International journal of HIV/AIDS and research最新文献

HIV Landscape in Bangladesh and a Comparison to the Global Context 孟加拉国的艾滋病毒状况及其与全球环境的比较

International journal of HIV/AIDS and research Pub Date : 2019-05-30 DOI: 10.19070/2379-1586-1900036

Y. Kabir

引用次数: 2

A Review of the Advances in the Mechanisms used to Mitigate/Reverse HIV Latency 缓解/逆转HIV潜伏期机制进展综述

International journal of HIV/AIDS and research Pub Date : 2019-03-25 DOI: 10.19070/2379-1586-1900035

Nyamweya Sm

{"title":"A Review of the Advances in the Mechanisms used to Mitigate/Reverse HIV Latency","authors":"Nyamweya Sm","doi":"10.19070/2379-1586-1900035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19070/2379-1586-1900035","url":null,"abstract":"Once it enters the human body, HIV inserts its genetic material into the DNA of the host immune cells. Doing this enables HIV to force the cell's machinery to make many copies of the virus. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) for patients living with HIV has resulted in successful suppression of the AIDS virus (HIV) and this medication has turned what was once a death sentence into a chronically managed disease. However, while drug therapy allows people living with HIV to lead a relatively normal life, it is not a cure as this treatment is insufficient to clear persistent infection, it does not lead to the full eradication of infection and the virus continues to persist within a latent reservoir in resting memory CD4+ T cells and macrophages. HIV latency is due to some HIVinfected immune cells going into a dormant or latent state and not making new virus. Latent HIV reservoirs are established during the earliest stage of HIV infection and throughout the course of the disease. The virus can hide in this latent reservoir in infected cells for a long time, even for several decades, without their genetic code being read to make protein or without any viral protein being expressed, and thus without becoming active and causing any noticeable symptoms, thus eluding the immune system's response and antiviral treatments. These HIV latency sanctuaries are seen as a deliberate survival tactic by the virus, since in them the virus goes undetected by the immune system and is also beyond the reach of even the most potent antiretroviral drugs which do not penetrate well to reach the virus. Thus HIV latency makes it nearly impossible for the virus to be targeted with antiretroviral","PeriodicalId":92220,"journal":{"name":"International journal of HIV/AIDS and research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42990656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Burden of Care on Caregivers of Children infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Calabar, Nigeria 尼日利亚卡拉巴尔感染人类免疫缺陷病毒儿童的照顾者的照顾负担

International journal of HIV/AIDS and research Pub Date : 2018-12-19 DOI: 10.19070/2379-1586-1800034

Ochigbo So, C. Torty

引用次数: 7

Knowledge and Practices of Male Circumcision as an HIV/AIDS Prevention Measure among Males in Mbarara Municipality 姆巴拉拉市男性包皮环切术作为艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防措施的知识和实践

International journal of HIV/AIDS and research Pub Date : 2018-09-25 DOI: 10.19070/2379-1586-1800033

M. A, C. K

引用次数: 1

Pharmacogenetic Associations with ADME Variants and Virologic Response to an Initial HAART Regimen in HIV-Infected Women. 药物遗传学与 ADME 变异和 HIV 感染女性对 HAART 初始治疗方案的病毒学反应的关系。

International journal of HIV/AIDS and research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 Epub Date: 2017-09-05 DOI: 10.19070/2379-1586-1700031

C L Pearce, D Stram, A Wiensch, M A Frasco, N Kono, D V Den Berg, K Anastos, M H Cohen, J DeHovitz, E T Golub, B Tamraz, C Liu, W J Mack

{"title":"Pharmacogenetic Associations with ADME Variants and Virologic Response to an Initial HAART Regimen in HIV-Infected Women.","authors":"C L Pearce, D Stram, A Wiensch, M A Frasco, N Kono, D V Den Berg, K Anastos, M H Cohen, J DeHovitz, E T Golub, B Tamraz, C Liu, W J Mack","doi":"10.19070/2379-1586-1700031","DOIUrl":"10.19070/2379-1586-1700031","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Clinical response to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) varies among different populations. A portion of this variability may be due to variation in genes involved in the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) of HAART.Design: To identify genetic factors involved in virologic responses to HAART, 13 genes in ADME pathways were analyzed in a cohort of HIV-infected women on HAART. A total of 569 HIV-positive participants from the Women's Interagency HIV Study who initiated HAART from 1994-2012 and had genotype data were included in these analyses.Methods: Admixture maximum likelihood burden testing was used to evaluate gene-level associations between common genetic variation and virologic response (achieving <80 viral copies/mL) to HAART overall and with specific drug classes. Results: Six statistically significant (P<0.05) gene-level burden tests were observed with response to specific regimen types. CYP2B6, CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 were significantly associated with response to protease inhibitor (PI)-based regimens. CYP2C9, ADH1A and UGT1A1 were significantly associated with response to triple nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) treatment.Conclusions: Although no genome-wide associations with virologic response to HAART overall were detected in this cohort of HIV-infected women, more statistically significant gene-level burden tests were observed than would be expected by chance (two and a half expected, six observed). It is likely that variation in one of the significant genes is associated with virologic response to certain HAART regimens. Further characterization of the genes associated with response to PI-based treatment is warranted.","PeriodicalId":92220,"journal":{"name":"International journal of HIV/AIDS and research","volume":"4 3","pages":"154-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5863915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35945854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0