Deep Sea Research (1953)最新文献_第5页

Sound-scattering spectra of deep scattering layers in the western North Atlantic Ocean 北大西洋西部深散射层的声散射谱

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90021-1

J.B. Hersey, Richard H. Backus, Jessica Hellwig

{"title":"Sound-scattering spectra of deep scattering layers in the western North Atlantic Ocean","authors":"J.B. Hersey, Richard H. Backus, Jessica Hellwig","doi":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90021-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90021-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Sound from small explosions has been used to study the frequency-dependent characteristics of deep scattering layers in three areas of the western North Atlantic Ocean. Layers show resonant properties, the scattered sound being most intense in a narrow frequency band. The scatterers are presumed to be mainly the swimbladders of bathypelagic fishes. In layers peaking at frequencies above 5 kcps there is a systematic shift of peak frequency as layer depth changes during vertical migration. In two cases studied frequency changes as the <math><mtext>5</mtext><mtext>6</mtext><mtext>th</mtext></math> power of the hydrostatic pressure. This suggests that in these cases the swimbladder simply expanded and contracted with changing pressure. In a third case frequency changes as the <math><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2 </mtext><mtext>power</mtext></math> of the pressure. This suggests that the fish maintained neutral buoyancy throughout the depth migration by absorbing gas from the swimbladder as necessary. Layers peaking near or below 5 kcps are poorly resolved in depth. In one instance a direct relationship between frequency and depth has been established, but not well enough to define the relationship quantitatively. Pronounced depth and frequency migration is found in layers south of New England and south of Nova Scotia. Back-scattering coefficients were found to lie between − 64 and − 81 db re M−1 in a small number of computations.</div>","PeriodicalId":100361,"journal":{"name":"Deep Sea Research (1953)","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 196-200, IN3-IN4, 201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6313(61)90021-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74041448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Seven miles down (The story of the bathyscapheTrieste) 七英里深(的里雅斯特号的故事)

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90038-7

K.O. Emery

引用次数: 1

A plastic-barrel sediment corer 塑料桶状沉积物覆盖物

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90035-1

Adrian F. Richards , George H. Keller

引用次数: 38

Quantitative distribution of deep-sea plankton in the western Pacific and its relation to deep-water circulation 西太平洋深海浮游生物的数量分布及其与深海环流的关系

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90026-0

M.E. Vinogradov

引用次数: 11

Collection and descriptions of juvenile tunas from the central pacific 中太平洋金枪鱼幼鱼的收集和描述

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90029-6

Walter M. Matsumoto

{"title":"Collection and descriptions of juvenile tunas from the central pacific","authors":"Walter M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90029-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90029-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Collections of juvenile tunas during the period 1951–1960 from the central Pacific are recorded. Juveniles of Neothunnus macropterus (Temminck and Schlegel), Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus), and Auxis sp. are described and figured. Initial results with the British Columbia midwater trawl, as modified for collecting tuna forage organisms and juvenile tunas, suggest that this trawl has considerable promise as a collecting device. Its ability to catch juvenile tuna appears much greater than that of the 10 ft Isaacs-Kidd midwater trawl. Although much has been learned in recent years abouth the biology of adult tunas, we still have very little information concerning the occurrence, distribution, and habits of their postlarval and juvenile stages. This lack is due mainly to poor success in collecting the young with the methods hitherto used, i.e., dipnetting at night-light stations, midwater trawling with small and medium-sized nets, seining with tuna bait nets, and searching the stomach contents of adult tunas and other pelagic fishes. Most of the juveniles recorded in the literature have been reported from scattered localities and have come either from the stomachs of pelagic fishes (Kishinouye, 1919, 1923, 1924, 1926; Inanami, 1942; Marr, 1948; Eckles, 1949; Shimada, 1951a; Yabe, Anraku and Mori, 1953; Yabeet al., 1958) or from dipnetting at nightlight stations (Schaefer and Marr, 1948a, 1948b; Wade, 1949, 1950; Shimada, 1951b; Klawe and Shimada, 1959). Since tuna juveniles are taken sporadically, generally in small numbers, it is important that all known captures be recorded so that the information will be available to investigators.</div>","PeriodicalId":100361,"journal":{"name":"Deep Sea Research (1953)","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6313(61)90029-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86107623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Editorial notice 编辑注意到

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90040-5

引用次数: 0

The pattern of the steady state transverse current component in the Florida Current off Miami 迈阿密附近佛罗里达海流稳态横流分量的模式

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90024-7

Frank Chew

引用次数: 1

Speculations on the origin of the invertebrate faunas of the lower continental slope 关于下大陆斜坡无脊椎动物群起源的推测

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90030-2

Robert H. Parker

{"title":"Speculations on the origin of the invertebrate faunas of the lower continental slope","authors":"Robert H. Parker","doi":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90030-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90030-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Recent studies of the benthic faunas of the continental slope of western North America, highlighted by the collection of additional specimens of Neopilina galatheae Lemche, 1957, off Baja California have led to speculations regarding the origin of invertebrate faunas on the continental slope of the Eastern Pacific. It is suggested that many of the shelf and epicontinental bottom faunas migrated down the slope during the Paleozoic and early Mesozoic times in response to competition and population pressure from the newly evolved forms. In areas of relatively old, stable, deep-sea topography, some of these early forms still exist, with minor changes in external morphology. Since middle Cretaceous times, many new topographic features of the Eastern Pacific, particularly trenches, ridges, and borderlands, presumably have been formed along the continental margins. In as much as these features were formed after the Paleozoic and early Mesozoic invasion of invertebrates into the deep sea had occurred, a new migration of Tertiary and Holocene faunas may have taken place. Recent collections of benthic invertebrates in depths of 1000 to 4000 metres support this thesis, as ‘ancient’ or relict forms of invertebrates, exemplified by Neopilina, were found on outer slopes that descend directly to the sea floor, or on the undisturbed abyssal bottom. Modern, or more recently evolved faunas, which appear to have originated from fairly recent (Tertiary) shallow-water environments, as well as from older abyssal regions were found at equivalent depths in trenches and in borderland basins, inshore of the Paleozoic relicts. Animals from Arctic and Antarctic waters may have invaded abyssal and hadal depths during the cooling of the Pleistocene.</div>","PeriodicalId":100361,"journal":{"name":"Deep Sea Research (1953)","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6313(61)90030-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79035981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Circulation of the Red Sea in early summer 初夏红海环流

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90023-5

A.Conrad Neumann , David A. McGill

引用次数: 111

Oxygene, phosphate et gaz carbonique total en Mer de Corail 氧、磷酸盐和天然气共含碳水化合物

Deep Sea Research (1953) Pub Date : 1961-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6313(61)90020-X

Henri Rotschi

{"title":"Oxygene, phosphate et gaz carbonique total en Mer de Corail","authors":"Henri Rotschi","doi":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90020-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6313(61)90020-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div>In the Coral Sea, the correlations between the apparent oxygen utilization and the inorganic phosphate concentration on one side, the total carbon dioxide concentration on the other side, are significant. The regression curve of total carbon dioxide on apparent oxygen utilization is a straight line; the ratio atom by atom A.O.U./C. is close to <math><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>1</mtext></math> which is half of the theoretical value. The regression of inorganic phosphate on A.O.U. does not seem to be best represented by a straight line and the ratio A.O.U./P. which is smaller than <math><mtext>180</mtext><mtext>1</mtext></math> varies with depth. A possible explanation of this anomaly is found in a slight difference between the composition of the oxidizable organic matter and that of the basic molecule of carbohydrate which is considered to be the first step in the photosynthetic process; for instance the percentage of hydrogen could be smaller and the phosphorus concentration at 1000 m triple of that near the surface. Further computations show that the equatorial waters of the Pacific do not contain any preformed phosphate and that the organic matter which is synthesized in the eastern Pacific must be rich in nitrogen.</div>","PeriodicalId":100361,"journal":{"name":"Deep Sea Research (1953)","volume":"8 3","pages":"Pages 181-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1961-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6313(61)90020-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89251649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4