Clinical and diagnostic pathology最新文献

{"title":"Color standardization and optimization in whole slide imaging.","authors":"Takashi Inoue,&nbsp;Yukako Yagi","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole slide imaging (WSI) has various uses, including the development of decision support systems, image analysis, education, conferences, and remote diagnostics. It is also used to develop artificial intelligence using machine learning methods. In the clinical setting, however, many issues have hindered the implementation of WSI. These issues are becoming more important as WSI is gaining wider use in clinical practice, particularly with the implementation of artificial intelligence in pathological diagnosis. One of the most important issues is the standardization of color for WSI, which is an important component of digital pathology. In this paper, we review the major factors of color variation and how to evaluate and modify color variation to establish color standardization. There are five major reasons for color variation, which include specimen thickness, staining, scanner, viewer, and display. Recognizing that the color is not standardized is the first step towards standardization, and it is difficult to ascertain whether the appropriate color of the WSI is displayed at the reviewers' end.</p>","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7575208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38517182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytopathologic identification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in breast cancer: Application of size-based enrichment","authors":"M. Kamal, Macall Leslie, Crista E. Horton, N. Hills, Rachel Davis, R. Nguyen, M. Razaq, K. Moxley, P. Hofman, Roy Zhang, Takemi Tanaka","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000136","url":null,"abstract":"Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are indicative of metastatic disease in multiple types of solid tumors. Technologic advances in CTC enrichment have yielded profound variability in both quantity and phenotypic characteristics of CTCs. While size-based exclusion methods have improved the sensitivity of CTC capture, their diminished specificity requires subsequent robust cytopathologic identification of CTCs. In this study, we compared CTC counts from Isolation by Size of Epithelial/Trophoblastic Tumor cells (ISET®) filters sequentially stained by May-Grünwald/Giemsa (MGG), immunocytochemistry (ICC)/hematoxylin, and ICC/hematoxylin/eosin, followed by corresponding CTC criteria. An immune and endothelial cell cocktail of CD45/CD11b/CD31 antibodies adequately ruled out immune and endothelial cells, yet a substantial number of atypical morphologies with nuclear irregularity (i.e., circulating non-hematological/endothelial cells; CNHCs) were detected in both breast cancer cases and non-cancerous controls following hematoxylin nuclear counterstain. Cytoplasmic staining with eosin, significantly diminished CNHC counts. In conclusion, detection of CTCs from ISET filters using chromogenic ICC is feasible in conjunction with identification criteria of nuclear irregularity, negative reactivity to immune and endothelial cell markers, and presentation of visible cytoplasm. *Correspondence to: Takemi Tanaka, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Dept. of Pathology, Stephenson Cancer Center at 975 NE 10th, BRC-W, Rm 1415, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA, Tel: Office (405)-271-8260, E-mail: takemi-tanaka@ouhsc.edu Roy Zhang, MD., Associate Professor, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Dept. of Pathology, 940 SL Young Blvd, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA, Tel: Office (405)-271-1794, E-mail: roy-zhang@ouhsc.edu Special Issue: Recent Advancements in Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology Rawhi Omar University of Louisville School of Medicine USA","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67450871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of abusers by clinical laboratory tests and eye pupil examinations","authors":"Majid Rezaei Basiri, S. Alilou, Darya Alilou","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000137","url":null,"abstract":"In this study (n=500) fresh blood and urine samples of male abusers were recruited to distinguish abuse drugs and some treatment drugs. All the study population were male, and their age range was mean ±SD=41±21. They had often history consumption of the abuse drugs and take other medication too. All data were collected and analyzed by one-way ANOVA and t-test before and after detoxification. The rapid strip methods and their eye pupils’ variations determined abusers ‘treatment conditions. When comparing the test results p-value: 0≤0.05 was considered as significance level. Treatment duration follow-up of all abuser’s urine samples indicated negative results. According to the findings of this investigation rapid strip tests were useful in urine samples and eye pupils’ variations were accessible confirmation method.","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67451035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beliefs, attitude and knowledge of contact lens wear and care among Saudi Arabia population","authors":"A. Alharbi, J. Sarriyah","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000134","url":null,"abstract":"People wear contact lenses (CL) not only to correct the refractive errors of the eye, but also for cosmetic reasons. However, people who wear CL have little or no knowledge of the rules of proper handling of CL and of the complications they may cause. Our aim is to assess the awareness of CL wear and care in Saudi Arabia. This is a prospective cross-sectional study. A validated questionnaire was administered between June to July 2018. The age range of target participants was between 18 and 60 years. The invitation to participate in the study was sent to 900 individuals and the data was statistically analyzed using SPSS v24.0l. The study targeted 507 participants, with a mean age 25.03 SD (±7.79). The results indicate that 100 participants (29.5%) wear CL for refractive correction, 134 (39.5%) wear them for cosmetic reasons, while 105 (31%) wear them for both correction and cosmetic ends. Moreover, 498 (98%) of the participants report that wearing contact lens during sleep is harmful to eyes, and 90% of the participants believed that swimming with CL might have negative effects on the eyes. 67% of the participants believed the misuse of contact lenses may cause corneal ulcer, 67% of participants think the contact lenses cause blindness. The use of contact lenses in Saudi Arabia is mainly for cosmetic reasons. Accordingly, there is a need for health education program on how to use contact lenses for cosmetic reasons to minimize their risks. *Correspondence to: Abdulrahman Jazaa Alharbi, Doctor of optometry (OD), Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, E-mail: Abdulrhman426@hotmail.com","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67450660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: A fatal case of necrotizing myositis panniculitis from E.coli in a patient with alcohol cirrhosis and MGUS","authors":"A. Jensen, N. Smith","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000135","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67450723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid during pregnancy: a case report","authors":"J. Davies, Gian-Marco Busato, A. Eskander, K. Higgins","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000132","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The association between pregnancy and growth of salivary gland malignancies has not been well elucidated due to the paucity of reports in the literature. Adenoid cystic carcinoma of the head and neck is known to share histologic characteristics with adenocarcinomas of the breast. A small number of studies have found varying degrees of positive expression of both estrogen and progresterone receptors within adenoid cystic carcinoma. While a few case reports have observed a link between pregnancy and salivary gland tumour growth, none have reported on growth of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland under such circumstances. Case presentation: A 31-year-old Chinese woman presented with growth of a right parotid lesion during pregnancy that was associated with facial nerve palsy and neuropathy of the post-auricular skin. On MRI, the mass was adjacent to the stylomastoid foramen and there was evidence of perineural invasion of the facial and greater auricular nerves. A fine needle aspirate biopsy confirmed adenoid cystic carcinoma. She underwent right radical parotidectomy, ipsilateral neck dissection, temporal bone resection and primary neurorrhaphy of facial nerve branches with adjuvant radiotherapy. Conclusion: This article represents the third reported case of salivary gland malignancy growth during pregnancy and the first case of adenoid cystic carcinoma. With a focus towards adding to a body of literature examining an association between pregnancy and salivary gland tumors, our report may stimulate interest in better understanding the complex biological behavior of such tumors. *Correspondence to: Kevin Higgins, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room M1 102, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada, E-mail: Kevin.Higgins@sunnybrook.ca","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67450435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinicopathological study of lesions of bone","authors":"D. Kokode, A. Wilkinson","doi":"10.15761/cdp.1000133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/cdp.1000133","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Bone tumours are neoplasms originating in the skeletal system that are within or closely related to the bone tissue. A spectrum of pathological bone lesions can present in any form from inflammatory to neoplastic conditions. They account for 0.2% of all tumours in humans. Aims and objectives: To study the clinical and pathological spectrum of lesions of bone. Material and methods: This study was carried out in the Department of Pathology, in a Tertiary health care hospital. It was a hospital based cross sectional study. After obtaining detailed clinical history and examination, biopsies and resected specimen were received in 10% formalin, gross findings were noted and histopathological examination was done. Results: Histopathological evaluation was done in all 106 cases, obtained in a period of 2 years in the tertiary care hospital. In this study, non-neoplastic and benign neoplastic were the commonest bone lesions which accounted for 40.6% each, followed by malignant lesions 15.1% and metastatic lesions 3.7%. The maximum number of bone lesions occurred in second decade of life with a male to female ratio of 1.35:1. The most common presenting feature of all bone lesions was pain. The commonest site of all bone lesions in this study was lower end of femur followed by proximal end of tibia. The most common benign neoplatic neoplasms in this study was giant cell tumour followed by Osteochondroma. Among malignant neoplasm the most common was Osteosarcoma. Epithelial malignancies were the most common to metastasise to bone. Conclusion: Histopathology is the gold standard for the precise diagnosis of the vast number of bone lesions. Since the exact diagnosis of bone tumours is at times difficult, a joint approach integrating clinical, radiological and histopathological findings is necessary to increase accuracy. *Correspondence to: Dnyanada Kokode, Department of Pathology, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Nagpur-440019, India, E-mail: dr.radhakokode@gmail.com Received: February 06, 2019; Accepted: February 20, 2019; Published: February 25, 2019 Introduction Bone tumours are neoplasms originating in the skeletal system that are within or closely related to the bone tissue [1,2]. A spectrum of pathological bone lesions can present in any form from inflammatory to neoplastic conditions [1,2]. These lesions are diverse in their clinical and morphological features and range in behaviour from innocuous to rapidly fatal [3]. Accurate diagnosis, proper staging and appropriate treatment are thus necessary to ensure maximum patient survival and maintain optimal function of the affected body parts [4]. Primary bone tumours are relatively uncommon lesions [5]. They account for 0.2% of all tumours in humans and some of these tumours display marked interand intranational variations in incidence, site and age distribution [6]. Some relevant demographic features like age, gender and skeletal site are important factors while ma","PeriodicalId":93086,"journal":{"name":"Clinical and diagnostic pathology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48847373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}