Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science最新文献_第5页

Processus de rupture dynamique d'un grand séisme et loi de friction sur les failles 大地震的动态破坏过程与断层摩擦定律

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01687-1

Michel Campillo , Raul Madariaga

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引用次数: 2

Stress transfer and seismicity changes before large earthquakes 大地震前的应力传递和地震活动性变化

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01677-9

David D Bowman, Geoffrey C.P King

{"title":"Stress transfer and seismicity changes before large earthquakes","authors":"David D Bowman, Geoffrey C.P King","doi":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01677-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01677-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, observational and theoretical descriptions of spatio-temporal patterns of seismicity have focused on two fundamental (and controversial) observations: static stress (Coulomb) interactions between earthquakes and accelerating seismic moment release before large earthquakes. While there have been several documented examples of static stress changes influencing the space-time pattern of seismicity <em>following</em> great earthquakes (main shocks and aftershocks), there have been few attempts to link this method to the evolution of seismicity <em>before</em> great earthquakes (precursory seismicity and foreshocks). In this paper, we describe a simple physical model that links static stress modeling to accelerating moment release before a large event. For practical reasons, it is not straightforward to apply this technique as a method of forecasting future large earthquakes. However, after the large event has occurred, the region of stress accumulation can be calculated with precision based on the known source parameters of the earthquake. This region can then be examined for seismic moment rate changes prior to the event. As examples, we have examined all <em>M</em>⩾6.5 earthquakes in California since 1950 in regions defined by their pre-event stress fields, and find a period of accelerating moment release before all of these events. While we illustrate the model using seismicity in California, the technique is general and can be applied to any tectonically active region. Where sufficient knowledge of the regional tectonics exists, this method can be used to augment current techniques for seismic hazard estimation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100301,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"333 9","pages":"Pages 591-599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01677-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86122731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Coulomb interactions and the 17 August 1999 Izmit, Turkey earthquake 库仑相互作用与1999年8月17日土耳其伊兹米特地震

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01676-7

Geoffrey C.P. King , Aurélia Hubert-Ferrari , Süleyman S. Nalbant , Bertrand Meyer , Rolando Armijo , David Bowman

{"title":"Coulomb interactions and the 17 August 1999 Izmit, Turkey earthquake","authors":"Geoffrey C.P. King , Aurélia Hubert-Ferrari , Süleyman S. Nalbant , Bertrand Meyer , Rolando Armijo , David Bowman","doi":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01676-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01676-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At 00:02 GMT (03:02 local time) on 17 August, 1999 a magnitude 7.4 (<em>M</em><sub>s</sub>) earthquake occurred 100 km east of Istanbul causing extensive destruction. The event was expected and several scientists have published and attempted to publicize the danger. A paper on stress interactions for NW Turkey (J. Geophys. Res. 103 (1998) 24466–24469) concluded that “by combining the stress change map with the map of active faulting, likely locations for the occurrence of future earthquakes can be refined; faults in the Izmit Bay area, the western part of Biga Peninsula, the Saroz Gulf and a part of western Sea of Marmara must be regarded as posing a specific hazard”. An extension of that study is described here. It is shown that the Izmit (1999) earthquake loaded faults both to the east and west of the Izmit rupture. About three months after the Izmit event an <em>M</em> 7.2 earthquake occurred with an epicenter at Duzce extending the Izmit rupture to the east. In the Marmara Sea, west of Izmit, faults have been loaded by between 1 and 5 bar; 5 to 30 % of typical earthquake stress drops in the region suggesting the likelihood of a future event. The risk of a major event on a fault depends not just on stress increases associated with an individual earthquake, but also on the longer-term earthquake history and on tectonic loading. The roles of both are examined over two time periods from 1900 to 1999 and 1700 to 1999. Whatever interpretation we place on the data we conclude that one or two events as great or greater than the recent one is likely to occur within the next few decades near to the northern coast of the Marmara Sea.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100301,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"333 9","pages":"Pages 557-569"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01676-7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72552579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Failles actives et trace des séismes en surface : l'approche paléosismologique 活动断层与地表地震痕迹:古地震学方法

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01675-5

Mustapha Meghraoui

{"title":"Failles actives et trace des séismes en surface : l'approche paléosismologique","authors":"Mustapha Meghraoui","doi":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01675-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01675-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The identification of seismogenic faults in regions with low level seismicity is a major problem in earth sciences. Recent developments of tectonic studies in earthquake-prone areas point out critical questions such as (1) what is the probability of occurrence of a large earthquake (<em>M</em>>6.5) in intraplate Europe? and (2) how much the morphology may record and preserve successive coseismic movements in regions with fault slip rates lower than 1 mm·yr<sup>−1</sup>? In palaeoseismology, the identification of coseismic movements and related active fault parameters results from integrated field investigations that include geomorphic analysis of fault scarps, geophysical prospecting and trench investigations. Methodologies developed in regions with high seismic strain rates (fault slip rates higher than 1 mm·yr<sup>−1</sup>, interplate regions) are of primary importance for the fault identification in regions with low level of seismicity (intraplate domains). Examples of active faults illustrate their physical properties and contribute to a better understanding of the faulting behaviour and related seismic hazard.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100301,"journal":{"name":"Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"333 9","pages":"Pages 495-511"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01675-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76983686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Was the Trévaresse thrust the source of the 1909 Lambesc (Provence, France) earthquake? Historical and geomorphic evidence 1909年法国普罗旺斯的兰姆斯克地震是由特拉西瓦雷塞断层引起的吗?历史和地貌证据

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01646-9

Robin Lacassin, Paul Tapponnier, Bertrand Meyer, Rolando Armijo

引用次数: 21

Datation U/Pb : âge Briovérien de la série d'Erquy (Massif armoricain, France) U/Pb年代:erquy系列的brioverian年龄(法国armoricain Massif)

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01669-X

Alain Cocherie , Jean Chantraine , C.Mark Fanning , Marie-Pierre Dabard , Florentin Paris , Alain Le Hérissé , Emmanuel Égal

引用次数: 5

High crystalline quality of large single crystals of subglacial ice above Lake Vostok (Antarctica) revealed by hard X-ray diffraction 南极沃斯托克湖冰下大单晶高结晶质量的硬x射线衍射研究

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01667-6

Maurine Montagnat , Paul Duval , Pierre Bastie , Bernard Hamelin , Olivier Brissaud , Martine de Angelis , Jean-Robert Petit , Vladimir Ya Lipenkov

引用次数: 34

Un exemple de corrélation marin–continental dans le Priabonien de Roumanie. Remarques sur la Grande Coupure 罗马尼亚priabonian的海洋-大陆相关性的一个例子。关于大削减的注意事项

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01659-7

Calin Baciu , Jean-Louis Hartenberger

引用次数: 18

Sur l'hydrogéomorphologie d'un espace à forte anthropisation urbaine : le site de Nı̂mes (Languedoc, France) du Pléistocène supérieur à l'Antiquité ; impacts postérieurs 关于l’hydrogéomorphologie anthropisation密集型城市空间的网站:Nı̂my更新世(Languedoc)法国大于古代;撞击后

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01664-0

Guilhem Fabre , Martial Monteil

引用次数: 3

Effets de la charge des édifices volcaniques sur la propagation de structures régionales compressives : exemples naturels et modèles expérimentaux 火山建筑荷载对区域压缩结构传播的影响:自然实例和实验模型

Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences - Series IIA - Earth and Planetary Science Pub Date : 2001-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/S1251-8050(01)01660-3

Yannick Branquet, Benjamin Van Wyk de Vries

引用次数: 15