{"title":"Table 1 suggested groupings of antimicrobial agents that should be considered for routine testing and reporting by clinical microbiology laboratories","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0738-1751(90)90002-T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0738-1751(90)90002-T","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100101,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobic Newsletter","volume":"7 4","pages":"Page 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0738-1751(90)90002-T","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136929646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correlation of in vitro and in vivo resistance development to antimicrobial agents","authors":"Joan C. Fung-Tomc","doi":"10.1016/0738-1751(90)90033-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0738-1751(90)90033-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Preclinical in vitro and in vivo determinations of the likelihood of an antibiotic to develop resistance can and has proven predictive of their likelihood of resistance development in patients. Problematic antibiotic/bacterial species combinations are often associated with high frequencies of single-step resistance development in that species. Thus, treatment of organisms with rapid in vitro emergence of drug resistance should be monitored carefully. In vitro studies, however, are limited in predicting resistance mediated through acquisition of a resistance plasmid.</p><p>The frequency of resistance development to a drug is dependent on factors such as the drug used for selections, the concentration (i.e., dosing) of the drug, the bacterium, and the site of infection. Organisms intrinsically less susceptible to an antibiotic develop resistance rapidly due to their low therapeutic ratios. Since cross-resistance often occurs within an antibiotic class, it may be desirable to initiate therapy with a drug with low resistance-selecting potential. Optimal dosing regimens are especially critical when treating bacterial species likely to develop drug resistance. Though combination drug therapies have proven affective in experimental animal infections and in man, they do not prevent resistant variants from emerging. Understanding of drug-resistance development will contribute to our management of infectious diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100101,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobic Newsletter","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 17-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0738-1751(90)90033-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82136165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Use of an animal model system for assessing antimicrobial activity","authors":"Andrew B. Onderdonk","doi":"10.1016/S0738-1751(05)80003-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0738-1751(05)80003-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Animal model systems are clearly an important part of our continued study of a variety of infectious processes. The model described here has been used extensively to document the role of various microbiologic components in the disease process associated with intraabdominal sepsis, as well as the effectiveness of various antimicrobial agents in treating infections in which both facultative and obligately anaerobic bacteria are present. This model system has proven to be a reliable indicator of potential therapeutic efficacy and, in certain cases, has helped to explain apparent discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo data. Obviously, such model systems cannot replace our traditional suceptibility-test systems on a patient-by-patient basis. However, information gained from models such as the one described here is an important addition to the data available regarding potential clinical efficacy.</p><p>In addition to the studies of antimicrobial efficacy, a major contribution of this animal model system has been the identification of the role of various microbial species in mixed infections and host response to the infectious process. It is hoped that continued use of animal model systems for the study of infectious processes will lead to a better understanding of the basic factors in the development of infections, and identification of ways in which such infections can be treated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100101,"journal":{"name":"Antimicrobic Newsletter","volume":"7 2","pages":"Pages 9-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S0738-1751(05)80003-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88621434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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