Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association最新文献_第10页

1 Archaeologies of Political Ecology – Genealogies, Problems, and Orientations 政治生态学的考古学——谱系、问题和方向

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12097

Christopher T. Morehart, John K. Millhauser, Santiago Juarez

引用次数: 17

10 Why the Archaeology of Political Ecology Matters 为什么政治生态考古学很重要

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12105

Wendy Ashmore

{"title":"10 Why the Archaeology of Political Ecology Matters","authors":"Wendy Ashmore","doi":"10.1111/apaa.12105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apaa.12105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Archaeology and anthropology generally share with geography an interest in the relationship of humans to their environments. This relationship involves material exchanges but also draws from social relations as well as political, symbolic, and religious practices. Thus, while climate and natural resources shape human biology and culture over time, human culture and politics have reciprocal impacts on the environment, cross-culturally and across time. This has become the realm of political ecology. Well-known cases of such impact in historical and modern contexts highlight contrasts between views of Thomas Malthus and Esther Boserup on connections between population size and food supplies, or between the spread of infectious diseases and socioeconomic standing. More succinctly, Paul Robbins (2012, 14) asserts: “political ecology represents an explicit alternative to ‘apolitical’ ecology.” Contributors to this volume raise thought provoking issues in political ecology from an archeological perspective, simultaneously reporting concrete findings and inspiring new lines of research in richly varied cultural and environmental contexts. This chapter discusses insights and challenges in the collective contributions, presented via three themes: (1) inequality in access to landscape resources; (2) multiplicity of time frames, from events to long-term; and (3) the potential characteristics of “nature” in political ecological dynamics. The chapter closes with summary thoughts on why the archaeology of political ecology matters.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100116,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association","volume":"29 1","pages":"175-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/apaa.12105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126496549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

List of Contributors 贡献者名单

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12107

引用次数: 0

7 Were the Vikings Really Green? Environmental Degradation and Social Inequality in Iceland's Second Nature Landscape 维京人真的是绿色的吗?冰岛第二自然景观中的环境退化和社会不平等

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12102

Kathryn A. Catlin, Douglas J. Bolender

{"title":"7 Were the Vikings Really Green? Environmental Degradation and Social Inequality in Iceland's Second Nature Landscape","authors":"Kathryn A. Catlin, Douglas J. Bolender","doi":"10.1111/apaa.12102","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apaa.12102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Iceland was settled by the Norse ca. 870 CE. Within the next few centuries, 40% of Iceland's soil cover was lost to deforestation and erosion. By the late medieval period, the social landscape had also changed from a population of nominally equal landowning households to one comprised mostly of tenant farmers subject to a small class of elite landlords. Interpretations of the changing landscape have described the Norse as unaware of the environmental consequences of their agricultural practices, or as thoughtfully responsive to degrading conditions. Using estimates of the available biomass in different regions and measurements of changing soil depth in lowland Langholt, Skagafjörður, we suggest that what appears to modern researchers as catastrophic environmental devastation was in part an agricultural benefit, at least to some people. While some farmers did well, others were forced to leave failing land and enter service or tenancy. At the same time, agricultural strategies focused on transhumant pastoralism and production of grass fodder created distinct changes to the landscape that reinforced the emerging social hierarchy until it came to seem natural and inevitable. We imagine the earliest Icelanders not as violent raiders of the landscape, nor as sensitive custodians of a changing environment, but as intelligent farmers and politicians who mobilized the transformed landscape into a political economy that would keep their farms productive and their descendants in power for a millennium.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100116,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association","volume":"29 1","pages":"120-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/apaa.12102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83376072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

3 A Political Ecology of the Medieval Castle 3中世纪城堡的政治生态

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12098

Matthew Johnson

{"title":"3 A Political Ecology of the Medieval Castle","authors":"Matthew Johnson","doi":"10.1111/apaa.12098","DOIUrl":"10.1111/apaa.12098","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recent work in castle studies has moved away from their military role, towards a stress on social life, aesthetics, symbolism, and “status.” While this social-cultural turn is a marked advance, it has not always been thought through in an anthropological or theorized way; nor have social-cultural interpretations been related to everyday practices. Consequently, “social” analyses of castles have tended to be rather disembodied, and to be limited in their accounts of power and inequality. In this paper, I sketch out what a political ecology of the castle might look like, with reference to the late medieval castle of Bodiam in south-east England. I focus on how the castle and its surrounding landscape work to control, delimit, and define flows—flows of things, of animals, and of people, circulating in and around the castle and its context. Flows work at a series of different scales ranging from the position and practices of the human body within castle spaces, to the local and regional, to the networks of religion and power across Europe and beyond. Things, animals, and people move within and around the castle hall and kitchens, upper and lower courtyards, the ancillary buildings of demesne farm, deerpark, fishponds and estate, the local, regional, and wider landscape and environment. Material flows help define the nature and scope of social relations; the description of such flows allows a clearer idea of the castle's role in materializing inequality to be delineated and understood.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100116,"journal":{"name":"Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association","volume":"29 1","pages":"51-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/apaa.12098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116829712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

5 Maintaining Social Bonds during the Preclassic: An Incipient Urban Landscape 在前古典时期维持社会联系:一个早期的城市景观

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12100

Santiago Juarez

引用次数: 2

2 Assessing the Politics of Neo-Assyrian Agriculture 2评估新亚述农业的政治

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12106

Melissa S. Rosenzweig

引用次数: 7

9 Questioning a Posthumanist Political Ecology: Ontologies, Environmental Materialities, and the Political in Iron Age South India 质疑后人类主义的政治生态:铁器时代南印度的本体论、环境物质性和政治

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2018-07-02 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12104

Andrew M. Bauer

引用次数: 7

6 Contextual and Biological Markers of Community Identity in the Effigy Mound Manifestation of Southern Wisconsin 南威斯康辛州雕像丘表现中社区认同的语境和生物学标记

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2017-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12089

Jered B. Cornelison, Wendy Lackey-Cornelison, Lynne Goldstein

引用次数: 2

10 Might Community be the Key to Unlocking the Social Potential of Bioarchaeology? 社区可能是释放生物考古学社会潜力的关键吗?

Archaeological Papers of the American Anthropological Association Pub Date : 2017-07-11 DOI: 10.1111/apaa.12093

William J. Meyer

引用次数: 1