ","pages":"Article 100001"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.diggeo.2020.100001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"96751099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}