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Experimental evidence for the selection of salinity-tolerant ecotypes of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex. 铜绿微囊藻复合体耐盐生态型选择的实验证据。

IF 4.5

Harmful algae Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2025.102936

Gabriela Martínez de la Escalera, Angel M Segura, Carla Kruk, Carolina González, Claudia Piccini

{"title":"Experimental evidence for the selection of salinity-tolerant ecotypes of the Microcystis aeruginosa complex.","authors":"Gabriela Martínez de la Escalera, Angel M Segura, Carla Kruk, Carolina González, Claudia Piccini","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2025.102936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hal.2025.102936","url":null,"abstract":"Microcystis aeruginosa complex (MAC) generate harmful blooms in multiple aquatic ecosystems, from freshwater to estuaries. The intra-complex genetic diversity and its phenotypic plasticity emerge as the main hypothesis of ecological success of the group in eutrophic ecosystems. This intra-complex diversity is composed of ecotypes, phylogenetically closely related organisms differing in their ecological preferences that could be considered species. Under the hypothesis of a rapid selection of ecotypes caused by salinity, here, we experimentally evaluated the role of salinity (0, 5, 10 and 25 ppt) in the ecotype community configuration and toxicity of MAC. We assessed the response to different salinities by analyzing ecotype composition (mcyJ based genotyping) combined with mcyJ amplicon sequencing for ecotypes identification, MC-producing cells abundance and their toxin-production activity (mcy gene copies and transcripts abundance, and MC variants concentration), and machine learning methods for data analysis. We found that, although the abundance of MC-producing cells, the mcyE transcription and MC concentration were negatively affected by increasing salinity, the treatments at 10 and 25 ppt selected MAC ecotypes showing different profiles of MC variants. The results indicate that when freshwater MAC species are transported to brackish waters, the salt-induced stress (salinities between 5 and 10 ppt) selects salt-tolerant ecotypes, generating a shift in the MC variants produced. At higher salinities (25 ppt), the selected ecotypes maintain their abundance but MC production decreases. The existence of MC-producing ecotypes adapted to different salinity conditions is relevant in determining the success of MAC organisms in a wide range of ecosystems and poses a risk to estuarine health, justifying further research.","PeriodicalId":94320,"journal":{"name":"Harmful algae","volume":"149 ","pages":"102936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of peroxide-based compounds on growth and toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa. 过氧化物基化合物对铜绿微囊藻生长和毒性的影响。

IF 4.5

Harmful algae Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2025.102930

Miquel Lürling, Ziwei Liao, Li Kang, West M Bishop, Maíra Mucci

{"title":"Effects of peroxide-based compounds on growth and toxicity of Microcystis aeruginosa.","authors":"Miquel Lürling, Ziwei Liao, Li Kang, West M Bishop, Maíra Mucci","doi":"10.1016/j.hal.2025.102930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hal.2025.102930","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanobacterial blooms are increasing worldwide, compromising water bodies and ecosystem services. Among the possible management measures are curative methods, such as hydrogen peroxide, that can suppress cyanobacteria growth. However, the rapid breakdown of H2O2 could limit its effectiveness; thus new formulations (liquid and solid) that are, in theory, more stable have been developed. Here, we tested three new formulations (Oximycin™ P5, Phycomycin® SCP and Lake Guard® Oxy) and traditional peroxides (H2O2 and CaO2) on their capacity to end Microcystis aeruginosa bloom and their effect on microcystin dynamics. In general, all the products controlled M. aeruginosa biomass. The products were comparable mainly in the tests with lower initial Chl-a (150 µg L-1), with slightly less effectiveness of CaO2. At a higher initial bloom concentration (600 µg Chl-a L-1), all the products were effective in reducing Chl-a concentration to zero at a dose of 3 mg H2O2 L-1, except Lake Guard® Oxy and CaO2, which showed an increase in Chl-a by the end of the experiment. This suggests that OximycinTM P5, Phycomycin® SCP, and liquid H2O2 may perform better at lower doses. Nonetheless, at the highest dose tested (10 mg H2O2 L-1), all products were highly effective, with no signs of recovery. After one day of exposure, extracellular MC concentrations were higher in all treatments but reduced to lower levels than the control after nine days, pointing to the degradation of dissolved MCs. There is no obvious top choice in terms of overall efficiency. However, each product may be better suited for different purposes depending on the specific situation and strategy.","PeriodicalId":94320,"journal":{"name":"Harmful algae","volume":"149 ","pages":"102930"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0