Annals of Agrarian Science最新文献

{"title":"Creation of a digital model of fields with application of DJI phantom 3 drone and the opportunities of its utilization in agriculture","authors":"T. Hovhannisyan,&nbsp;P. Efendyan,&nbsp;M. Vardanyan","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agriculture is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the Republic of Armenia. About 45% of people employed in Armenia are engaged in agriculture [<span>1</span>]. Innovative technologies, especially unmanned aerial vehicles (drones), can make a great contribution to the development and improvement of agriculture. The purpose of the research was to study the possibilities of application of unmanned aerial vehicles in agriculture. We have got digital models of 3 ha fields using DJI phantom 3, and this enables us to receive up-to-date information at any time and carry out a variety of analyzes and projections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 177-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91720700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening of endophytic actinomycetes for their herbicidal activity","authors":"Helly Singh ,&nbsp;Bindu Naik ,&nbsp;Vijay Kumar ,&nbsp;Gajraj Singh Bisht","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2017.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aasci.2017.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Endophytic actinomycetes were isolated from 6 different plants collected from Uttarakhand, India. Actinomycetes isolates were screened for their herbicidal activity against <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em>, <em>Ageratum conyzoides</em> and <em>Bidens biternata</em>. These isolates belong to the seven different genera. None of the isolate showed herbicidal activity on SCN agar plates. Therefore, direct fermentation method was used for the phytotoxin production in the submerged culture to study the herbicidal activity against different test weeds. The significant differences were observed in the production of phytoxin in SCN and GS medium. In the case of <em>Ageratum conyzoides</em> (billygoat weed), the culture filtrate of <em>Nocardiodes</em> sp. 1, <em>Nocardiodes</em> sp.2 and <em>Actinomadura</em> sp. showed 60% reduction in seed germination. However, culture filtrate of endophytic actinomycetes was ineffective on seed of <em>Bidens biternata</em> in the pre-emergence condition. In <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em>, the highest seed germination reduction was observed with the culture filtrate (in SCN) of <em>Nocardiodes</em> sp.1 (80%). While in GS medium, maximum inhibition was observed in culture filtrate of <em>Saccharopolyspora</em> sp. (80%). The culture filtrates exhibited phytotoxic activity towards the germinated seedlings of <em>Ageratum conyzoides</em>, <em>Bidens biternata</em>, and <em>Parthenium hysterophorus</em> showing effects like leaf curling, wilting and burning. In post-emergence condition, reduction in shoot-root length was observed with the culture filtrate of <em>Actinomadura</em> sp.1, <em>Nocardiodes</em> sp.1, <em>Streptomyces</em> sp.1, <em>Saccharopolyspora</em> sp. and <em>Microbispora</em> sp. These findings suggest that endophytic actinomycetes are rich source of herbicidal metabolites. Further studies are required to isolate, purify and structure elucidation of the metabolites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 101-107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2017.11.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87575663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of the composition of acids in Sphagnum species of the percolation bog of the Kolkheti lowland","authors":"Natela Tetemadze, A. Bakuridze, M. Jokhadze, Izolda Machutadze","doi":"10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.04.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"9 1","pages":"222-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79177452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenoloxidases of perennial plants: Hydroxylase activity, isolation and physiological role","authors":"N.T. Omiadze,&nbsp;N.I. Mchedlishvili,&nbsp;M.O. Abutidze","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The difficulties of isolation of phenoloxidases with hydroxylase activity from different plants have been discussed. Phenoloxidase with high hydroxylase activity has been isolated from tea and kivi leaves, apple (Kekhura) fruits, walnut husks and vine stems. The tea leaf phenoloxidase has been shown to be able to catalyze the hydoxylation of the natural substrate p-coumaric acid. The step in the secondary metabolism in which phenoloxidase hydroxylase activity may be included in the plant lignification process has been shown. It has been supposed that masking of hydroxylase activity of phenoloxidase might be connected with the difficulties and peculiarities of the enzyme isolation and perhaps, hydroxylase activity of perennial plant phenoloxidase is included in the process of lignin formation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 196-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75002327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the history of agrarian thought","authors":"Avtandil Silagadze","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.04.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Agriculture has long been recognized as the main field of production in Egypt, Babylon, China, India … It is not accidental that we still have the most precious materials on the issues of management of this sphere, which have not lost their sensitivity to the present day. The study analyzes the individual aspects of the problem mainly on the example of ancient countries, particularly Rome. Based on the conclusion: For Platon the main thing is: The existence of natural farmland where everything is made according to demand; The land is the main sign - “mother”, which is the property of the “ideal state”. About the role of farming, Xenophon had a similar view, who first used the term “economics” and Aristotle, whose ownership is the term “economic science”; The issues of Latifundian agrarian farming research gained particular attention to Antiquity in Rome, where the specialists of Roman thinkers clearly outlined that the main field of agriculture, and the income derived from it - is the most sacred; The most effective product is near the selling markets; The importance of livestock, viticulture and gardening took place in the foreground; The objective of the science of farming is to study soil composition, selection of favorable time for land-processing tools and land cultivation; Additional work used in land cultivation ensures receiving of surplus product … Despite the experience of history, unfortunately, in post-Soviet Georgia does not pay much attention to the development of real economy, including agriculture sector.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 213-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.04.010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90129803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulative modeling of the soil erosion processes","authors":"Irina Khubulava,&nbsp;Goga Chakhaia","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In order to visualize the negative consequences of soil erosion processes running in Georgia, namely in the Gldaniskhevi ravine within the territory of Tbilisi, research field integrated polygon has been arranged on the eroded slope chosen beforehand.</p><p>At the control area of polygon 24 field experiments have been carried out to study the dynamics of the formed erosion processes under the different intensity precipitation conditions, whereby scour parameters were being measured (average depth – h, average width – b, B).</p><p>For estimating the exactness of calculations done on the results of measurings accomplished with the purpose to definite the intensity of soil erosion processes, the method of least squares have been used, on the base of which contour dependence between investigated parameters and therefore validity of the accomplished researches have been ascertained.</p><p>Simulative modeling of the soil erosion processes has been accomplished by means of special computer programs, which has shown, that during 167 days at the control area of the field polygon the eroded slope gulleying processes have been significantly strengthened, that nowadays can be also noticed on the slopes outside the polygon, on account of which can be concluded, that in order, to prevent expected landslide and debris flow phenomena in the river Gldaniskhevi ravine, implementation of urgent effective anti-erosive measures is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 185-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The investigation of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins of wines made of the grape variety karmrahyut","authors":"Artak Gabrielyan ,&nbsp;Karen Kazumyan","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wine phenolics are important quality components that contribute to the color, taste and feel of wines. The majority of the phenolic constituents found in wine are grape-derived. In red wine, tannins and anthocyanins are the most important phenolic classes. Tannins contribute to the mouth feel of wines but they also form pigmented polymers in association with the anthocyanins to provide the stable pigments required to give red wine its long-term color stability [<span>1</span>,<span>2</span>]. Moreover, polyphenols also exert many favorable effects on human health, such as the inhibition of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and various cancer types [3]. By focusing on the above, our goal was to produce rose and red dry wines from Karmrahyut grape variety, which is a hybrid variety and is very little studied, and to investigate the content of anthocyanins, total phenols and monomer index in them.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 160-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91720697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic variability, character association and genetic divergence studies in castor ( Ricinus communis L.)","authors":"Rukhsar, M. P. Patel, D. Parmar, Sushil Kumar","doi":"10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.02.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85285814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation of a digital model of fields with application of DJI phantom 3 drone and the opportunities of its utilization in agriculture","authors":"T. Hovhannisyan, P. Efendyan, M. Vardanyan","doi":"10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AASCI.2018.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"101 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80899133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Christ's thorn formation (Paliureta spina-christi) in the Tbilisi environs (East Georgia, South Caucasus)","authors":"N.J. Lachashvili ,&nbsp;M.N. Khachidze ,&nbsp;N.V. Eradze ,&nbsp;L.D. Khetsuriani","doi":"10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Christ's thorn formation (Paliureta spina-christi) of Tbilisi environs is studied. This formation is one of the typical representatives of hemixerophilous shrubberies of shibliak type in the Caucasus region and one of the characteristic for vegetation cover of Tbilisi surroundings. Plant communities of Christ's thorn formation with different plots area are fragmentary spread almost all over the territory of Tbilisi environs from 400 to 800 (900) m above s.l.. Plant communities are developed on slopes and plane place with various exposure and inclination, mainly on the grey-cinnamonic and cinnamonic soils. The most xerophilous variants are developed on the erosive bare mother rocks as well. In Tbilisi environs the Christ-thorn's plant communities are either primary or secondary origin. Formation is characterized by rich typological and floristic composition. We identified 6 plant communities: (1) Paliureto-mixtofruticetum gramino-mixtoherbosum, (2) Paliureto-Rhmanetum gramino-mixtoherbosum, (3) Paliureto gramino-mixtoherbosum, (4) Paliureto bothriochlooso gramino-mixtoherbosum, (5) Paliuretum festuceto-bothriochloosum, (6) Paliureto-Astragaleto-Rhamnetum. For each separated plant communities the basic structural characteristics (general projective coverage, projective coverage, distribution and height of layers, sodding degree, dominant-edificator plants, characteristic species, number of species, moss cover, litter, species richness, spectrum of life forms), distribution area in the Tbilisi environs and main physical-geographical conditions (topography, altitude, exposure, inclination, soil type) are given. 190 species of vascular plants, which belong to 40 families and 132 genera, were recorded. In the floristic spectrum leading families are: 1. Poaceae – 27 species (14,2%), 2. Asteraceae – 25 species (13,2%), 3. Fabaceae – 17 species (8,9%), 4-5. Lamiaceae and Rosaceae – 15-15 species (7,9-7,9%), 6-8. Apiaceae, Caryophyllaceae and Rubiaceae – 8-8 species (4,2-4,2%), 9. Brassicaceae – 7 species (3,7%), 10-11. Caprifoliaceae and Rhamnaceae – 4-4 species (2,1-2,1%). The life form spectrum is as follows: hemicryptophytes (including biennials) – 91 (47,9%), therophytes – 58 species (30,5%), phanerophytes – 21 (11,1%), chamaephytes – 7 (3,7%), geophytes – 13 (6,8%). The article is attached full list of recorded plants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100092,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Agrarian Science","volume":"16 2","pages":"Pages 189-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.aasci.2018.03.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91773311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}